| 单词 | 担保债权人 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 担保债权人 noun —secured creditor nSee also:担保人 n—surety n 担保人 pl—guarantors pl 债权人 n—creditors pl 债权 n—creditor n
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(c) 若有担保债权人是第 21 条所述的人或实体，则根据第 21 条，有担保 债权人的身 份识别特征即为该条所述的人或实体的姓名。 daccess-ods.un.org | (c) If the secured creditor is a person or entity described in article 21, the secured creditor identifier is the name [...] of the person or entity [...]in accordance with article 21. daccess-ods.un.org |
如果有担保债权人不再 对特定类型的设保资产主张担保权，则其必须 将任何直接的受让人或后继人的身份信息提供给设保人或由设保人指定的第三 方。 daccess-ods.un.org | If the secured creditor no longer claims a security right in the particular [...] type of encumbered asset it must provide identification [...]information of any immediate assignee or successor to the grantor or to a third party designated by the grantor. daccess-ods.un.org |
(d) 第 6 段第四句应当说明，登记处制度的设计“必须”能够同时显示最 初有担保债权人和新的有担保债权人。 daccess-ods.un.org | (d) The fourth sentence in paragraph 6 should state that the registry [...] system “must be” designed so that a search result would show both [...] the original secured creditor and the new secured creditor. daccess-ods.un.org |
工作组注意：工作组似宜注意到：(a)根据第 1 款备选案文 C，登记处应当 同时有按数字和姓名编制的索引，查询人员应当能够使用其中某项索引编制标 准进行查询；及(b)插入第 4 段是为了让工作组审议设保人地址问题；及(c)设保 人及有担保债权人或其管理人的地址必须是记录的一部分，但不一定是身份识 别特征的一部分，除非需要补充信息来确定 有 担保债权人 、 其管理人或设保人 的身份。 daccess-ods.un.org | Note to the Working Group The Working Group may wish to note that: (a) under option C in paragraph 1, the registry should have both numerical and name indexes and searchers should be able to search with one or the other indexing criterion; and (b) paragraph 4 has been inserted for the Working Group to consider the matter of the address of the grantor; and [...] (c) the address of the [...] grantor and secured creditor or its representative has to be part of the record, but not necessarily part of the identifier, except if there is a need for additional information to identify the secured creditor, its representative [...]or the grantor. daccess-ods.un.org |
这是因为：(a)在该 国普通担保权登记处登记是按照担保交易法取得第三方效力的一个必要前提 （除非知识产权相关法律允许在有关知识产权登记处登记担保权以实现第三方 效力）；(b)为了保护有担保债权人， 使 其 担 保 权不致因按照知识产权相关法律的 优先权规则而受在知识产权登记处登记的相竞受让人或 有 担保债权人 的 权利的 影响，在知识产权登记处进行登记仍然是必要的。 daccess-ods.un.org | This is because: (a) registration in that State’s general security rights registry is a necessary prerequisite to third-party effectiveness under secured transactions law (unless law relating to intellectual property allows registration of a security right in the relevant intellectual property registry to achieve third-party effectiveness); and (b) registration in the [...] intellectual property registry will [...] be necessary to protect the secured creditor against the risk of finding its security right affected by the rights of a competing transferee or secured creditor registered in the intellectual property [...]registry [...]pursuant to the priority rules of law relating to intellectual property. daccess-ods.un.org |
因此，预期买受人和有担保债权人以 及 与设保人打交 道的其他第三方都可能希望由登记中被指明为 有 担保债权人 的 人进行独立核 实，以确信其实际上是否对其根据与被指明设保人的既有担保协议而可能感兴 趣的资产主张担保权。 daccess-ods.un.org | Consequently, prospective [...] buyers and secured creditors and other third parties with whom the grantor is dealing may wish to have independent verification directly from the person identified in the registration as the secured creditor as to whether [...]it is in fact currently [...]claiming a security right in an asset in which they are interested under an existing security agreement with the named grantor. daccess-ods.un.org |
最后，作为一个单独但又相关 [...] 的事项，评注还可就此述及设保人是否可以就债务要求提供补充信息的问题， 评注还将处理如下问题，即设保人可否要求提供补充信息，以及：(a)设保人是 [...] 否应当有权在规定时期内免费获得数目有限的答复；(b)如果 有 担保债权人 未提 供该信息，设保人是否应当有权通过简易司法程序或行政程序获得损害赔偿或 [...]其他救济。 daccess-ods.un.org | Finally, as a separate but related matter, the commentary may also deal in this context with the question whether the grantor may demand additional information with respect to the debt and whether: (a) the grantor should be entitled to a limited number of responses free of charge [...] within a specified period of time; [...] and (b) the grantor should be entitled to damages [...]or other remedy through a summary judicial [...]or administrative procedure if the secured creditor fails to provide that information. daccess-ods.un.org |
另一方面，在下列情况下，在相应的知识产权 登记处登记可能更可取，例如：(a)对于设保资产所属的资产类型，有登记制度 存在，且允许登记担保权文件或通知（例如许多国家中的专利或商标）；( b) 有担 保债权人需要确保优先于其他有 担保债权人 或 相 应的知识产权相关法律所规定 的受让人。 daccess-ods.un.org | On the other hand, registration in the relevant intellectual property registry may be preferable, for example: (a) where the encumbered asset is a type of asset for which a registration system exists and allows registration of [...] a document or notice [...] of a security right (for example, patents or trademarks in many States); and (b) where the secured creditor needs to ensure priority over other secured creditors or transferees [...]under the relevant [...]law relating to intellectual property. daccess-ods.un.org |
此外，最初的有担保债权人 应当有义务至少向设保人披露新的有 担保债权人 的 身 份，以便让设保人能够获 取与已登记的担保权及其相关债务有关的最新信息。 daccess-ods.un.org | In addition, the original secured creditor should be under an obligation to disclose the new secured creditor’s identity [...] to at least the grantor [...]in order for the grantor to be able to obtain current information relating to the registered security right and the obligation to which it relates. daccess-ods.un.org |
如果发生转让， 最初的有担保债权人通常 并不希望必须继续处理查询人员要求提供信息的请 求，而新的有担保债权人则希 望确保其能收到与其担保权有关的任何通知或其 他通信。 daccess-ods.un.org | In the event of an [...] assignment, the original secured creditor will usually not wish to have to continue to deal with requests for information from searchers and the new secured creditor will wish to ensure that it receives [...]any notices or [...]other communications relating to its security right. daccess-ods.un.org |
可以提及以下实例：(a)延长登记的有 效期（登记延期）；(b)在已登记通知确定两名或多名 有 担保债权人 的 情 况下删除 一名有担保债权人；(c)增添一名有 担保债权人 ； (d)在已登记通知确定两名或多 名设保人的情况下删除一名设保人；(e)增添一名设保人；(f)删除设保资产；(g) 更改设保人的身份识别特征；(h)更改 有 担保债权人 的 身份识别特征；( i) 有 担保 债权人转让附担保债务；(j)有 担保债权人 排 序 居次；( k) 有 担保债权人 权 利 排序 居次；(l)更改设保人或有担保债权人 的 地 址；及(m)更改对担保权可予强制执行 的最高金额（如予适用）。 daccess-ods.un.org | The following examples could be mentioned: (a) the extension of the effectiveness of a registration (renewal of a [...] registration); (b) the deletion of [...] a secured creditor where two or more secured creditors are identified in the registered notice; (c) the addition of a secured creditor; (d) the deletion of a grantor when two or more grantors are identified in the registered notice; (e) the addition of a grantor; (f) the deletion of encumbered assets; (g) the modification of the identifier of the grantor; (h) the modification of the identifier of the secured creditor; (i) the assignment of the secured obligation by the secured creditor; (j) the subordination by the secured creditor; (k) the subrogation of a secured creditor’s right; (l) the modification of the address of a grantor or secured creditor; and (m) the modification in the maximum monetary amount for which the security right may be enforced [...](if applicable). daccess-ods.un.org |
统法协会证券公约》有关优先权的规则可摘要如下：(a)成为中间人代持 证券的账户持有人的有担保债权人排 序 先于任何相竞求偿人（见第 11 条和第 19 条第 2 款）；(b)以控制权方式使担保权取得对抗第三方效力的 有 担保债权人 优先 于以公约以外的法律规定的任何其他办法取得对抗第三方效力的担保权（例 如，以登记方式；见第 12 条和第 19 条第 2 款）；(c)如两人取得相同中间人代持 证券的控制权，则取得控制权时间在先者优先（第 19 条第 3 款）；(d)如一证券 中间人持有其所管理的证券账户的担保权，随后允许另一 有 担保债权人 取 得 该 账户的控制权，则该另一债权人排序在先（第 19 条第 4 款）。 daccess-ods.un.org | The rules of the Unidroit Securities Convention on priority [...] may be summarized as [...] follows: (a) a secured creditor who becomes the account holder in respect of intermediated securities ranks ahead of any competing claimant (see articles 11 and 19, para. 2); (b) a secured creditor whose security right has been made effective against third parties by control has priority over any security right made effective against third parties by any other method provided by non-Convention law (for example, by registration; see articles 12 and 19, para. 2); (c) if two persons obtain control of the same intermediated securities, the first in time to obtain control will prevail (article 19, para. 3); (d) if a securities intermediary who holds a security right in a securities [...]account maintained by it subsequently [...]permits another secured creditor to obtain control of the account, the other creditor will rank first (article 19, para. 4). daccess-ods.un.org |
(c) 平等对待登记处所有组成成员的利益：设保人、潜在的 有 担保债权人 和无担保债权人以及相竞求偿人都对担保权登记处所公布的信息范围和规模以 及对该信息的有效提供享有利益；因此，登记处的法律和运营框架应当力求公 平兼顾其所有潜在组成成员的利益。 daccess-ods.un.org | potential secured and unsecured creditors, as well as potential competing claimants, all have an interest in the extent and scope of information that is published in a security rights registry and in [...] the efficient availability [...]of that information; thus, the legal and operational framework of the registry should be designed to fairly balance the interests of all its potential constituents. daccess-ods.un.org |
注意到必须兼顾设保人和有 担保债权人 等 所 有利益攸关方的利益，无论设保 人是知识产权所有权人、许可人还是被许可人 daccess-ods.un.org | Noting the importance of balancing the interests of all stakeholders, including grantors, whether they are owners, licensors or licensees of intellectual property, and secured creditors daccess-ods.un.org |
相反，还有人可能会争辩说，知 识产权所有人和许可人可实现同等结果，具体方法是确保所有权人和许可人或 其有担保债权人：(a)取得被许可人作为次级许可人从次级被许可人处收取的一 定比例次级许可使用费的受付权上的担保权或对该权利的彻底转让，并且也是 在被许可人的有担保债权人在相 关知识产权登记处进行登记之前在该登记处登 记有关通知；(b)取得被许可人作为次级许可人从次级被许可人处收取的一定比 例次级许可使用费受付权上的担保权或对该权利的彻底转让，并首先在普通知 识产权登记处登记有关通知；或(c)取得被许可人的 有 担保债权人 的 排 序居次协 议。 daccess-ods.un.org | By contrast, it might also be argued that intellectual property owners and licensors could [...] achieve an equivalent result by ensuring that they or [...] their secured creditors: (a) obtained a security right in or an outright assignment of a right to payment of a percentage of the sub-royalties payable to the licensee as a sub-licensor by sub-licensees and registered a notice thereof in the relevant intellectual property registry before any registration in that registry by a secured creditor of the licensee; (b) obtained a security right in or an outright assignment of a right to payment of a percentage of the sub-royalties payable to the licensee as a sub-licensor by sub-licensees and registered first a notice thereof in the general security rights registry; or (c) obtained a subordination agreement from the secured creditor of the licensee. daccess-ods.un.org |
作为其投资和收购这些债权的回报，Leucadia 获得了 重组后公司的 44% 股权，剩余股权由现有无担保债权人 拥 有。 china.blackstone.com | In return for its investment and acquisition of [...] these claims, Leucadia received 44% of the equity of the reorganized company, with existing unsecured creditors owning the remainder. blackstone.com |
工作组注意：工作组似宜注意到，评注将解释：(a)如果信息输入的栏目不 当（例如，把设保人身份识别特征输入 有 担保债权人 一 栏），所载其他信息准 确、充分的通知便可归于无效；(b)颁布国的取名惯例将予以适用；(c)登记处系 统的设计应当能够确保，按照已登记通知所确定的某一设保人的身份识别特征 进行查询就能披露可确定所有其他设保人身份的已登记通知；及(d)为建议 21-25 和执行这些建议的条例的目的，设保人和 有 担保债权人 的 身份识别特征应当是 登记时的身份识别特征。 daccess-ods.un.org | Note to the Working Group: The Working Group may wish to note that the commentary will explain that: (a) if the information is entered in the inappropriate field (for example, the [...] grantor identifier is [...] entered in the secured creditor field), a notice that contains otherwise correct and sufficient information may be ineffective; (b) naming conventions of the enacting State would apply; (c) the registry system should be designed so that a search against the identifier of one of the grantors identified in the registered notice would reveal the registered notice in which all of the other grantors would be identified; and (d) for the purposes of the recommendations 21-25 and the regulations that would implement them, the grantor and the secured creditor identifier should [...]be the identifier [...]at the time of the registration. daccess-ods.un.org |
虽然一开始有与会者对(b)项表示了一些疑虑，但会议一致 认为(b)项并无不妥，担保债权人如果 未能遵守其义务和设保人对修订或取消登 记而提出的合法请求，则不应当有权收取任何费用（ 在 担保债权人 并 未 违反其 义务和设保人的请求不适当的情况下，此项规定不应适用）。 daccess-ods.un.org | While some doubt was initially expressed, it was agreed that [...] subparagraph (b) was [...] appropriate and the secured creditor should not be entitled to charge any fees if it failed to comply with its obligations and the legitimate request of the grantor to amend or cancel the registration (which should not apply where the secured creditor had not violated [...]its obligations and [...]the grantor’s request was inappropriate). daccess-ods.un.org |
最后，会 议商定，评注中应当澄清：(a)如果已缔结了担保协议， 但 担保债权人 与 设保人 之间对其效力有争议的，则设保人可通过一项简易司法或行政程序寻求修订或 取消登记；(b)建议 32 重申了建议 16 和 17 所载的原则，并非与《担保交易指 南》建 67（预先登记）不相符合；(c)设保人是否可 因 担保债权人 违 约或侵权行 为而提出损害赔偿要求，这是其他法律的事项；以及(d)建议 32 中所述的程序示 例。 daccess-ods.un.org | Finally, it was agreed that the commentary should clarify: (a) that, if a security [...] agreement had been [...] concluded but its effectiveness was the subject of a dispute between the secured creditor and the grantor, the grantor could seek to amend or cancel the registration through a summary judicial or administrative proceeding; (b) that recommendation 32, which reiterated the principle reflected in recommendations 16 and 17, was not inconsistent with recommendation 67 (advance registration) of the Secured Transactions Guide; (c) whether the grantor could claim damages for breach of contract or tort by the secured creditor was a matter [...]of other law; and (d) [...]examples of proceedings referred to in recommendation 32. daccess-ods.un.org |
工作组还似宜注意到，评注将澄清：(a)对于转让、代位权或排序居次，可以对 已登记通知加以修订，以便指明新的 有 担保债权人 的 身 份识别特征和地址，但 并未照此修订的通知仍然有效（见建议 [...] 75）；(b)“修订”系指修改输入登记处 记录中通知的信息以及修改的结果；及(c)使用“修订通知”所作的修订。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Working Group may also wish to note that the commentary will clarify that: (a) in the case of an assignment, subrogation or subordination, the registered notice may be [...] amended to indicate the identifier and [...] address of the new secured creditor, but a notice [...]not so amended remains effective (see [...]recommendation 75); (b) “amendment” means the change and the result of the change of the information in a notice entered in the registry record; and (c) an amendment is made with an “amendment notice”. daccess-ods.un.org |
因此，为保护与在受让人手里的设保资产 打交道的第三方，适用规则应当允许 有 担保债权人 对 其登记加以变更，在为输 入设保人信息而保留的空间内记录受让人的身份识别特征和地址。 daccess-ods.un.org | Accordingly, to protect third parties that deal with the encumbered asset in the hands of the [...] transferee, the applicable rules should [...] permit the secured creditor to amend its registration [...]to record the identifier and [...]address of the transferee in the space reserved for entering grantor information. daccess-ods.un.org |
关于论及知识产权担保权的强制执行的第八章，会议商定，第 30 段最后一 句应当澄清，在发生违反许可协议情况下：(a)许可人保留其所有合同权利，包 [...] 括终结许可协议的权利；以及(b)被许可人的 有 担保债权人 享 有 以被许可人的次 级使用费受付权作保的担保权的，保留其收取次级使用费的权利。 daccess-ods.un.org | With respect to chapter VIII on the enforcement of a security right in intellectual property, it was agreed that the last sentence of paragraph 30 should clarify that in case of a breach of a licence agreement: (a) the licensor retained all its contractual rights, including the [...] right to terminate the licence [...] agreement; and (b) the secured creditor of the licensee [...]with a security right in the licensee’s [...]right to payment of sub-royalties retained its right to collect the sub-royalties. daccess-ods.un.org |
强调人们期望，兼顾所有利益攸关方利益(包括担保权设 保 人 、 有 担保债权 人、无担保债权人、保 留所有权的出卖人、融资租赁出租人、优先债权人和设保 人破产情况下的破产代理人等的利益)的统一的现代担保交易制度将明显便利获 得担保信贷，从而促进货物和服务的跨国界流动 daccess-ods.un.org | the expectation that modern and harmonized secured transactions regimes which balance the interests of all stakeholders (including grantors of security rights, secured and unsecured creditors, retention-of-title sellers and financial lessors, privileged creditors and the insolvency representative in the grantor’s insolvency) will demonstrably facilitate access to secured credit, thereby promoting the movement of goods and services across national borders daccess-ods.un.org |
发生违约后，只有在有担保债权人行 使补救办 法，提出以取得设保人对设保资产的所有权作为对附担保债务的全额或部分清 偿（且设保人、债务人和其他受影响的人未表示任何异议；见建议 157 和 158） 时，或者在强制执行时通过在拍卖会上购买该资产而取得设保人的所有权时， 有担保债权人才会 成为该资产的所有权人。 daccess-ods.un.org | VIII, paras. 57-59) Only where, after [...] default, the secured creditor exercises the remedy of proposing to acquire the grantor’s ownership rights in the encumbered asset in total or partial satisfaction of the secured obligation (in the absence of any objection by the grantor, the debtor and any other affected person; see recommendations 157 and 158), or acquires the grantor’s ownership rights by purchasing the asset at a sale in the context of an enforcement, will the secured creditor ever become the [...]owner of the asset. daccess-ods.un.org |
一些证据表明，减少的债务负担 和增加的财政空间使这些国家与人权 有 关 的关键社会服务领域的投资增加， 如保 健和教育。 daccess-ods.un.org | There is some [...] evidence that reduced debt burdens and improved fiscal space has led to increased investment in essential social services related to human rights, such as health and education, [...]in these countries. daccess-ods.un.org |
我们认识到需要继续解决外债涉及到的所有相关问题，包括通过联合国来解 决，我们将考虑在债权人和 债务人的普遍参与下，以现有框架和原则为基础，探 索完善主权债务 重组机制办法的方式， 确 保债 务 人 共 同 分 担 同 等责任，并让布雷 顿森林机构在其中发挥重要作用。 daccess-ods.un.org | We acknowledge the need to continue to address all relevant issues regarding external debt problems, including through the United Nations, and we will consider [...] ways to explore [...] enhanced approaches of sovereign debt restructuring mechanisms based on existing frameworks and principles, with broad creditors’ and debtors’ participation and ensuring comparable burden-sharing among creditors, with an important [...]role for the Bretton Woods institutions. daccess-ods.un.org |
由于没有准确定义，许多研究报告提出了广泛的解释，认为所有非常规筹资 方式都属于创新性发展筹资，范围从上述的机制，例如把官方发展援助的承诺证 券化、国际征税和新的特别提款权分 配 ，到所有“其他创新”，例如当地货 币债 券和 货币对冲保值、与国内生产总值(国内总产值)挂钩 的 债 券 、 激励把 工 人 汇款 用于发展投资和公共担保的天 气保险机制。 daccess-ods.un.org | The lack of a precise definition has caused many studies to offer a broad interpretation and consider all types of non-conventional forms of finance under the rubric of innovative development financing, ranging from the mechanisms mentioned earlier, such as securitization of ODA [...] commitments, international taxes and new SDR allocations, to all kinds of “other [...] innovations”, such as local currency bonds and currency hedges, gross domestic product (GDP)-linked bonds, incentives to channel worker remittances to developmental investments and publicly guaranteed weather insurance mechanisms. daccess-ods.un.org |
这样一种机制将以公平、可预见和有序的方式重组无法偿付的主 权债务，从而减少债权人的承担的费 用， 确 保 它 们 之间分担负担，并降低经济危 机和开支削减对债务国发展前景造成损害的可能性。 daccess-ods.un.org | Such a mechanism would restructure unpayable [...] sovereign debt in a fair, predictable and orderly fashion, thereby lowering costs for creditors, ensuring burden sharing among [...]them and reducing [...]the likelihood that economic crisis and spending cuts would be damaging to the development prospects of debtor countries. daccess-ods.un.org |
例如，这里的评注似可作如下说明：(f)项——筹资安排所在地或筹资批准所在地 [...] 或债务人主要银行所在地——只在银行控制债务人的情况下才相关；(k)项——雇 员所在地——或许在雇员可能成为未 来 债权人 的 情 况下才相关，但如果以下述 几点为依据就不那么重要了：对雇员 的 保 护 更 多的 是 保 护 相 关方权利问题，与 主要利益中心分析无关，而且《示范法》第 22 条无论如何都已处理这一问题； (e)项——适用于大部分争议的法律所属的法域，其重要性不足以成为一项决定 [...] [...] 性因素，而且这种法域在任何情况下都有可能是一个与债务人的管理地或业务 实施地无关的法域，比(e)项更重要的因素反倒是债务人的管理地或业务实施 地。 daccess-ods.un.org | That commentary might suggest, for example, that (f) the location from which financing was organized or authorized or the location of the debtor’s primary bank, would only be important where the bank controlled the debtor; that (k) the location of employees, [...] [...] might be important where employees could be future creditors, or less important on the basis that protection of employees is more an issue of protecting [...]the rights of interested parties, is not [...]relevant to the COMI analysis and is, in any event addressed by article 22 of the Model Law; that (e) the jurisdiction whose law would apply to most disputes, was not sufficiently important to be a determining factor and could, in any event, be a jurisdiction unrelated to the place from which the debtor was managed or conducted its business, factors that were both considered to be more important than (e). daccess-ods.un.org |
对此，会上指出，对权利持有人平 等待遇的担忧是不成立的，因为：(a)所讨论的规则处理的 是 担保权 而 不 是权利 持有人实体 权利的适用法律问题；(b)欧洲联盟成员国已经采用这种做法，不存 在其违反《知识产权强制执行指令》的问题；(c)在担保协议当 事 人 （ 而 不是知 识产权权利持有人）与现有知识产权登记处相关的期望基础上，这种做法也将 是有其正当理由的；(d)《指南》已经在有形资产方面采用了这一做法（见建议 203 和 205）。 daccess-ods.un.org | In response, it was stated that the concern about equal [...] treatment of right [...] holders was not valid, since: (a) the rule under discussion addressed the issue of the law applicable to security rights and not the substantive rights of right holders; (b) European Union Member States already followed that approach and there was [...]no issue of them being [...]in violation of the IPR Enforcement Directive; (c) such an approach would be justified on the basis of expectations of the parties to security agreements (not intellectual property right holders) associated with existing intellectual property registries; and (d) the Guide already followed that approach with respect to tangible assets (see recommendations 203 and 205). daccess-ods.un.org |
英汉双解词典包含2273206条英汉词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。