| 单词 | 正当性 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 正当性 noun —legitimacy n正当性 —(political) legitimacySee also:正当—reasonable • honest • timely • just (when needed) • sensible 正正 adv—exactly adv
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国家为限制规则的正当性提出 的理由必须 是“恰当和充足的”，规则本身也必须“符合所追求的目标。 unesdoc.unesco.org | The reasons given by the State to justify the restriction must be “relevant and sufficient” and the restriction must be “proportionate to the aim pursued. unesdoc.unesco.org |
但是，推迟公开文件的依据中若至少包含“造成危害”这 一部分则会更好，这样一来只有在披露文件会造成某种危害时，禁止披露才具 有 正当性。 unesdoc.unesco.org | At the same time, it would be preferable if this ground for deferral at least had a harm [...] component built into it, so that [...] non-disclosure could be justified only where disclosure would cause harm of some sort. unesdoc.unesco.org |
向冲突后局势中的平民提供充分的安全保障，对于联合国维持和平特派团 的正当性和公 信力，以及最终对整个本组织，都至关重要。 daccess-ods.un.org | Providing adequate security to [...] civilians in post-conflict situations is [...] critical to the legitimacy and credibility [...]of the United Nations peacekeeping operations [...]and ultimately, to the Organization as a whole. daccess-ods.un.org |
一些发言者指出，加强 [...] 发展中国家和转型国家在现行国际机构和安排中的代表权，将有助于提高这些机 构及其决定的正当性。 daccess-ods.un.org | Some speakers noted that enhanced representation of developing and transition economies in existing [...] international institutions and arrangements would [...] help to promote the legitimacy of those institutions [...]and their decisions. daccess-ods.un.org |
20 国集团对 2008 [...] 年全球经济和金融危机迅速采 取了对策，但它缺乏联合国所具有的 正当性 ， 因 而不 能代替本组织的作用和职能。 daccess-ods.un.org | The G-20 produced a speedy response to the 2008 [...] global economic and financial crisis, [...] but it lacks the legitimacy of the United Nations [...]and cannot be a substitute for the [...]Organization’s role and functions. daccess-ods.un.org |
最后，我要呼吁我们大家抱着紧迫感建设性地参 [...] 与实质性谈判，以便我们能够使安全理事会这一联合 国的关键机关适应当今世界的新现实和挑战，确保其 在 21 世纪发挥作用并具有正当性。 daccess-ods.un.org | Let me conclude by appealing to all of us to engage constructively in the substantive negotiations with a sense of urgency, so that we will be able to adapt the Security Council, the key organ of the United [...] Nations, to the new realities and challenges of today’s world and [...] ensure its role and legitimacy in the twentyfirst [...]century. daccess-ods.un.org |
如果没有妇女的积极参与，持久和 平的三大支柱——经济恢复、社会团结和政 治 正当性 ——就不可能实现。 daccess-ods.un.org | The three pillars of lasting peace — economic recovery, social cohesion [...] and political legitimacy — cannot be [...]achieved without the active engagement of women. daccess-ods.un.org |
和其他任何一种法律秩序一样，全球集体安全系统的 效用最终不仅取决于决定的合法性，还取决于对决定的 正当性的一致认同。 crisisgroup.org | The effectiveness of the global collective security system, as with any other [...] legal order, depends ultimately not [...] only on the legality of decisions but also on the common perception of their legitimacy. crisisgroup.org |
捷克共和国是坚信有效多边主义的中等大小国 家，它支持这样的解决办法，这种办法将一方面实现 [...] 安理会适应当今世界现实与加强安理 会 正当性 之间的平衡，另一方面提高其效力以及履行维护全球和平 [...]与安全这一主要责任的能力。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Czech Republic, a mid-sized country that strongly believes in effective multilateralism, supports such a solution, which would balance the adaptation of the Council to the [...] realities of today’s world and the [...] strengthening of its legitimacy on the one hand, [...]with an increase of its effectiveness [...]and capability to fulfil its primary responsibility to maintain global peace and security on the other hand. daccess-ods.un.org |
我们若是固执僵化地坚持要 增加常任理事国，就会丧失应对未来不断变化的政治 和经济形势所需的灵活性和正当性。 daccess-ods.un.org | If we were to commit ourselves to the rigidity of having [...] additional permanent members, we would [...] lose the flexibility and legitimacy necessary to [...]adapt to the changing political and [...]economic landscape of the future. daccess-ods.un.org |
援助结构需要改变，以确保 包容性和正当性，并 纠正捐助方与受援方关系中的权力失衡。 daccess-ods.un.org | Changes are required in the aid architecture to ensure [...] inclusiveness and legitimacy as well as to redress [...]the power imbalances in donor-recipient relations. daccess-ods.un.org |
法国问如何具 体 保证受害者的权利，建议哥伦比 亚(a) 重新与公民社会代表进行对话，以协调和迅速执行《人权和国际人道主义法 国家行动计划》；(b) 采取有效措施，大大减少法外处决事件，并在普通法庭审判 责任者；(c) 承 认和保证人权捍卫者、工会工作者和新闻工作者工作 的 正当性 ，确 保 对他们 的 保护， 并 对 侵犯其权利者进行起诉。 daccess-ods.un.org | France recommended that Colombia (a) reopen dialogue with the representatives of civil society organizations to allow coordinated and rapid implementation of the National Plan of Action on Human Rights and International Humanitarian Law; (b) take effective measures to significantly reduce the number of extrajudicial executions and bring those responsible before civil jurisdictions; and (c) recognize and guarantee the legitimacy of the work of human rights defenders, as that of trade unions workers and journalists, and ensure their protection and that the violations of their rights are prosecuted. daccess-ods.un.org |
改进“人的安全” [...] 能直接和积极地影响人们的日常生活，因而可以产生更立即和具体的成果，有助 于增强政府和其他行为体所采取行动 的 正当性。 daccess-ods.un.org | Improvements in human security directly and positively impact people’s daily lives and as a result give rise to [...] more immediate and tangible results that [...] help strengthen the legitimacy of actions taken [...]by Governments and other actors. daccess-ods.un.org |
毕竟，正当性 和公 信力是业绩的产物，并根据满足期望的情况发 展。 daccess-ods.un.org | After all, legitimacy and credibility [...] are products of performance and develop in line with the fulfilment of expectations. daccess-ods.un.org |
虽然世界银行的方法没有得到全面评价(尽管进行了一些细致的辩 [...] 论)，但正是这种治理定义引发了最多的批评，因为它被认为与任何“政治制度” [...] 或“政治”的定义一样宽泛，涵盖了公共权力的取得问题和行使问题，把与当局 政治正当性有关 的问题与关于其有效领导和统治一个社会的能力的问题混为一 [...] 谈，而且最后还是从主要在意于经济增长的政府角度看待治理。 daccess-ods.un.org | While the World Bank methodology has not been fully evaluated (even if fine debates take place), it is the governance definition that triggers most of the criticism, as it is regarded as being as broad as any definition of “political regime” or “politics”; covers issues of access and issues of exercise of public [...] power; mixes up questions related to [...] the political legitimacy of authorities with questions [...]related to its capacity to lead [...]and rule a society effectively; and finally maintains a governmental perspective of governance interested mainly in economic growth. daccess-ods.un.org |
此外，以色列继续无视联合国和国际社会 的正 当性、公信力和意志，加剧了人民的仇恨感，使得这 [...] 一敏感地区更难以实现和平。 daccess-ods.un.org | In addition, Israel’s continued [...] disregard for the legitimacy, credibility and [...]will of the United Nations and the international [...]community aggravates feelings of hatred and makes peace even more difficult to achieve in that sensitive region. daccess-ods.un.org |
由此，有损联合国权力和集体正当性 职 能 的行动 均 会 在 一 定 程 度 上 降 低 它 限 制 暴 力 冲 突 的 能 力 。 crisisgroup.org | Consequently, behaviour that erodes [...] the UN’s authority and collective legitimisation function can be reasonably expected to lower its [...]ability to limit violent conflict. crisisgroup.org |
在此情况下，厄立特里亚政府申明的政策就是反对 2008 年 8 月 18 日的《吉 [...] 布提协定》，否认根据该进程设立的过渡联邦政府的合 法 性 和 正当性 ， 并 呼吁驱 逐以摩加迪沙为基地的非索特派团部队。 daccess-ods.un.org | In this context, it has been the stated policy of the Government of Eritrea to oppose the [...] Djibouti agreement of 18 August 2008, [...] deny the legality and legitimacy of the Transitional [...]Federal Government established [...]pursuant to that process, and call for the expulsion of the AMISOM forces based in Mogadishu. daccess-ods.un.org |
我们深信，提高程序的明确性和公平性，将使 1267 委员会的工作更具正当性，从 而更加有效。 daccess-ods.un.org | We are convinced that clearer and fairer procedures render the work of the 1267 Committee more legitimate and thus more effective. daccess-ods.un.org |
当局经常利用与国家安全 或诽谤国家首脑有关的动机来试图证明任意逮捕和拘留 的 正当性。 daccess-ods.un.org | Motives related to State security or [...] defamation of the Head of State are [...] regularly evoked by the authorities in an attempt to [...]justify arbitrary arrests and detentions. daccess-ods.un.org |
另外，被指为“生物盗版”也是一种耻辱，这也可以刺激各个组织努力保证 其活动的正当性。 iprcommission.org | In addition, the stigma of being identified as a “bio-pirate” may also be an incentive for organisations to [...] ensure the probity of their activities. iprcommission.org |
联合国系统整体的正当性不仅与它在军队使用方面的 权力紧密相关［Jean-Marc Coicaud，《国际民主文化及 其正 当 性的 来 源》 ， 摘自 Jean-Marc Coicaud & Veijo Heiskanen（编），《国际组织的正当性 》 （ 东京，2001 年），第266页］，而且国际社会广泛认同，联合国系 统在减少暴力冲突领域做出了重要贡献［人类安全中 心 ， 《 2005 年 人 类 安 全 报 告 》 （ 牛 津 ， 2006 年 ） ； Christian Reus-Smit，《自由等级与武力使用许可》， 《 国 际 研 究 评 论 》 ， 第 [...] 31 期 （ 2005 年 ） ， 第 71-92 页］。 crisisgroup.org | Not only is the legitimacy of the UN system as a whole is closely related to its authority on the use of military force (Jean-Marc Coicaud, “International Democratic Culture and its Sources of Legitimacy”, in Jean-Marc Coicaud & Veijo Heiskanen (eds.), The Legitimacy of International [...] Organizations (Tokyo, [...]2001), p. 266) but there is broad agreement that the UN system has made an important contribution to reducing violent conflict (Human Security Centre, Human Security Report 2005 (Oxford, 2006); Christian Reus-Smit, “Liberal Hierarchy and the License to Use Force”, Review of International Studies, no. 31 (2005), pp. 71-92). crisisgroup.org |
在结束发言之前，我要简要地谈谈同我们内部工 [...] 作文化多少有关的另一个问题，它对安理会作出的决 定的正当性和可信性来说也极其重要。 daccess-ods.un.org | Before concluding, I would like to touch very briefly upon another issue that is somewhat pertinent to our [...] internal working culture, but is also of critical [...] importance to the legitimacy and credibility [...]of the Council’s decisions. daccess-ods.un.org |
为了维 护其广受公认的正当性，第1540(2004)号决议所设委 员会及其专家组必须以透明方式采取行动，特别是加 [...] 强与联合国广大会员国的对话。 daccess-ods.un.org | In order to preserve its [...] widely recognized legitimacy, the Committee [...]established pursuant to resolution 1540 (2004) and [...]its Group of Experts must continue to act in a transparent way and in particular reinforce their dialogue with the wider United Nations membership. daccess-ods.un.org |
为了保持安理会在该领域行动的 正当性 和 效率， 安全理事会本身更必须在其工作中坚持法治的基本 [...] 原则。 daccess-ods.un.org | In order [...] to maintain the legitimacy and effectiveness [...]of the Council’s action in this field, it is all the more important [...]for the Security Council itself to adhere to the fundamental principles of the rule of law in the conduct of its work. daccess-ods.un.org |
如果 按字面意思理解，全球“反恐战争”的想法将意味着，可以用国际人道主义规则 [...] 来证明任何时候在世界上任何国家进行的定点清除具 有 正当性 ， 这就意味着整个 世界都是战场；是一场没有边界的战争。 daccess-ods.un.org | The idea of a global “war on terror”, if taken literally, would imply that [...] international humanitarian rules can be [...] used to justify targeted killings in any [...]country in the world, at any time, which [...]would mean the entire globe is a theatre of war; a war without borders. daccess-ods.un.org |
他最近会见 了安全理事会制裁基地组织和塔利班委员会的监察 员，并将彻底审查工作方法及当前正在接受调查的 案件的结果，以确认已取得的进展，并确定和解决 差距，包括各国与监察员共同制定议定书以共享用 以证明将个人纳入初始名单正当性的 分 类信息的必 要性。 daccess-ods.un.org | He had recently met with the ombudsperson of the Al-Qaida and Taliban Sanctions Committee of the Security Council, and would be conducting a thorough review of the working methodology and of the outcomes in the cases currently being investigated, with a view to recognizing the progress made, but also to identifying and addressing gaps, including the need for States to engage with the ombudsperson to develop a protocol for the sharing of classified information used to justify the inclusion of individuals in the list in the first instance. daccess-ods.un.org |
只有一个貌似有理的答案：误导联合国和整个国际社 会，把亚美尼亚描绘成“侵略者”或“占领者”，以转移对阿塞拜疆长期反对纳 戈尔诺-卡拉巴赫和亚美尼亚的敌对行动的注意力，为证明阿塞拜疆追求军事解 决纳戈尔诺-卡拉巴赫问题的正当性奠 定 基础。 daccess-ods.un.org | There can only be one plausible answer: to mislead the United Nations and the entire international community and portray the Armenian side as an “aggressor” or “occupier” in order to deflect Azerbaijan’s constant belligerent actions towards Nagorno Karabakh and Armenia and to lay the groundwork to justify Azerbaijan’s aspirations for a military solution to the Nagorno Karabakh issue. daccess-ods.un.org |
关于人权捍卫者受到大量威胁和攻击问题，捷克共和国建议哥伦比亚(a) 采 取 进一步 措施，有效保护他 们 的人身 安 全 ， 消 除 对 侵 害他们 的 犯罪分子 不 加 处 罚 的情况；采取 具 体 步骤防止对他们 [...] 的人身 攻击，提高公众 和 官 员对倡 导人权工作 的 重 要 性和正当性的意识。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Czech Republic recommended, in relation to the high numbers of threats and attacks against human rights defenders, (a) the adoption of further measures to ensure effective protection of their personal safety, elimination of impunity of perpetrators of crimes against them, the adoption of concrete steps against their stigmatization and the promotion [...] of awarenessraising programmes for the public and officials about the [...] importance and legitimacy of human rights [...]advocacy. daccess-ods.un.org |
即便在工业发展的正当性受到 质疑之时，1992 年在巴西里约热内卢 举行的联合国环境与发展会议的一个核心设想也是要以保护环境造福子孙后代 [...] 的方式增加工业生产力。 daccess-ods.un.org | Even as the validity of industrial development was being questioned, [...] the model of sustainable development adopted at the [...]United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992, contained at its core a vision of increasing industrial productivity in a way that safeguards the environment for future generations. daccess-ods.un.org |
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