| 单词 | 放牧法 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 放牧法 noun —code rural nSee also:放牧 v—graze v • herd v 放牧 n—pastoralism n 放牧—graze (livestock) • herd (livestock) 牧—government official (old) • govern (old) • surname Mu • breed livestock
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斯堪 的纳维亚各国已经通过此类驯鹿 放牧法。 daccess-ods.un.org | The reindeer husbandry legislation in the Scandinavian countries is an example of such legislation. daccess-ods.un.org |
土地退化是由砍伐森林、过度放牧、 非 法 采 伐 、 低投资等一系列相互关联的因素造成的。 daccess-ods.un.org | Land degradation is caused by an array of interrelated factors, including [...] deforestation, overgrazing, illegal logging and [...]low investment. daccess-ods.un.org |
可以通过放牧方法的战 术和战略改变，来改善气候演变和变化对驯鹿放牧生 产力的潜在影响。 daccess-ods.un.org | The potential impact of climate variation and change on the [...] productivity of herds can be ameliorated [...]by tactical and strategic changes in herding practice. daccess-ods.un.org |
2009 年在挪威举行的第四届 世界驯鹿牧民大会通过的《凯于图凯努宣言》23 明确指出，俄罗斯联邦应制订联 邦驯鹿放牧法，为鹿放牧权 利权、牧场保护和驯鹿所有权等问题作出规定。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Kautokeino Declaration23 adopted by the 4th World Reindeer Herders’ Congress held in Kautokeino, Norway, in 2009 [...] expresses explicitly the need [...] for a federal law in the Russian Federation on reindeer husbandry, addressing reindeer herding rights, the protection of pastures and the ownership [...]of reindeer. daccess-ods.un.org |
27 然而，由于缺乏执行《农村 法》的手段，以及对该法偏向农业的批评，因此人们呼吁制定新的 《 放牧法 》， 要求新的法律更加关注游牧和半游牧放牧者的各种具体问题。 daccess-ods.un.org | In the Niger, these issues are addressed in the code rural, which set out clear rules for access to resources and sets up clearly marked corridors and areas of pasture in order to minimize conflict.27 The means to implement the code rural are, however, sorely lacking and criticism of the bias towards agriculture in it has given rise to calls for a new code pastoral that focuses more attention on the different and very specific problems of nomadic and semi-nomadic pastoralists.28 daccess-ods.un.org |
農場採用天然放牧飼養法，讓動物自由食用零污染的豐美牧草慢慢長大，令到Rhug Farm的天然肉品質一流及口感豐富。 yp.mo | To achieve the tender and succulent quality of the Rhug Estate’s award-winning meat, all of the [...] animals on the organic farm [...]are raised in a “free range” environment, and graze on fertile pastures that are rich in clover and herbs. yp.mo |
过度放牧和使用不良耕作方法降低 了土壤的蓄水能力，土壤保护不当导致土 壤退化，这类活动加剧了荒漠化的影响。 daccess-ods.un.org | The impact of drought is exacerbated by activities such [...] as overgrazing and using poor cropping methods, which reduce the [...]water retention of the soil, [...]and improper soil conservation techniques, which lead to soil degradation.40 Desertification adversely affects agricultural productivity, the health of humans as well as that of livestock, and economic activities such as ecotourism (see box 17). daccess-ods.un.org |
缔约国应当在有关土地和放牧权的法 院 争端中为萨米村庄提供充分的 法律援助，并实施立法，在有关萨米土地 和 放 牧 权 的案件中规定灵活的举证 责任，特别是在其他当事方拥有相关信息的情况下。 daccess-ods.un.org | The State party should grant adequate legal aid to Saami villages in court disputes [...] concerning land and grazing rights and introduce legislation providing for a flexible burden of proof in cases regarding Saami land and grazing rights, especially [...]where other parties possess relevant information. daccess-ods.un.org |
植树造林和重新造林、更好的土地管理做法(例如，保 护 性 耕作以及在退化的农 田和牧场恢复农林业)以及更好的畜牧 业 管理 做 法 ， 均可极大地促进碳 排 放 量 减 少。 daccess-ods.un.org | Afforestation and reforestation, better land management practices, such as conservation tillage and agroforestry [...] rehabilitation of [...] degraded crop and pasture land and better livestock management practices, can all contribute significantly to reducing carbon emissions. daccess-ods.un.org |
挪威对牧鹿法律中 有关在法庭争端中向驯鹿牧民提供充 分 法 律 援助 的规定进行了调整，并出台了新的法 律 ，就有关萨米土地 和 放牧 权 利 案件的灵活 举证责任作出了规定。 daccess-ods.un.org | In Norway, [...] the reindeer legislation has been adjusted concerning adequate legal aid to reindeer herders in court disputes and introduces legislation providing for a flexible burden of proof in cases regarding Saami land and grazing rights. daccess-ods.un.org |
目前的驯鹿饲养有三种组织结构：(a) 作为牧场土地正式使用者的 大型驯鹿放牧企业 (前苏联国家农业组织)；(b) 称为公社(或 obshchiny)并向国 家报告牧场使用情况的个体牧民组织 法 人 实 体；(c) 不属于任何法律实体的个体 牧民(所谓的家庭个体)。 daccess-ods.un.org | Currently reindeer husbandry is organized in three structures: (a) large reindeer herding enterprises (the former Soviet State agricultural [...] organization), which are the official pasture land users; [...] (b) private herders, who are organized as legal entities called communities (or obshchiny ), which inform the State about the pastures they are using; (c) private herders (so-called individual households), who are not a part of any legal entity. daccess-ods.un.org |
有機農場並無使用經基因改造的植物或動物，同時嚴禁使用殺蟲劑，純粹透過一個改 善 放牧、 繁殖、飼養及營養的全面方法來提 高牛隻的健康，過程中不含任何荷爾蒙，亦不會定期使用抗 生素。 annafangpr.com | The organic farms do not use genetically modified plants or animals, prohibit the use of [...] pesticides and optimise cow [...] health by using a holistic approach to their grazing, breeding, rearing and nutrition [...]without hormones [...]or the routine use of antibiotics. annafangpr.com |
未放年假薪酬及未放法定假 日薪酬 各自或兩者合共的款額，均不超逾10,500元。 legco.gov.hk | Neither the amount of pay for untaken annual leave nor the amount of pay [...] for untaken statutory holidays, nor [...]the total amount of the two, may exceed $10,500. legco.gov.hk |
很多贝都因家庭过去已经成为难民， [...] 他们的儿童面对着因为以下原因而失去家园和全部生活方式的极为困难的挑战： 被迫放弃其放牧传统 ，得不到对与维护个人尊严和权利相关的公民的保护。 daccess-ods.un.org | Bedouin children, most of whose families have already been made refugees in the past, face the particularly difficult challenge of losing their homes and entire way [...] of life as a result of this forced [...] abandonment of their herding traditions, as well [...]as being denied the protection of citizenship [...]associated with upholding the dignity and rights of individuals. daccess-ods.un.org |
向联合国森林论坛自愿提供的资料表明，在大多数但非所有情况下，对森林 [...] 生物多样性和实现森林文书全球目标 1 和 3 的主要威胁一直而且依然是破坏生态 [...] 环境、外来物种入侵、森林火灾、森林区块化、过 度 放牧 、 风 害、气候变化对森 林生态系统的不利影响、更为频繁的自然灾害、需要更多的木材和木材残渣生成 [...] 能源、对生物燃料的需求、木材行业和能源行业争夺来自森林的木材原料，缺乏 [...]进行可持续森林管理的财政资源。 daccess-ods.un.org | According to on voluntary information provided for the eighth session of the United Nations Forum on Forests, significant threats to forest biodiversity and the implementation of global objectives 1 and 3 of the forest instrument, in most but not all cases, have been, and continue to be, habitat destruction, [...] invasive alien species, forest fires, forest [...] fragmentation, overgrazing, wind damage, [...]negative impacts of climate change on forest [...]ecosystems, increased frequency of natural disasters, increase in demand for wood and wood residues for energy generation, demand for biofuels, competition for wood raw material from forests (wood-based industries versus energy generation), and lack of financial resources to implement sustainable forest management. daccess-ods.un.org |
它欢迎 [...] 乍得承诺在儿童基金会支持下，建立常设机制，反对剥 削 放牧 的 儿 童。 daccess-ods.un.org | It welcomed Chad’s commitment to set up permanent structures, with the support of UNICEF, against the exploitation [...] of children working as herdsmen. daccess-ods.un.org |
根据国际农业科技和发展评估的建议，推动、支持并鼓励家庭农场开展基于社 区和生物多样性的可持续性有机和生态农业、渔业、林业和 畜 牧 业 做 法 ， 以 巩固粮 食主权。 fao.org | Enable, support and sustain family farms practising community- and biodiversity-based, sustainable, organic [...] and ecological agriculture, [...] fisheries, forestries and pastoralism to ensure food sovereignty, [...]as per recommendations of [...]the International Assessment on Agricultural Science Technology and Development (IAASTD). fao.org |
项目主要集中于通过发展和扩 大保护区系统包括采用更有益于社区的 方 法 保 护自然环境，生物多样性和生态服 务。哈萨克牧民一年四季经常在阿尔泰山高山草场和湿 地 放牧 ， 他 们是这里的主要 利益相关者，也如同青海西北的藏游牧民将会因这一区域收到决策者的直接影响。 plateauperspectives.org | Kazakh herders regularly [...] graze their livestock in the alpine grasslands and wetlands of the Altai Mountains each summer, and thus are central stakeholders in the region – as they will be impacted [...]directly by policy [...]decisions for the area, much like Tibetan pastoralists in southwest Qinghai province. plateauperspectives.org |
井里汶组织的成员听从激进的神职人员巴希尔的训导，还吸收了更激进的认为袭击印尼政府是 合 法 的 牧 师 哈 拉唯·马克姆（Halawi Makmun）的思想。 crisisgroup.org | Its members not only absorbed the teachings of radical clerics like Ba’asyir and the [...] even more radical Halawi Makmun, a preacher who argues that the Indonesian [...] government is a legitimate target for attack. crisisgroup.org |
每年，全球有近 1 300 万公顷的热带雨林被毁， [...] 其主要原因是对木材这种原材料的需求和森林在维 持社区生活方面发挥的作用，或者是为了 给 放牧 、农 业种植或者人类定居让路。 daccess-ods.un.org | Every year, nearly 13 million hectares of tropical rain forest are destroyed globally, largely due to the demand for wood as a raw material [...] and the role the forest plays in sustaining communities, or [...] to make way for grazing, cultivation and [...]human settlements. daccess-ods.un.org |
在 C 区和东耶路撒冷，以色列当局拆除了 66 座 属于巴勒斯坦人拥有的建筑物，导致 100 多人流离失 所，另外还有 [...] 220 人受到影响，特别是影响到脆弱的 放牧群体的生计，同时邻近定居点的建造活动在继续 [...]进行。 daccess-ods.un.org | Israeli authorities demolished 66 Palestinianowned structures in Area C and East Jerusalem, displacing over 100 people and otherwise affecting another [...] 220, particularly impacting the livelihoods [...] of vulnerable herding communities, while [...]construction of adjacent settlements continued. daccess-ods.un.org |
故此， [...] 我們建議擴大破欠基金的保障範圍，以涵蓋未放年假及 未 放法 定 假 日 薪酬，藉以加強受影響僱員在這方面的保障。 legco.gov.hk | Therefore, we propose to expand the scope of the [...] Fund to cover pay for untaken annual leave [...] and untaken statutory holidays so [...]as to strengthen the protection of affected employees in this regard. legco.gov.hk |
为协助 各国对付针对粮食生产的恐怖主义而开展的活动包括：(a) 进行关于食品安全、 动植物健康问题的能力建设(培训班、各种项目),包括促进风险分析和加强基层 能力，以确保国家能够监测、诊断、报告和应对病虫害和疾病的爆发；(b) 食品 标准法典委 员会和国际植物保护公约制定有关标准；(c) 设立一个食物链管理框 架以便对跨界动植物病虫害和疾病造成的食物链危机、粮食安全威胁和紧急情 况，以及对核放射性 威胁级紧急情况，进行预防、预警、防备和应对工作；组织 国际论坛讨论与粮食和农业相关的生物风险管理问题。 daccess-ods.un.org | Specific activities that assisted countries in relation to terrorism targeted at food products included: (a) capacity-building (training courses, projects) concerning food safety, animal and plant health, including promotion of risk analyses and developing base-level capacity to ensure national ability to monitor, diagnose, report and respond to pest and disease outbreaks; (b) the standard [...] setting work of the Codex [...] Alimentarius Commission and the International Plant Protection Convention; (c) the establishment of a Food Chain Crisis Management Framework for prevention, early warning, preparedness and response to food chain crises caused by transboundary animal and plant pests and diseases, food safety threats and emergencies, as well as nuclear and radiological threats and [...]emergencies; and the [...]organization of international forums to discuss biological risk management in relation to food and agriculture. daccess-ods.un.org |
武力升级的办法放映出偏重保护公共秩序；谈判管理的办法侧重维持和 平，应否减少抗议活动的问题，应取决于他人的权利是否受到威胁。 daccess-ods.un.org | The escalated force approach reflects a preference for the protection of public order; the negotiated management approach, which [...] focuses on the preservation [...]of peace, hinges the question as to whether protest should be curtailed on whether the rights of others are threatened. daccess-ods.un.org |
一旦驯鹿放牧人群 证明，更大的地区已用于饲养驯鹿，而所争议的具体 地点构成良好牧场，那么，举证责任就转移到业权人身上，由其证明传统上这一 地点没有进行饲养驯鹿。 daccess-ods.un.org | Once the [...] reindeer herding community had proved that a larger area had been used for reindeer husbandry and that [...]the specific tract in [...]dispute constituted good grazing land, the onus shifted to the title holders to prove that reindeer husbandry had not traditionally been pursued in the tract. daccess-ods.un.org |
这 项宣言的第一条就对农民下了定义，规定农民包括：小型农户、无地农民以及在 [...] 农村地区从事渔业、手工业和服务行业的非农民家庭以及其他以从 事 放牧 、 刀 耕 火种、打猎、采摘或者类似活动为生的人。 daccess-ods.un.org | Its first article gives a definition of a peasant, which includes small-scale farmers, landless peasants and non-agricultural households in rural areas, whose members are engaged in fishing, making crafts for the local market [...] or providing services, and other rural [...] households of pastoralists, nomads, peasants [...]practising shifting cultivation, hunters [...]and gatherers, and people with similar livelihoods. daccess-ods.un.org |
鉴于隔离区和限制区的人口增长和众多的建筑开发工程、农业区 和 放牧 区的 扩大以及平民活动的整体增加，观察员部队由一名民政干事和戈兰观察员小组组 成的民政部门加强了与地方当局的联络和与当地平民的交往，以阐明特派团的任 务和活动。 daccess-ods.un.org | In view of the population growth and multiple construction developments in the areas of separation and limitation, the expansion of agricultural and cattlegrazing areas, and an overall increase in civilian activities, the UNDOF civil affairs capacity, composed of a Civil Affairs Officer and the Observer Group Golan, enhanced its liaison with local authorities and its engagement with local civilians to explain the Mission’s mandate and activities. daccess-ods.un.org |
常设论坛建议，联合国有关机构和拥有驯鹿牧民的国家支持土著驯鹿牧民青 [...] 年和社区教育方案，以在气候变化、土地使用变化以及全球化的背景下确保北极 和亚北极土著驯鹿放牧社会 和文化将来的可持续性和复原能力。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Permanent Forum recommends that the relevant United Nations agencies and Member States with reindeer herding peoples support training and education programmes for indigenous reindeer herding youth and communities in order to secure the future sustainability and [...] resilience of the Arctic and [...] sub-Arctic indigenous pastoral reindeer herding societies and [...]cultures in the face of climate [...]change, land-use change and globalization. daccess-ods.un.org |
如以往根据管理国提供的信息编写的报告所示，近年来农业最显著的变化是 肉类行业得到发展，畜牧方法有所 调整，以便培育出一种可以从羊肉和羊毛两方 面都得到最大回报的双重用途山羊品种。 daccess-ods.un.org | As previously reported based on information provided by the administering Power, the most significant change in agriculture in recent years has been the development of the meat industry and of farming adjusted to produce dual-purpose sheep that will maximize returns from both meat and wool. daccess-ods.un.org |
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