| 单词 | 民用 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 民用 adjective —civilian adj民用 —(for) civilian useExamples:中国民用航空局—Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) 民用核国家—civil nuclear power
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编写这两项文书草案是为了涵盖民用 航 空 面临的新的和现有的威胁， 尤其包括将以下行为定为刑事罪：使用服役中 的 民用 飞 机 作为武器的行为，和从 民用飞机 上使用某些危险物质袭击地面上 的 民用 飞 机 或其他目标的行为。 daccess-ods.un.org | The draft instruments had been [...] prepared in order to [...] cover new and existing threats to civil aviation, notably including the criminalization of the act of using a civil aircraft in service as a weapon, and of the act of using certain dangerous materials from civil aircraft to attack such aircraft [...]or other targets on the ground. daccess-ods.un.org |
咨询委员会获悉，任职者将负责与包 [...] 括以下各方的各办公室和实体进行协调和联络：信息和通信技术厅，以解决与系 统托管有关的问题；供应商，涉及技术事项和设备升级；安全和安保部，涉及周 边安全进出管制；“团结”项目工作队，涉及人力资源数据和资产管理；国际刑 [...] 事警察组织(国际刑警组织)，涉及丢失或被盗的旅行证件数据库；以及国 际 民用 航空组织。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Advisory Committee was informed that the incumbent would be responsible for coordinating and liaising with various offices and entities, including with the Office of Information and Communications Technology to address issues related to the hosting of the system; the vendor in relation to the technical matters and upgrading of equipment; the Department of Safety and Security for perimeter security access control; the Umoja project team for human resources data and asset management; the International Criminal Police [...] Organization (INTERPOL) for a lost or stolen travel document database; and [...] the International Civil Aviation Organization. daccess-ods.un.org |
最后，阿尔及利亚代表团特别希望提请注意， 核武器国家有必要向无核武器国家提供安全保证， 阿尔及利亚关于《条约》第一条的提议应得到强化， [...] 以确保核武器国家不与未成为《条约》缔约国的国 家在民用核领 域进行合作，以及阿尔及利亚全力支 持原子能机构实施促进和平利用核能的任务。 daccess-ods.un.org | Lastly, his delegation particularly wished to draw attention to the need for nuclear-weapon States to provide security assurances to non-nuclear-weapon States; the Algerian proposal for article I of the [...] Treaty to be reinforced to ensure that nuclear-weapon States refrained from [...] cooperating in the civilian nuclear field with [...]States not parties to [...]the Treaty; and Algeria’s full support for the IAEA mandate to promote the peaceful uses of nuclear energy. daccess-ods.un.org |
中華人民共和國香港特別行政區政府(“香港特區政府”)與墨 西哥合眾國政府於2006年 11月 20日簽訂關於民用航空 運輸的協定(“《墨 西哥協定》”)，當中載有關於避免就營運航空器所得的收入或利潤雙重 課稅的條文。 legco.gov.hk | On 20 November 2006, the Government of the Hong Kong [...] Special Administrative [...] Region of the People’s Republic of China (the HKSAR Government) and the Government of the United Mexican States signed an agreement concerning air services (the Mexican Agreement), which contains [...]a provision on avoidance [...]of double taxation relating to income or profits derived from aircraft operations. legco.gov.hk |
同 時，國際民用航空組織已 呼籲各國政府「採取所需措施，確 保航空 及航空運輸 服務不致受到影響，並 支援航空公司以及視乎情況所需支 [...] 援 其他各有關方面，就因最近發生的事件而不受 保的危險事故為他們 提供意外賠償保障 ， 直至保險市 場 穩 定下來 為止。 legco.gov.hk | The International Civil Aviation Organisation have also appealed to [...] governments “to take such measures, as necessary, to [...]ensure that aviation and air transport services are not disrupted and to support the airline operators and, as required, the other parties, by providing a commitment to cover the risks left open by the recent developments, until such time as the insurance markets stabilise. legco.gov.hk |
安理会第 1970(2011)号决议决定，旅行禁令和资产冻结应适用于被委员会指 认的以下个人和实体：(a) [...] 参与或合谋下令、掌控或以其他方式指挥对阿拉伯利 [...] 比亚民众国境内的人施行重大侵犯人权行为，包括参与或合谋计划、指挥、下 令或进行违反国际法的针对平民和 民用 设 施的袭击，包括用飞机进行轰炸者； 或(b) [...] 为(a)分段所述个人或实体或代表他们或按他们的指示行事者。 daccess-ods.un.org | In its resolution 1970 (2011), the Council decided that the travel ban and asset freeze should apply to the individuals and entities designated by the Committee (a) involved in or complicit in ordering, controlling or otherwise directing, the commission of serious human rights abuses against persons in Libya, including by being involved in or complicit in planning, commanding, ordering or conducting attacks, in violation of [...] international law, including aerial [...] bombardments, on civilian populations and facilities, [...]or (b) acting for or on behalf of [...]or at the direction of individuals or entities identified in subparagraph (a). daccess-ods.un.org |
此外，第 2017(2011)号决议规定专家小组的任务是，协助委员会与反恐怖主 [...] 义委员会执行局合作，协同包括国际 民用 航 空 组织(民航组织)在内的其他相关联 [...] 合国机构，与国际和区域组织及实体协商，评估从利比亚扩散的所有各类军火和 相关物资，尤其是便携式地对空导弹，在该区域造成的威胁和挑战，特别是与恐 [...] 怖主义有关的威胁和挑战，并向安理会提交一份工作文件，说明应对这一威胁和 防止军火和相关物资扩散的建议，其中包括安全处置这些军火和相关物资、确保 安全和有保障地管理相关库存、加强边界管制和加强运输安全的措施。 daccess-ods.un.org | In addition, in resolution 2017 (2011) the Panel of Experts was tasked with assisting the Committee which would, in cooperation with the Counter-Terrorism Executive Directorate, and working with other [...] relevant United Nations bodies including [...] the International Civil Aviation Organization [...](ICAO), and in consultation with international [...]and regional organizations and entities, assess the threats and challenges, in particular related to terrorism, posed by the proliferation of all arms and related materiel of all types, in particular man-portable surface-to-air missiles, from Libya, in the region, and submit a working document to the Council on proposals to counter this threat, and to prevent the proliferation of arms and related materiel, including measures to secure those arms and related materiel, to ensure that stockpiles are managed safely and securely, to strengthen border control and to enhance transport security. daccess-ods.un.org |
采取 一切可行的预防措施，以避免并无论如何减少平民生命附带受损失，平民受伤害 和民用物体受损害。 daccess-ods.un.org | All feasible precautions must be taken to avoid, and in any event to minimise incidental loss of civilian life, injury to civilians and damage to civilian objects. daccess-ods.un.org |
所幸的是，各国不需要投资昂贵而复杂的燃料循环 技术，因为市场能够确保提供足够的 民用 核 燃 料， 而国际核燃料库则可以为核燃料供应提供额外保 证。 daccess-ods.un.org | Fortunately, States did not need to invest in costly and complex fuel cycle technologies, because the [...] market was capable of ensuring adequate [...] nuclear fuel for civilian uses, and international [...]nuclear fuel banks could provide added assurance of supply. daccess-ods.un.org |
此外知识产权保护范围的扩大的确带来限制 农 民 再 利 用 、 交 换和出售种子 的权利，而这是农民用于保 存和发展植物基因资源的传统习惯。 iprcommission.org | Moreover, the extension of intellectual property protection does carry the risk of restricting farmers’ rights to reuse, exchange and sell seed, the very practices which form the basis of their traditional role in conservation and development. iprcommission.org |
至于后处理厂从军用转为民用，国 际经验 显示，为压水堆所用铀―钚混合燃料和增值反应堆所用钚燃料生产钚成本高，而 且往往不可靠。 daccess-ods.un.org | As for converting [...] from military to civilian reprocessing, international experience shows that producing plutonium for use as mixed uraniumplutonium [...](MOX) fuel [...]in PWRs and plutonium fuel for breeder reactors is costly and often unreliable. daccess-ods.un.org |
但是，也有豁免履行此项义 [...] 务的例外情况，或允许采取替代性措施，例如与特殊就业中心或从事个体职业的 残疾人签订商业合同或民用合同 ，或建立劳动飞地以促进残疾人保护就业并有利 [...]于其进入常规职业市场。 daccess-ods.un.org | Exemptions from this obligation are permitted in exceptional circumstances or where alternative [...] arrangements are in place, such as the conclusion of a [...] commercial or civil contract with [...]a special employment centre or a self-employed [...]worker with a disability, or the creation of a labour enclave established to promote sheltered employment for persons with disabilities and facilitate their transition to ordinary employment. daccess-ods.un.org |
对于攻击的一方来说，这包括尽一切可能核实被 攻击的目标既不是平民，也不是民用 物 体 ，同时不进 行那种不分青红皂白的攻击，包括预计可能会造成非 [...] 有意的平民伤亡攻击，而这种伤亡超过了具体攻击所 期望获得的具体和直接的军事优势。 daccess-ods.un.org | For those launching attacks, this includes doing everything feasible to [...] verify that the objectives to be attacked [...] are neither civilians nor civilian objects and [...]refraining from any indiscriminate attacks, [...]including those that may be expected to cause incidental civilian casualties that would be excessive in relation to the concrete and direct military advantage anticipated from that specific attack. daccess-ods.un.org |
(e) 参与全球导航卫星系统国际委员会的工作，该委员会是作为一个非官 方机构设立的，目的是推动在就民用 卫 星 定位、导航和定时服务、商业服务及 [...] 全球导航卫星系统所属各系统的兼容性和互操作性方面所共同关心的事项开展 合作。 daccess-ods.un.org | Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG), which was set up as an unofficial body to [...] promote cooperation on matters of mutual [...] interest related to civilian satellite-based [...]positioning, navigation and timing services, [...]commercial services and the compatibility and interoperability of ICG systems. daccess-ods.un.org |
在此情况下，为了有效管理和实施医疗保健系统改进措施，摩尔多瓦开始 [...] 重点关注医疗保健政策的制定与实施、医疗保健政策实施计划的制定、将未投保 [...] 的居民纳入强制性医疗保险、初级医疗保健服务机构的修复与医疗保健设施的供 应、医院必备设施的供应、增加居民(其中包括农村 居 民)用 药 政策的制定、基本 药物报销机制的完善等。 daccess-ods.un.org | Thus, to manage and implement the measures of improvement of the healthcare system emphasis is made on the development and implementation of the healthcare policies, development of action programmes for their implementation, inclusion of noninsured population in the system of mandatory healthcare insurance, rehabilitation and supply with equipment and sanitary transport of the primary healthcare institutions, supply of hospitals with necessary equipment, development of [...] policies to increase [...] access of the population to medicine, including the rural population and improvement [...]of the compensatory mechanisms for medicine. daccess-ods.un.org |
Verdonik 先生对调查结果进 行了总结，指出一些国家表明其服务国内和国际市场的航空公司是通过国外供 应商提供的哈龙来填充它们飞机上的灭火器，并且一些国家未发现其国内有任 何公司为航空灭火器回收利用哈龙，因此根据初步的回复情况可得出的结论 是，很多国家并不是依赖自己国内的哈龙储备，而是依赖某几个向全球航空业 提供哈龙的国家的哈龙供应来满足 民用 航 空 的需求。 conf.montreal-protocol.org | Mr. Verdonik summarized the survey results, noting that some States had indicated that their airlines, which serviced both domestic and international markets, said that foreign suppliers provided the halon to fill the fire extinguishers in their fleets and that some States were unaware of any company that recycled halon for aviation fire extinguishers within their country, and therefore, on the basis of those initial replies, it was likely that many States depended on the availability of halon in the few countries that supplied the aviation industry as a whole, and not on stocks within their own States. conf.montreal-protocol.org |
我们呼吁所有各方以负责任的方式行事，以满足 [...] 加沙人民实现复苏的需求，重建将成为加沙复苏推动 力量的民用私有部门。 daccess-ods.un.org | We call on all parties to act responsibly to meet the [...] recovery needs of the people of Gaza and to [...] rebuild Gaza’s civilian private sector, [...]which will be the engine of Gaza’s recovery. daccess-ods.un.org |
哈龙技术选择委员会的共同主席 Daniel Verdonik 先生提供了第 XXII/11 [...] 号决定的后续更新信息，包括技经评估组和该委员会为使国 际 民用 航 空 组织 （国际民航组织）参与停止使用哈龙的行动所做出的努力。 conf.montreal-protocol.org | Mr. Daniel Verdonik, co-chair of the Halons Technical Options Committee, provided a follow-on update on decision XXII/11 on the efforts of the [...] Panel and the Committee in engaging with the [...] International Civil Aviation Organization [...](ICAO) in the transition from the use of halon. conf.montreal-protocol.org |
条约监控的活动中不得包括技术转让或两用装备，因为这将妨碍其多 种 民用 用途，进而阻碍发展中国家的发展。 daccess-ods.un.org | The treaty must not include technology [...] transfer or dual-use equipment among the activities to be monitored as this would hinder their many civil uses, and therefore [...]the progress of developing countries. daccess-ods.un.org |
经济及社会理事会在其第 2011/35 [...] 号决议中请毒品和犯罪问题办公室与活跃 在法医领域的其他国际组织，包括国际电信联盟及其身份管理问题牵头研究 [...] 组、国际刑事警察组织(国际刑警组织)和国 际 民用 航 空组织展开合作，合作领域 包括确定文件技术标准、对欺诈文件进行司法鉴定以及汇集可用于进行模式分 [...]析和预防身份相关犯罪的数据。 daccess-ods.un.org | In its resolution 2011/35, the Economic and Social Council invited UNODC to cooperate with other international organizations active in the field of forensics, including the International Telecommunication Union and its Lead Study Group on Identity Management, as well as the International [...] Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL) and the [...] International Civil Aviation Organization, [...]in areas such as the setting of technical [...]standards for documents, the forensic examination of fraudulent documents and the compilation of data that could be used for pattern analysis and the prevention of identity-related crime. daccess-ods.un.org |
洪都拉斯还向《蒙特利尔议定书》多边基金执行委员会提交了关于在洪都 [...] 拉斯淘汰氯氟烃的国家方案，在此基础上，国家将为那些大量使用这种物质的行 业提供帮助，推进民用制冷 设备使用碳氢化合物等替代产品，加强法律建设，进 [...] 一步履行《蒙特利尔议定书》规定的国家义务。 daccess-ods.un.org | Honduras has presented to the Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund of the Montreal Protocol a national proposal for the elimination of CFC in Honduras, whereby support will be given to the sectors with the highest consumption of CFC and the conversion of [...] domestic refrigerating equipment will be [...] encouraged, or else the use of substitute substances [...]such as hydrocarbons, and the legal [...]framework and national initiatives to comply with domestic obligations under the Montreal Protocol will be reinforced. daccess-ods.un.org |
缔约国在巴勒斯坦被占领领土上应不折不扣地尊重人道主义法的准则，摒弃其封 锁政策；紧急批准所有重建家园和 民用 基 础 设施所需的建筑材料输送进入加沙地 [...] 带，从而确保尊重巴勒斯坦人依据《公约》享有的住房、教育、保健、供水和卫 生设施权。 daccess-ods.un.org | The State party should fully respect the norms of humanitarian law in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, rescind its blockade policy and urgently allow all [...] construction materials necessary for [...] rebuilding homes and civilian infrastructures [...]into the Gaza Strip so as to ensure respect [...]for Palestinians’ right to housing, education, health, water and sanitation in compliance with the Convention. daccess-ods.un.org |
(c) 任何可能制订的条约必须避免列入武器或武器系统的部件和(或)组成 部分，或限制双重用途的产品和组件可能 给 民用 工 业 带来很多障碍，并与很多发 展中国家的工业和发展目标相违背。 daccess-ods.un.org | (c) Any potential treaty must avoid the inclusion of parts and/or components of weapons or weapons [...] systems, or the [...] restriction of dual-use goods and components can result in extensive hurdles to civil industry and contradict [...]with the industrial [...]and developmental aims of many developing States. daccess-ods.un.org |
随着民航运输业的迅猛发展及空管业务需求的不断增长，中 国 民用 航 空 局空中交通管理局于2004年底建成了基于ATM信元交换为核心技术的民航数据网，这张网是针对原有民航分组交换网（X.25网）和民航帧中继网在使用中存在不足的条件下建设的，网络建设从2002年启动，到2004年10月建设完成并开始试运行。 surekam.com | As China’s civil aviation industry and the air control demand grew rapidly, Air Traffic Management Bureau of Civil Aviation Administration of China (Hereinafter referred to as CAAC/ATMB) established a data network based on ATM cell switching technology at the end of 2004 to complement the original packet switching network (X.25 network) and frame relay network. surekam.com |
在各国根据国际法有义务保护包括学校在内 的 民用 机 构 的规定方面，委员 会敦促缔约国履行国际法固有的义务，确保学校成为和平区，成为培养对普遍人 [...] 权的追求探索和尊重的地方；确保学校免遭武装人员的军事攻击或占领，或用作 征兵中心。 daccess-ods.un.org | With reference to the obligation under international law for [...] States to protect civil institutions, including [...]schools, the Committee urges States [...]parties to fulfil their obligation inherent therein to ensure schools as zones of peace and places where intellectual curiosity and respect for universal human rights is fostered; and to ensure that schools are protected from military attacks or seizure by militants or use as centres for recruitment. daccess-ods.un.org |
将这些设施 转为民用生产 ，对其开展保障措施检查可能会揭露各类信息，包括：生产能力和 历史、裂变材料的同位素组成、技术谱系以及安全和安保问题。 daccess-ods.un.org | Converting [...] these facilities to civilian use and opening them to [...]safeguards inspections may reveal various kinds of information: [...]including production capacity and history, the isotopics of fissile material, the genealogy of technologies, and problems of safety and security. daccess-ods.un.org |
在这一过程当中，国际民航组织吸取了各种来源的专长，这些来源包括世界卫生组织（联合国负 [...] 责防备规划的牵头机构）、其他若干个联合国机构、欧 洲 民用 航 空会议、美国疾病控制和预防中心、 [...] 国际航空运输协会、国际机场理事会以及本组织成员国。 capsca.org | In the process, ICAO has drawn on expertise from a wide variety of sources, including the World Health Organization (the lead United Nations agency for [...] preparedness planning), several other UN [...] agencies, the European Civil Aviation Conference, [...]the United States Centres for Disease [...]Control and Prevention, the International Air Transport Association, Airports Council International as well as Member States of the Organization. capsca.org |
此外，密克罗尼西亚联邦是下列七项国际反恐怖主义公约 和议定书的缔约国：1971 年《关于制止危害民用航空 安全的非法行为的公约》； 1973 年《关于防止和惩处侵害应受国际保护人员包括外交代表的罪行的公约》； 1979 年《反对劫持人质国际公约》；1988 年《制止在为国际民用航空服务的机场 上的非法暴力行为的议定书》；1988 年《制止危及海上航行安全非法行为公约》； 1997 年《制止恐怖主义爆炸的国际公约》；1999 年《制止向恐怖主义提供资助的 国际公约》。 daccess-ods.un.org | Moreover, the FSM is a state party to seven international conventions and protocols on counter-terrorism: the 1971 Convention for the Suppression [...] of Unlawful Acts [...] against the Safety of Civil Aviation; the 1973 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Crimes against Internationally Protected Persons, including Diplomatic Agents; the 1979 International Convention against the Taking of Hostages; the 1988 Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts of Violence at Airports Serving International Civil Aviation; the 1988 [...]Convention for the [...]Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime Navigation; the 1997 International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings; and the 1999 International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism. daccess-ods.un.org |
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