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External sources (not reviewed)

要使三维模式得到进一步发展，需要更好地了解许多复杂的近岸现象和过程，包括长周期重力波与边缘波以及造成复杂海底地形的各种过程，例如各种近岸沙坝系统。 unesdoc.unesco.org	To understand and predict changes in coastal ecosystems, it is often necessary to quantify the states and rates of exchanges at the land-sea boundary (L), the air-sea interface (A), and the boundary used to delineate the coastal environment and the deep sea (S). unesdoc.unesco.org
全球陆地观测系统覆盖的范围是淡水(河流、湖泊和地下水)和陆地系统，包括沿岸流域、沙坝岛以及陆地“围垦”地(填海造地)。 unesdoc.unesco.org	The design and implementation of GOOS must be guided by the identification of user groups and the data streams and products and model outputs they require (Chapters 4 and 5; Fischer and Flemming, 1999; Kite-Powell et al. unesdoc.unesco.org
月开展地面检验、堤坝和沙丘筛查、海滩排雷、低位沼泽地排雷和高位沼泽地排雷。 daccess-ods.un.org	Denmark, in its request, committed, in the first half of 2010, to [...] carry out a tender process and set up operations, [...] and, from July 2010 to December 2011, [...] carry out surface probing, sifting of dikes and dunes, clearance of beaches, clearance of low marshlands and clearance of high marshland. daccess-ods.un.org
除了在南江镇举行毕业典礼之外，Emerson 志愿者还专程赶赴偏远的乐坝和沙河镇，看望当地受助却无法参加毕业典礼的学生们。 emerson.com	In addition to the Nanjiang graduation [...] ceremony, Emerson volunteers went to remote areas [...] like Yueba and Shahe to visit students [...] who could not participate in the Nanjiang ceremony due to the distance. emerson.com
塔什干国际会议是筹备世界水论坛的一个重要阶段，来自 32 个国家的 350 多名专家、杰出科学家、环境保护主义者和水资源管理专家，以及大约 [...] 30 个有影响力的国际组织和金融机构的代表出席了会议，其中包括联合国及其各个机构、世界水事理事会、全球水事伙伴关系、世界银行、亚洲开发银行、欧洲经济 [...] 委员会、国际挽救咸海基金、美国国际开发署、国际排灌委员会、国际大坝委员会和其他机构。 daccess-ods.un.org	The international conference in Tashkent, which marked an important stage in the preparations for the World Water Forum, was attended by more than 350 experts, prominent scientists, environmentalists and water management specialists from 32 countries, as well as representatives of some 30 influential international organizations and financial institutions, including the United Nations and its agencies, the World Water Council, the Global Water Partnership, the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank, the Economic Commission for Europe, the International Fund for Saving the Aral Sea, the United States Agency for International Development [...] (USAID), the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage, the [...] International Commission on Large Dams and other bodies. daccess-ods.un.org
措施可以包括把气候风险方面的考虑纳入发展规划进程、 [...] 宏观经济预测和部门计划；要求在城市规划、土地使用规划、水资源管理 [...] 以及环境和自然资源管理中使用与气候风险有关的信息；加强和维护沿海防波堤、河流堤坝、泄洪道和蓄洪池等防护工程；要求基础设施项目、建 [...] 筑设计和在其他工程实践中对气候风险作出例行评估和报告；建立风险转移机制和社会安全网；支持生计多样化方案；在具体的灾后恢复计划中开展适应活动。 daccess-ods.un.org	Measures can include incorporating climate riskrelated considerations in development planning processes, macroeconomic projections and sector plans; requiring the use of climate risk-related information in city planning, land-use planning, water management, and environmental and natural resource management; strengthening and [...] maintaining protective works such as coastal wave [...] barriers, river levees, floodways and [...] flood ponds; requiring routine assessment [...] and reporting of climate risks in infrastructure projects, building designs and other engineering practices; developing risk transfer mechanisms and social safety nets; supporting programmes for diversification of livelihoods; and instituting adaptation activities in plans for recovery from specific disasters. daccess-ods.un.org
目前，在缅甸还有几处大坝正在修建，主要由中国公司出资，包括缅甸中部的装机容量为 790 兆瓦的耶涯 (Yeywa) 大坝和 280 兆瓦的邦朗 (Paunglaung) 大坝。 banktrack.org	Several dams in Burma are currently underway with major support from Chinese companies, including the 790 MWYeywa Dam in central Burma and the 280 MW Paunglaung Dam. banktrack.org
随后，奥地利、比利时、保加利亚、克罗地亚、塞浦路斯、捷克共和国、丹麦、爱沙尼亚、芬兰、法国、德国、希腊、匈牙利、冰岛、爱尔兰、意大利、拉 [...] 脱维亚、立陶宛、卢森堡、马耳他、荷兰、波兰、葡萄牙、罗马尼亚、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚、西班牙、瑞士和美利坚合众国加入为提案国。 daccess-ods.un.org	Subsequently, Austria, Belgium, [...] Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech [...] Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, [...] Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, [...] Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland and the United States of America joined the sponsors. daccess-ods.un.org
借助堤坝，河流的防洪和通航问题均能明显改善。 voith.com	With the help of dams, they provide flood [...] protection and improve the navigability of rivers. voith.com
目前咨询委员会成员如下：澳大利亚、比利时、加拿大、丹麦、埃及、芬兰、法国、德国、 [...] 爱尔兰、意大利、日本、约旦、黎巴嫩、荷兰、挪威、沙特阿拉伯、西班牙、瑞典、瑞士、阿拉伯叙利亚共和国、土耳其、联合王国和美国；邀请巴勒斯坦作为 [...] 观察员出席并全面参与咨询委员会会议；邀请欧洲共同体出席咨询委员会的会 [...] 议；邀请阿拉伯国家联盟作为观察员出席咨询委员会的会议。 daccess-ods.un.org	The membership of the Advisory Commission is currently as follows: Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, [...] Ireland, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Lebanon, [...] Netherlands, Norway, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Sweden, [...] Switzerland, Syrian Arab Republic, Turkey, [...] United Kingdom and United States; to invite Palestine to attend and fully participate in its meetings as an observer; to invite the European Community to attend its meetings; and to invite the League of Arab States to attend its meetings as an observer. daccess-ods.un.org
港口、机场、垃圾场、水坝等城市外的基础设施工程通常为城市提供服务和资源，因此同城市和城市化密不可分。 daccess-ods.un.org	Infrastructural works outside cities, such as harbours, [...] airports, waste dumps and dams, often provide cities [...] with services and resources, and thus [...] are closely linked with cities/urbanization. daccess-ods.un.org
阿富汗、阿尔巴尼亚、安哥拉、亚美尼亚、阿塞拜疆、白俄罗斯、不丹、波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那、博茨瓦纳、文莱达鲁萨兰国、布基纳法索、布隆迪、中非共和国、乍得、捷克共和国、多米尼加共和国、加蓬、冈比亚、格鲁吉亚、危地马拉、几内亚比绍、海地、洪都拉斯、印度尼西亚、伊拉克、哈萨克斯坦、科威 [...] 特、拉脱维亚、利比里亚、列支敦士登、马拉维、马来西亚、马里、毛里塔尼 [...] 亚、摩纳哥、缅甸、尼泊尔、尼日尔、阿曼、巴拿马、秘鲁、卡塔尔、卢旺达、沙特阿拉伯、塞内加尔、塞拉利昂、新加坡、斯洛伐克、斯里兰卡、阿拉伯叙利 [...] 亚共和国、乌克兰、乌拉圭和津巴布韦。 daccess-ods.un.org	Afghanistan, Albania, Angola, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brunei Darussalam, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Czech Republic, Dominican Republic, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Honduras, Indonesia, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Latvia, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Mauritania, Monaco, [...] Myanmar, Nepal, Niger, Oman, Panama, Peru, [...] Qatar, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, [...] Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Sri Lanka, [...] Syrian Arab Republic, Ukraine, Uruguay, and Zimbabwe. daccess-ods.un.org
目前，正在调查并清除卡奥拉巴萨大坝和马普托省电力塔的地雷。 daccess-ods.un.org	Survey and clearance of [...] the Cahora Bassa Dam and the Maputo Power [...] pylons are ongoing. daccess-ods.un.org
以前和以后的”卫星图像将用于说明环境变化情况，如土地使用变化情况、城市扩展、水文变化（水坝、河流改道和受浸湿地）、土地退化和荒漠化、海岸区变化、珍贵生境的丧失、战争和冲突的影响、气候变化的 [...] 影响和水体缩减等。 daccess-ods.un.org	Before and after” satellite images will be used to show environmental changes [...] such as land use change, urban growth, [...] altered hydrology (dams, river diversions [...] and drained wetlands), degradation of land [...] and desertification, coastal areas change, loss of valuable habitats, impacts of war and conflicts, impacts of climate change and shrinking bodies of water. daccess-ods.un.org
无主土地， [...] 往往作为国有森林，包括地方政府代表土著人民管理的信托土地，都可能用于采矿、水电大坝、城市化和木材采伐，几乎无视土著人民的权利。 daccess-ods.un.org	Untitled lands, often considered as State-owned forests, including trust lands administered by local governments on behalf of [...] indigenous peoples, are subject to [...] mining, hydroelectric dams, urbanization and [...] timber concessions, with little if any [...] regard to the rights of indigenous peoples. daccess-ods.un.org
在集水项目中，苏丹政府执行并计划执行更多的发展项目，包括在各州修建水库、大坝和水井，以为农业、畜牧业和饮水提供充分的水供应。 daccess-ods.un.org	In the context of water-harvesting projects, the Sudanese Government has implemented and plans to implement still more [...] development projects consisting in the [...] construction of reservoirs, dams and wells in various [...] states in order to ensure an adequate [...] supply of water for agricultural, grazing and drinking purposes. daccess-ods.un.org
安全理事会将通过的关于停止对加沙的侵略和战争的决议必须重申，必须在真正和有效的国际监 [...] 督下继续推动政治进程，以确保将在 1967 年边界内建立以圣城为首都的独立巴勒斯坦国，根据 1948 年大会第 194(III)号决议找到巴勒斯坦难民问题 [...] 的公正和商定解决办法，并释放所有被关押者和囚犯。 daccess-ods.un.org	The resolution to be adopted by the [...] Security Council on the cessation of aggression [...] and war against Gaza must reiterate [...] the need for the political process to continue [...] under genuine and effective international supervision in order to ensure that an independent Palestinian State will be created within the 1967 borders and with Al-Quds Al-Sharif as its capital; that a just and agreed solution will be found to the issue of Palestinian refugees in accordance with General Assembly resolution 194 (III) of 1948; and that all detainees and prisoners will be released. daccess-ods.un.org
许多情况都能引发洪涝，如暴雨、海水、涨潮、河水泛滥以及水坝决堤或城市排水系统溢流等。 studyinaustralia.gov.au	Flooding can be caused by a range of situations that include heavy rainfall, seawater, high tides, run-off [...] from rivers and dams or urban drainage. studyinaustralia.gov.au
阿尔巴尼亚、安哥拉、阿根廷、澳大利亚、孟加拉国、比利时、贝宁、保加利亚、布基纳法索、布隆迪、中国、刚果、刚果民主共和国、丹麦、吉布提、多米尼加共和国、萨尔瓦多、爱沙尼亚、危地马拉、冰岛、印度、爱尔兰、以色列、意大利、日本、肯尼亚、吉尔吉斯斯坦、马里、摩洛哥、波兰、大韩民国、摩尔多瓦共和国、罗马尼亚、卢旺达、塞内加尔、西班牙、泰国、前南斯拉夫的马其顿共和国、土耳其、乌克兰、美利坚合众国和津巴布韦随后加入为提案国。 daccess-ods.un.org	Subsequently, Albania, Angola, Argentina, Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Benin, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, China, Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Estonia, Guatemala, Iceland, India, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Mali, Morocco, Poland, the Republic of Korea, the Republic of Moldova, Romania, Rwanda, Senegal, Spain, Thailand, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkey, Ukraine, the United States of America and Zimbabwe joined the co-sponsors. daccess-ods.un.org
根据一般的追踪概 [...] 念，同位素技术是研究人员能够评估水坝的落实情况，查明容易受到地表水和灌溉水污染的地下水区。 daccess-ods.un.org	Based on a general concept of tracing, isotope techniques enable [...] researchers to assess dam leakage and identify [...] groundwater zones that are vulnerable [...] to contamination from surface water and irrigation water. daccess-ods.un.org
许多的河流上均建造大坝和围堰以优化水源管理、进行发电以及改善运输条件。 voith.com	Dam and weir control is used on [...] numerous rivers to optimize water resource management and generate energy as well as to [...] improve conditions for shipping. voith.com
在德拉，当朝拜者离开位于前往大坝路上的 Hussain 清真寺后，有人聚集在 [...] 营地门口，向警卫和执法部队投掷石头和两枚自制燃烧弹，导致驻德拉国家安全部队五人受伤，伤者被送往国家医院救治。 daccess-ods.un.org	After worshippers had left the Hussain mosque [...] on the road to the dam in Dar’a, people [...] gathered at the entrance to the camp and [...] threw stones and two Molotov cocktails at security and law enforcement forces, injuring five men from the State security forces in Dar’a, who were taken to the National Hospital for treatment. daccess-ods.un.org
它一般是作为获得开发项目规划审批的一个强制性步骤执行的，如水坝、机场、高速公路、输电线路、电站、大型工业、城市基础设施建 [...] 设和灌溉项目。 teebweb.org	It is generally conducted as a mandatory step to [...] obtain planning approval for development [...] projects such as dams, airports, highways, [...] transmission lines, power plants, large [...] industries, urban infrastructure developments and irrigation projects. teebweb.org
世界大坝委员会的两位成员，Deborah Moore 和 Thayer Scudder 总结了他们在对大坝开发效力进行的最为全面的调查中得到的发现，提出了创新的框架，也是世界大坝委员会为未来的水力和能源项目提出的框架。 banktrack.org	Deborah Moore [...] and Thayer Scudder, two members of the former World Commission on Dams, summarize the findings of the largest review of the development effectiveness of dams ever undertaken, and present the innovative framework which the WCD [...] proposed [...] for future water and energy projects. banktrack.org

沙坝 ()—

a sandbank

a sand bar

Examples:

沙坪坝—

沙坪坝区—

See also:

沙 n—

沙—

坝—

狰—

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External sources (not reviewed)

沙坝 ()—

a sandbank

a sand bar

Examples:

沙坪坝—

沙坪坝区—

See also:

沙 n—

沙—

坝—

狰—

▾External sources (not reviewed)

▾
External sources (not reviewed)