| 单词 | 水文学 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 水文学 noun —hydrology nSee also:水文—hydrology • spam 水文 n—hydrography n • ecohydrology n 水文 adj—hydrological adj • hydrographic adj
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在地下水评估及管理，以及干旱及半干旱地 区 水文学 领 域已经取得了实质 性成果。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Substantial results were achieved in the area of groundwater assessment and management as well as [...] in arid and semi-arid zones hydrology. unesdoc.unesco.org |
国际水文计划第六阶段战略计划（2002 至 2007 年）已经完成了第五年的工作，在报告期间在 不同领域内取得了重大进展：扩大了干旱和半旱地区发展信息全球网（G-WADI）；2006 年 11 月在古 巴成功举办了水资源易变性、变化过程、分析和影响问题第五次 [...] FRIEND（根据国际试验和网络数据 系列确定水流状态）世界会议；开放多条合作渠道，进一步加强同全球环境基金的联系；就重点城 [...] 市水资源管理问题、包括紧急情况下地下水管理在内的地下水管理、共有水资源管理、生 态 水文学 以及 水资源历史和文化等问题多次举办讲习班和培训活动。 unesdoc.unesco.org | The implementation of the sixth phase of IHP (2002-2007) completed its fifth year, and significant progress was made in different fields during the period reported: G-WADI, the global network on information for development in arid and semi-arid zones was expanded; a successful Fifth FRIEND (Flow Regimes from International Experimental and Network Data) World Conference on Water Resources Variability, Processes, Analyses and Impacts took place in Cuba in November 2006; links to the Global Environment Facility were further strengthened with a number of cooperation lines opened; numerous workshops and training activities were held on key urban water management issues; groundwater [...] management, including groundwater for emergency situations; shared water [...] management; ecohydrology; and water history [...]and culture. unesdoc.unesco.org |
中心的目的是培训新一代水资源问题领导人，目前正在实施多个 关于制订有效水资源管理框架的项目，并且让新的科学工作者、决策者和律师参与 “ 水文学 为环 境、生命和政策服务计划”网络。 unesdoc.unesco.org | The centre, which will train a new generation of water leaders, is currently involved in multiple [...] projects to develop [...] frameworks for effective water resources management, and is also engaged in bringing new scientists, policy-makers [...]and lawyers into the HELP network. unesdoc.unesco.org |
至于水文学为环境、生命和政策服务（HELP）的交叉性倡议，主席团认为有必要加 [...] 强 HELP 这一国际水文计划倡议与国际水文计划本身之间的联系，并且要求秘书处向国际水 文计划主席团第四十三届会议提交关于 HELP 开展的活动和 HELP 情况的报告，以便对 [...] HELP 涵盖的范围以及改革后的执行、协调和报告机制进行审查。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Regarding the cross-cutting [...] initiative on Hydrology for the Environment, [...]Life and Policy (HELP), the Bureau identified the [...]need to improve institutional linkages between HELP, as an IHP initiative, and IHP itself and requested that a report on the activities and status of HELP be submitted by the Secretariat to the 43rd session of IHP Bureau with a view to reviewing its scope and improved implementing, coordinating and reporting mechanisms. unesdoc.unesco.org |
主席团还注意到下列人士的发言：（a）水教育研究所所长，他强调必须将科学 与政策联系起来；（b）国际水文科学 协 会代表，他鼓励国际水文计划适应联合国系统 内外与水有关的计划的不断变化；（c）国 际 水文 地 质 学家协会代表，他强调有必要以 综合方法应对主席团讨论的那些挑战（见第 42 段）；（e）国际水文计划非洲地区水 文学家，他向主席团介绍了在最近举行的国际水文计划全国委员会地区会议上讨论的 非洲地区的优先事项。 unesdoc.unesco.org | The Bureau also took note of the interventions of; (a) the Rector of UNESCO-IHE, [...] who emphasized the need to link science and policy, (b) the representative of IAHS, who [...] encouraged IHP to adapt to the changing panorama of water-related programmes within and outside the UN, (c) the representative of IAH, who highlighted the need to address the challenges discussed by the Bureau (see paragraph 42) in an integrated manner, and (e) the IHP Regional Hydrologist for Africa, who presented to the Bureau the [...]regional priorities of Africa as discussed in the [...]recently-held regional meeting of IHP National Committees. unesdoc.unesco.org |
其它四个是关于环境科学的：例如生 态学、地质学、水文学和海洋学。 unesdoc.unesco.org | The four others are on [...] environmental sciences, such as ecology, geology, hydrology and oceanography. unesdoc.unesco.org |
a. 教科文组织《2008--2013 年中期战略》（34 C/4 号文件）提出了战略性计划目标 [...] 3：运用科学知识来保护环境和管理自然资源；此外，战略性计划目标“促进科 [...] 学、技术和创新方面的政策制定和能力建设”指出“ 在 水文学 领 域 ，教科文组织 将提供政策咨询和能力建设方面的支持，加强其各项计划之间，尤其是国际水文 [...]计划和其它实体，如各种第 2 [...] 类中心之间的协同作用，并促进制定切实有效的联 合采取有益行动的战略”。 unesdoc.unesco.org | (a) UNESCO’s Medium-Term Strategy (2008-2013) as set out in document 34 C/4 defines Strategic Programme Objective 3, “Leveraging scientific knowledge for the benefit of the environment and the management of natural resources”; furthermore, under Strategic Programme Objective “Fostering policies and capacity-building in science, [...] technology and innovation”, it states “In [...] the field of hydrology, UNESCO will [...]provide policy advice and support for capacity-building [...]by reinforcing synergies between its different programmes, in particular the International Hydrological Programme (IHP) and other entities, such as category 2 centres, and promote effective strategies for joint purposeful action”. unesdoc.unesco.org |
这些活动 包括：制定重视环境、生命和政策的水文（HELP）计划和国际同位 素 水文学 联 合计划 （JIIHP），并建立有关机构，如教科文组织国际水文计划设在德尔夫特（Delft）的水教 育学院，建立国际地下水交流评估中心（IGRAC），在智利设立拉丁美洲和加勒比地区 干旱与半干旱区水中心，在埃及设立干旱与半干旱水资源研究地区中心和在伊朗设立地 区城市水资源管理中心。 unesdoc.unesco.org | These initiatives embrace the development of the Hydrology for Environment, Life and Policy (HELP) Programme and the Joint International Isotopes in Hydrology Programme (JIIHP), as well as the establishment of institutions such as the UNESCO/IHE Institute for Water Education in Delft; an International Groundwater Resources Assessment Centre (IGRAC); a Water Centre in Chile for Arid and Semiarid Regions of Latin America and the Caribbean; a Regional Centre in Egypt for Water Studies of Arid and Semi-arid Zones and a Regional Centre for Urban Water Management in the Islamic Republic of Iran. unesdoc.unesco.org |
国际水文计划通过根据国际试验和网络数据系列确定水流状态（FRIEND） 及 水文学为 环 境、生命和政策服务的项目为气候变化知识库的建立做出了贡献，这种知识库可用以改善 [...] 各种综合性方法，以管理和适应全球变化对江河流域和含水层系统的影响。 unesdoc.unesco.org | The IHP programmes FRIEND (Flow Regimes from [...] International Experimental and Network [...] Data) and HELP (Hydrology for the Environment, [...]Life and Policy) have contributed [...]to build the climate change knowledge base useful for improving integrated approaches for managing and adapting to the impacts of global changes on river basins and aquifer systems. unesdoc.unesco.org |
此项目旨在通过综合合作研究、示范和传播活 动来寻求、传播和实施水资源管理的生 态 水文学 方 法。 unesdoc.unesco.org | The project aims at wide-ranging development, [...] dissemination and implementation of [...] the ecohydrological approach to water resource management [...]through integrated cooperative [...]research, demonstration and dissemination activities. unesdoc.unesco.org |
所举实例包 [...] 括特别在以下领域旨在促进社会经济发展和可持续发展的国家、双边、区域和 国际方案：农业和渔业；监测气候变化；灾害管理 ； 水文学 ； 管 理生态系统和 自然资源；监测空气和水的质量；对生物多样性资源、沿海区、土地使用、荒 地和湿地进行测绘；海洋学；农村发展与城市规划；以及安全。 daccess-ods.un.org | Examples were given of national, bilateral, regional and international programmes to further socio-economic and sustainable development, notably in the following areas: agriculture and fishery; monitoring [...] climate change; disaster [...] management; hydrology; managing ecosystems and natural resources; monitoring air and water quality; mapping [...]biodiversity resources, [...]coastal zones, land use, wasteland and wetlands; oceanography; rural development and urban planning; and safety. daccess-ods.un.org |
他们中的大多数都被派往执行优先计划的任务，如促进优质教育、非物质和物质遗 产、海委会、水文学计划 、达喀尔论坛的后续行动、文化间对话、科技伦理等，另一些人员 [...] 则被分配到中央服务机构，支持行政方面的改革工作。 unesdoc.unesco.org | The majority of them have been assigned to priority programmes such as Promotion of [...] quality education, Intangible and [...] tangible cultural heritage, IOC, Hydrology, the Dakar [...]follow-up, Intercultural dialogue, [...]Ethics of science and technology while some were assigned to the Central Services to support the reform of the Administration. unesdoc.unesco.org |
贝宁、智利、中国、哥斯达黎加、德国、加纳、印度尼西亚、日本、墨西哥、巴拉圭、坦 [...] 桑尼亚和俄罗斯联邦代表团强调了审议实 验 水文学 、 水 资 源 稀缺、干旱与洪水极端现象的重要 性，还强调了国家和区域各级加强地下水资源评估与发展能力的相关性，以及进一步调查地下 [...] [...]水在减轻气候变化影响方面可能发挥的作用的必要性。 unesdoc.unesco.org | The delegates of Benin, Chile, China, Costa Rica, Germany, Ghana, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, Paraguay, United Republic of Tanzania and the Russian Federation [...] stressed the importance of considering [...] experimental hydrology, water scarcity, droughts [...]and floods extremes, also highlighting [...]the relevance of strengthening capacities at the national and regional levels on groundwater resources assessment and development, as well as the need to further investigate the role groundwater can play in mitigation of climate change impacts. unesdoc.unesco.org |
所举实 例包括特别在以下领域旨在促进社会经济发展与可持续发展的国家、双边、区 [...] 域和国际方案：农业和渔业、气候变化监测、侦测非法作物和罂粟种植、自然 [...] 灾害和人为灾害的预警与应对、地质学、人道主义救济 、 水文学 、 生态系统和 自然资源的管理、关于生物多样性资源、沿海地区、土地使用、荒地和湿地的 [...] 测绘、监测空气质量、荒漠化、旱灾、粮食安全、毁坏森林、电离层与气候、 [...] 海洋学、农村发展与城市规划、搜索和救援工作。 daccess-ods.un.org | Examples were given of national, bilateral, regional and international programmes to further socio-economic and sustainable development, notably in the following areas: agriculture and fishery; climate change monitoring; detecting illegal crops and opium poppy cultivation; early warning of and response to [...] natural and man-made disasters; geology; [...] humanitarian relief; hydrology; managing ecosystems [...]and natural resources; mapping biodiversity [...]resources, coastal zones, land use, wasteland and wetlands; monitoring air quality, desertification, droughts, food security, deforestation, the ionosphere and weather; oceanography; rural development and urban planning; and search and rescue efforts. daccess-ods.un.org |
该委员会是由地质学、地球物理学和 水文学 专家组成的机构，没有权力解决有时在工作中遇到的复杂 法律问题。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Commission, being a body [...] comprised of experts in geology, geophysics and hydrography, does not [...]have the authority to resolve [...]the complex legal issues that it sometimes faces in the course of its work. daccess-ods.un.org |
为了让沿海国家建立水文学能力 ，从而协助加强海上安全和环境保护，国 际水文学组织 在其提供的资料中表明，它愿意提供援助，尤其是向发展中国家和 小岛屿国家提供援助。 daccess-ods.un.org | With a view to enabling coastal States to establish hydrographic capabilities and thereby support better safety at sea and environmental protection, IHO stated in its contribution that it was ready to provide assistance, in particular to developing States and small island States. daccess-ods.un.org |
1975 年至今：位于阿根廷海军水文学事务处海洋学部海洋地质和地球物理司 [...] 的国防部武装部队职业研究与发展科学研究员。 daccess-ods.un.org | Scientific Researcher in the Research [...] and Development Track for the Armed Forces, Ministry of Defence, based in the Marine [...]Geology and Geophysics Division of the Oceanography Department of the Argentine Hydrographic Service (SHN). daccess-ods.un.org |
为实现“为各种生态系统的水资源管理，制定生 态 水文学 和 生态系统管理法”的预期 结果，国际水文计划和人与生物圈计划之间的联合工作重点根据 31 C/5 制定的联合工作重点 [...] 继续进行合作，以确保这项工作取得成功。 unesdoc.unesco.org | With regard to the expected result, [...] to develop ecohydrology and ecosystem approaches for integrated water resource management [...]in various ecosystems, [...]the joint MLA between IHP and MAB represents a continuation of the IHP-MAB collaboration under a joint MLA initiated in document 31 C/5, underlining the success of this experience. unesdoc.unesco.org |
该区域的发达国家和发展中国家相 互学习彼此的经验，例如，通过台风委员会举办年 度 水文学 研 讨 会。 daccess-ods.un.org | The region’s developed and developing countries are [...] learning from one another’s experience, for example, [...] through the annual hydrological workshops of the [...]Typhoon Committee. daccess-ods.un.org |
国际水文计划的国际试验和网络数据系列确定水流状态（FRIEND）计划 和 水文学 为环境、生命和政策服务计划（HELP）取得的经验教训，地区趋势和成套数据，国际地下水资 源管理中心（IGRAC）的设施和数据库都在为气候变化数据库添砖加瓦，以改进冻水、地表 水和地下水资源管理和适应全球变化对河流流域和地下蓄水系统影响的综合方法。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Lessons from the IHP programmes FRIEND (Flow Regimes from International Experimental and Network Data) and HELP (Hydrology for the Environment, [...] Life and Policy), [...]regional trends and data sets, and IGRAC (International Groundwater Resources Assessment Centre) facilities and databases have continued to build the climate change knowledge base allowing for improved integrated approaches for managing frozen water, surface and groundwater resources and for adapting to the impacts of global changes on river basins and aquifer systems. unesdoc.unesco.org |
在国际航运方面，国际水文学组织提供了资料，说明它能力建设的三个不同 部门，即海上安全信息管理、水文测量和制图。 daccess-ods.un.org | With regard to international shipping, the [...] International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) provided [...]information on the three distinct [...]sectors of its capacity development activities, namely, maritime safety information management, hydrographic survey and cartographic production. daccess-ods.un.org |
在教科文组织国际水文计划-VI 生态水文学行动的框架内，特别是由教科文组织欧洲地 区科学办事处(威尼斯)支持的在欧洲宣传与应用生 态 水文学 观 念 的活动中，为来自白俄罗 斯、乌克兰和俄罗斯的三名专家提供了在罗兹大学应用生态学系和波兰科学院国际生态学中 心的实验室和基层单位工作的机会。 unesdoc.unesco.org | In the framework of the UNESCO IHP-VI Action in Ecohydrology, and in particular of those activities supported by UNESCO-ROSTE aimed at the dissemination and application of the Ecohydrology concept in Europe, the opportunity was given to three specialists from Belarus, Ukraine and Russia to spend three weeks at the laboratories and field units of the University of Lodz – Department of Applied Ecology, and the International Centre for Ecology of the Polish Academy of Science. unesdoc.unesco.org |
利益相关者具备足够的水文学和流 域管理基本知 识以理解问题的潜在根源吗？ teebweb.org | Do stakeholders have enough basic [...] understanding of hydrology and river basin [...]management to understand the potential root causes of the problem? teebweb.org |
在上述例子中，进行估值 的前提是不仅要了解经济学，还要了 解 水文学 和生 态学。 teebweb.org | In the above case, evaluation requires an [...] understanding of hydrology and ecology – [...]not just economics. teebweb.org |
国际水文计划瑞典国家委员会、瑞典研究院和全球水资源合作组织举办了第一届 “水 文学为环境、生命和政策服务”（HELP）的讨论会（卡尔马，2002 年 8 月），对已经开展 “水文学为环 境、生命和政策服务”活动的地区所取得的经验进行了评估，这几个地区的突 出重点是开展科学家、水资源管理者和相关方面之间的对话。 unesdoc.unesco.org | The Swedish IHP/National Committee, the Swedish Research Council and the Global Water Partnership hosted the first HELP (Hydrology for the Environment, Life and [...] Policy) Symposium (Kalmar, August 2002) [...]to evaluate the experience achieved by the existing HELP basins with particular focus on the dialogue between scientists, water-related managers and stakeholders. unesdoc.unesco.org |
组建的公民陪审团不但要倾听非政府组织及拥护群体对马赛人处境的陈述，还要考 虑 水文学 家 、 行业机构、 地方政府及国家政府的观点。 teebweb.org | A citizen's juries could be formed to hear the position of the Maasai [...] presented by NGO and advocacy groups, along [...] with views from hydrologists, industry bodies [...]and local government and national government. teebweb.org |
拟议的“由教科文组织赞助的国际沿海生 态 水文学 中 心 （ICCE）”旨在在科学知识、 能力建设、教育和传播活动方面做出贡献，以支助、设计和落实沿海地区的适应和减灾战略 与政策，包括气候变化的影响在内，并处理国际水文计划第七阶段战略计划的各项目标、千 [...] 年发展目标（因为全部八个目标中都存在水问题）以及联合国可持续发展教育十年（UN [...]DESD）的重要主题（气候变化）。 unesdoc.unesco.org | The proposed “International Centre on Coastal [...] Ecohydrology (ICCE) under the auspices of UNESCO” aims to contribute with scientific knowledge, capacity-building, [...]educational [...]and dissemination activities to support, design and implement adaptation and mitigation strategies and policies for coastal zones, including the impacts of climate change, addressing the goals of the Strategic Plan of the 7th Phase of IHP, the MDGs (as water cuts across all eight MDGs) and the key themes for the Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (UN DESD) (climate change). unesdoc.unesco.org |
水文学、水科学 、基础科学、工程科学、科学政策、 生态科学、地球科学、促进沿海和小岛屿可持续生存等各项计划，对于促进科学和技术发展 [...] 及社会变革的指导原则与伦理标准，产生了直接的或间接的影响；通过改善环境、社会变革 和提高人类参与新兴知识社会的科学技术能力，提高了人类安全。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Programmes in hydrology and the water sciences, basic [...] and engineering sciences, science policy, ecological sciences, earth [...]sciences and the platform on coastal regions and small islands all have direct and indirect bearings on promoting principles and ethical norms to guide scientific and technological development and social transformation, improving human security by better management of the environment and social change and enhancing scientific, technical and human capacities to participate in the emerging knowledge societies. unesdoc.unesco.org |
自 2005 年以来，已经实施了涉及 64 个成员国的 110 [...] 多个跨界含水层、地下水和地 表水资源管理技合项目，并对近 200 名科学家进行了同位素水文学技术 方面的培训。 daccess-ods.un.org | More than 110 TC projects dealing with transboundary aquifers, groundwater and surface water resource management [...] involving 64 Member States have been implemented since 2005, with nearly 200 [...] scientists trained in isotope hydrology techniques. daccess-ods.un.org |
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