| 单词 | 总协定 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 总协定 noun —General Agreement n (often used)general agreement n (often used)Examples:关税与贸易总协定—GATT, the 1995 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 关贸总协定—GATT, the 1995 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade See also:协定 n—agreement n • protocol n 协定—(reach an) agreement
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关贸总 协定包含 60个协议，由在特殊领域的每个成 员国单独签署。 paiz.gov.pl | GATT comprises 60 agreements, which were [...] signed individually in specific areas by each Member State. paiz.gov.pl |
教育政策的制定参考了与教育全球化的机遇和挑战有关的政策指导方针和立场文件， 包括一份关于更全球化社会中的高等教育的立场文件（六种语言），和一个与非洲大学协会 [...] 共同举办的讲习班，以及讲习班发表的关于服务贸 易 总协定 （ GA TS）影响非洲高等教育的 宣言。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Educational decision-making was informed by policy guidelines and position papers on opportunities and challenges of globalization in education, including a position paper on higher education in a more globalized society (six languages), and a workshop and resulting declaration on [...] the impact of GATS on higher education in Africa organized in cooperation [...] with the African Association of Universities. unesdoc.unesco.org |
国际发展合作领域各部厅——经济和社会事务部、联合国贸易和发展会议 (贸发会议)、联合国人类住区规划署(人居署)、联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室(禁 毒办)、非洲发展新伙伴关系(新伙伴关系)、最不发达国家、内陆发展中国家和 小岛屿发展中国家高级代表办事处(最不发达等国家高代办)、贸发会 议 / 总协定 国际贸易中心(国贸中心)和联合国环境规划署(环境署)——在本两年期侧重从 事三项优先工作：促进持续经济增长和会员国持续发展；非洲发展；毒品管制、 预防犯罪以及打击一切形式和表现的国际恐怖主义。 daccess-ods.un.org | The departments and offices in the area of international cooperation for development — the Department of Economic and Social Affairs, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD), the Office of the High Representative for the Least Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing Countries and Small Island Developing States, the International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) — concentrated their efforts in three priorities during the present biennium: the promotion of sustained economic growth and the sustained development of Member States; the development of Africa; and drug control, crime prevention and combating international terrorism in all its forms and manifestations. daccess-ods.un.org |
其他领域也存在争议，包括发展中国家在服务贸 易 总协定 模式 3 中作出的强有力承诺，结合现有的开放水平(例如，外资股权限制)和发达国家 [...] 在模式 4 中作出的承诺和农业特别保障机制。 daccess-ods.un.org | Other areas were also controversial, including the issue of stronger [...] commitments by developing countries in Mode 3 [...] of the General Agreement on Trade in Services [...]to bind existing levels of openness [...](e.g. foreign equity limitations), Mode 4 commitments by developed countries and the special agricultural safeguard mechanism. daccess-ods.un.org |
主席指出，新提交了下列文件供研究组审议：主席关于“特殊制度下与嗣 [...] 后协定和惯例有关的判例”的第二次报告；村濑先生撰写的论文，题目是“‘演 进性’解释的病理学：《关贸总协定 》 第 二十条在贸易和环境方面的适用”；彼 [...] 得里奇先生撰写的涉及一特定边界条约的嗣后协定和惯例的论文。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Chairman noted that the following additional documents had been submitted for consideration by the Study Group: the second report by the Chairman on the [...] “Jurisprudence under special regimes relating [...] to subsequent agreements and subsequent [...]practice”, a paper by Mr. Murase entitled [...]“The Pathology of “Evolutionary” Interpretations: GATT Article XX’s Application to Trade and the Environment” and a paper prepared by Mr. Petrič on subsequent agreements and practice concerning a particular boundary treaty. daccess-ods.un.org |
从关税及贸易总协定(关贸总协定)到 1 990 年代中期成立世界贸易组织(世贸 组织)的转变远远不只是一个简单的名称变化。 daccess-ods.un.org | The transition from the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade [...] (GATT) to the establishment of the World Trade Organization [...](WTO) in the mid-1990s involved much more than a simple name change. daccess-ods.un.org |
体现在关贸总协定和世 贸组织所有协议中有关特殊和差别待遇的一切规定， 均应适用于所有申请加入的内陆发展中国家。 daccess-ods.un.org | All provisions on special and differential treatment reflected in the GATT and in all WTO agreements shall be granted to all acceding LLDCs. daccess-ods.un.org |
也有人认为，研究组可在关贸总协定 和 世 贸组织的最惠国条款及其适用协 定的范围内，进一步研究服务贸易和知识产权贸易问题之间的关系以及研究组着 重的投资问题。 daccess-ods.un.org | It was also considered that the Group could study further, in the context of MFN in the GATT and the WTO and its covered agreements, the relation between trade in services and in intellectual property issues and the investment focus of the Study Group. daccess-ods.un.org |
在全球一级，内陆发展中国家参与了世界贸易组织(世贸组织)的贸易便利化 [...] 谈判，特别是旨在改进关于过境自由的第五条、关于进出口费用和手续的第八条、 关于公布和实施《1994 年关税及贸易总协定》贸 易法规以及特殊和差别待遇的第 十条相关内容的谈判。 daccess-ods.un.org | At the global level, landlocked developing countries are engaged in negotiations on trade facilitation at the World Trade Organization (WTO), particularly those aimed at improving relevant aspects of article V, on freedom of transit; article VIII, on fees and formalities connected with importation and exportation; and article X, on publication [...] and administration of trade regulations [...] of the General Agreement on Tariffs and [...]Trade 1994 and special and differential treatment. daccess-ods.un.org |
关 贸总协定(GATT)是一个核心的文件。 paiz.gov.pl | The core document [...] is the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). paiz.gov.pl |
1947 年通过的《关税及贸易总协 定》（ GATT）的文本规定：“任一缔约国可以维持有关电影片的国内数量限制条例，在指 定时间的一段时期内，国产电影片的放映时间应在实际使用的总时间内占一最低比例”（第 [...] IV 条）。 unesdoc.unesco.org | The original text [...] of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), adopted in 1947, stipulated [...]that any contracting [...]party could maintain “screen quotas [that] require the exhibition of cinematograph films of national origin during a specified minimum proportion of the total screen time actually utilized” (Article IV). unesdoc.unesco.org |
马耳他也是下列国际文书的缔 约国：《欧洲理事会保护人权和基本自由 公约》及其第 1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、10、11、13 和 14 号议定书；《欧洲社 会宪章》及其议定书 和《欧洲社会宪章》修订本；《关于欧洲委员会和欧洲人权 法 院 [...] 诉讼参加者的欧洲协定》；《欧洲防 止 酷 刑和不人道或有辱 人 格 待遇或处罚 公约》及其第 1 和 2 号议定书 [...] ；《欧洲理事会关于特权和有罪 不 罚问题的 总 协 定》第 六号议定书；《保护少数民族框架公约》；《反对贩卖人口行动公约》。 daccess-ods.un.org | Malta is also a party to: the Council of Europe Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, and its Protocols Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 and 14; the European Social Charter, its Protocol and the revised European Social Charter; the European Agreement relating to Persons participating in proceedings of the European Commission and the Court of Human Rights; the European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment and its [...] Protocols No. 1 and 2; the Sixth Protocol [...] to the General Agreement on Privileges and [...]Immunities of the Council of Europe; [...]the Framework Convention on the Protection of National Minorities; and the Convention on Action Against Trafficking in Human Beings. daccess-ods.un.org |
高等教育的国际合作已被拓宽，在发展中国家高等教育的研究能力已被建立：教科文 组织/非洲大学协会/南非高等教育理事会共同举办的国际讲习班（阿克拉，加纳，4 月 27-29 日）分析了世界贸易组织和服务贸易 总协定 对 非 洲的高等教育的影响；第一届亚太地区 研究研讨会（东京，日本，5 月 13--14 日）产生了针对亚洲研究政策的变化而进行九个国别 研究；教科文组织论坛非定期论文系列出版了五篇关于高等教育体系和政策的学术论文。 unesdoc.unesco.org | International cooperation in higher education was broadened and research capacity in higher education in developing countries was built up through: an international UNESCO/Association of African Universities/Council for Higher Education (CHE) of South Africa, workshop (27-29 April, Accra, Ghana), which analysed the implications of WTO/GATS on higher education in Africa; the first Regional Research Seminar for Asia and the Pacific (1314 May, Tokyo, Japan) producing nine country studies on changing research policies in Asia; and five academic papers in the UNESCO Forum Occasional Papers Series on higher education systems and policies. unesdoc.unesco.org |
恰恰相反，自 1994 年两国签署《合作总协定》以 来，尼日尔共和国同古巴 保持着良好合作关系，合作的范围和活动得到加强和更大发展。 daccess-ods.un.org | To the contrary, the Republic of the Niger and the Republic of Cuba have maintained good cooperative relations since 1994, the year in which the General Agreement on Cooperation between the two countries was signed. daccess-ods.un.org |
在第二次世界大战后至 1970 年代之前这段时期实施的是布雷顿森林-关税及 贸易总协定体制 ，在这个体制下，除必须消除关于贸易的若干边界限制和不得在 贸易伙伴之间进行歧视外，各国可自由决定其贸易和产业政策。 daccess-ods.un.org | In the post-Second World War era of the Bretton Woods-GATT regime until the 1970s, countries were free to have their own trade and industry policies as long as they removed a number of border restrictions on trade and did not discriminate among their trading partners. daccess-ods.un.org |
东帝汶特派团设立于1999年8月31日，目的是组织和进行广受欢迎的、直接的和全体投票，以确定东帝汶人民是否接受在单一的印度尼西亚共和国内实施东帝汶特别自治宪法框架建议，或者拒绝东帝汶特别自治建议，根据1999年5月5日印度尼西亚和葡萄牙政府与联合国达成的 《 总协定 》 使 东帝汶脱离印度尼西亚。 un.org | The United Nations Mission in East Timor (UNAMET) was established on 31 August 1999, to organize and conduct a popular, direct, and universal ballot in order to ascertain whether the East Timorese people accepted the proposed constitutional framework providing for a special autonomy for East Timor within the unitary Republic of Indonesia or rejected the proposed special autonomy for East Timor, leading to East Timor’s [...] separation from Indonesia, in accordance [...] with the General Agreement of 5 May 1999 [...]reached by the Governments of Indonesia and [...]Portugal and the United Nations. un.org |
开发 了关于高等教育和世界贸易组织（WTO）的服务贸 易 总协定 （ GATS）的网页。 unesdoc.unesco.org | A web-page on Higher Education [...] and the General Agreement on Trade in Services [...](GATS) under the World Trade Organization (WTO) was launched. unesdoc.unesco.org |
由于乌拉圭回合的谈判包含《与贸易有关的知识产 权协议》，知识产权也受到世界贸易组织（前身为《关 贸 总协定 》 ） 的保护，因此也许有人 认为世界知识产权组织的影响已因此而减少。 iprcommission.org | With the inclusion of TRIPS in the Uruguay Round, intellectual property has also come under the aegis of the WTO, the successor to GATT, and some would argue that WIPO’s influence has thereby diminished. iprcommission.org |
关于 《服务贸易总协定》（AGCS），它没有关于文化或文化产品的专门条款，但是文化服务还 [...] 是从某些规定中得到了好处，这些规定有助于维持有背于各方在给予最惠国待遇方面所做基 本承诺的国家措施，或在那些尚未在自由化方面作出任何特定承诺的部门，有助于维持与国 [...] 家待遇不相容的、或限制进入国内市场的措施。 unesdoc.unesco.org | The General Agreement on Trade in Services [...] (GATS) contains no specific clause concerning culture or cultural products, even [...]though cultural services benefit from certain provisions which allow the maintenance of national measures that would otherwise be incompatible with the basic commitment of the parties to grant most favoured nation treatment, or enable the maintenance in sectors where no specific commitment to liberalization has been made of measures incompatible with national treatment or which restrict access to domestic markets. unesdoc.unesco.org |
一 个类似于《政府采购协定》的协定将包含在世贸组织内，而区域贸易协定将保持 在世贸组织外，并将接受《服务贸易 总协定 》 第五条规定的条件的限制，其中条 件之一是“实质性部门覆盖”。 daccess-ods.un.org | An agreement similar to the Agreement on Government Procurement would be contained within [...] WTO, while regional [...] trade agreements would remain outside and would be subject to the conditions of article V of the General Agreement on Trade in [...]Services, among which [...]is “substantial sectoral coverage”. daccess-ods.un.org |
有迹象表明，依赖信息技术的服 务出口（《服务贸易总协定》模 式 1）和发展中国家 的劳工为了在发达国家和其他发展中国家提供服务 [...] 的临时流动（模式 4）也受到了影响。 daccess-ods.un.org | There were signs that exports of information [...] technology (IT)-enabled services (mode 1 [...] of the General Agreement on Trade in Services [...](GATS)) and the temporary movement [...]of workers from developing countries for the purpose of delivering services in developed and other developing countries (mode 4) were also being affected. daccess-ods.un.org |
2012 年 5 月，俄罗斯航天局 Roscosmos 和德国航天中心就在国际空间站俄 罗斯部分共同开展 Kontur 2 实验签署了一份总协定。 oosa.unvienna.org | In May 2012, a general agreement between the Russian Space Agency Roscosmos and DLR was signed regarding the common implementation of the Kontur 2 experiment on the Russian segment of ISS. oosa.unvienna.org |
她 回顾说，全球进程在文化多样性方面发挥着重要作用，2001 年多哈回合谈判陷入了僵局，文化多 [...] 样性及其相关主题不属于这一回合的专门问题，但是却在《关税及贸 易 总协定 》 （ 《关 贸 总协 定》） 的框架内讨论过，作为在音像方面的交流。 unesdoc.unesco.org | She recalled that global processes played a significant role in cultural diversity. The 2001 Doha Round negotiations had reached an impasse, and cultural diversity and related themes were not among the subjects of the round, but were [...] nonetheless being discussed within [...] the framework of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), [...]such as trade in the audiovisual field. unesdoc.unesco.org |
贸发会议向发展中国家和国家集团――如最不发达国家、非洲集团、南部 非洲发展共同体和安第斯共同体――提供了技术援助和具 体支持，包括专门培训， 协助它们制 定发展服务供给 [...] 能力的国家和区 域战略及政策，为《服务贸易总 协 定》和其他贸易谈判中 市场准入和 规则制定 [...]谈判作 好准备。 daccess-ods.un.org | Technical assistance and customized support, including specialized training, was extended by UNCTAD to policymakers and negotiators in developing countries and country groupings – such as the LDCs, African Group, SADC and the Andean Community – in defining national and regional strategies and polices to build services supply [...] capacities, and in preparing themselves [...] for the General Agreement on Trade in Services [...](GATS) and other trade negotiations [...]in respect of both market access and rule-making negotiations. daccess-ods.un.org |
1994 年 4 月 27 日，在联合国主持下，在莫斯科举行了第一轮塔吉克内部谈 判，最后，1997 年 6 月，在《关于在塔吉克斯坦建立和平与民族和睦 的 总协定》 上签字。 daccess-ods.un.org | The first round of intra-Tajik negotiations under the auspices of the United Nations took place in Moscow in April 1994, culminating in the [...] signature on 27 June 1997 in Moscow of [...] the General Agreement on the Establishment of Peace and National Accord in Tajikistan. daccess-ods.un.org |
2004 年初，世贸组织总干 事设立的独立小组审查了世贸组织的运作，并就下列事项提出了建议：14 谈判进 [...] 程、决策结构、“可变几何”和服务贸 易 总协定 的 日 程安排办法、透明度、非歧 视原则受到侵蚀、筹资为最不发达国家提供技术援助的合同权利。 daccess-ods.un.org | Earlier in 2004, an independent panel set up by the WTO Director-General examined the functioning of WTO and came up with recommendations14 including on negotiating processes; [...] decision-making structures, variable geometry [...] and the General Agreement on Trade in Services [...](GATS) scheduling approach; transparency; [...]the erosion of non-discrimination; and contractual right for funding technical assistance for least developed countries. daccess-ods.un.org |
服务业是中国发展最迅速的部门，在加入世界贸易组织以后，欧盟对中国提出许多 《服务贸易总协定》（General Agreement in Trade [...] in Services ，GATS）的要求，要 求「改善」在 12 个服务领域所作的承诺，特 [...] 別是取消限制外国人进入市场、所有权（合 资）、和全国性的平等待遇，尤其在零售、 财务、保险和电信业部门。 eu-china.net | After the WTO accession, the EU asked China in a [...] number of General Agreement in Trade in Services [...](GATS) requests to “improve” the [...]commitments made in 12 service sectors, in particular to eliminate restrictions on foreign entry, ownership (joint ventures) and national treatment, particularly in retail, finance and insurance, and telecommunications. eu-china.net |
世界贸易组织( 世贸组织) [...] 在对初步研究报告的评论意见中指出，在关税及贸 易总协定乌拉 圭回合谈判期间已启动了一项改革进程，并在多哈谈判中予以促 [...] 进，其目的是除了增强发展中国家农业部门现有的灵活性外，还要减少“扭曲贸 易的国内农业补贴”。 daccess-ods.un.org | The World Trade Organization (WTO) noted in its comments on the preliminary study that a reform process [...] had been launched during the Uruguay Round [...] of the General Agreement on Tariffs and [...]Trade and furthered in the Doha negotiations [...]aimed at reducing “trade-distorting domestic agricultural subsidies”, in addition to the existing flexibilities for the agriculture sector of developing countries. daccess-ods.un.org |
着重指出国际贸易和贸易便利化作为《阿拉木图行动纲领》的优先目标 [...] 之一的重要性，并注意到，正在进行的世界贸易组织贸易便利化谈判多哈回合， 尤其是关于《关税及贸易总协定》相 关条款的谈判，如中期审查《宣言》所述条 款的谈判，对于内陆发展中国家获得更高效的商品和服务流动以及通过降低交易 [...]成本提高国际竞争力很重要 daccess-ods.un.org | Underscores the importance of international trade and trade facilitation as one of the priorities of the Almaty Programme of Action, and notes that the ongoing World Trade Organization Doha Round negotiations on trade [...] facilitation, particularly on the [...] relevant articles of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, [...]such as those referred to [...]in the Declaration on the midterm review, are important for landlocked developing countries to gain a more efficient flow of goods and services as well as improved international competitiveness resulting from lower transaction costs;13. daccess-ods.un.org |
然而， 1994 年《关税及贸易总协定》中 唯一直接涉及文化财产贸易问题的条款是在其第 [...] XX（f） 条，它承认为保护本国具有艺术、历史或考古价值的文物而采取的限制是个例外。 unesdoc.unesco.org | However, the only [...] provision of the 1994 Agreement which directly [...]deals with the trade in cultural goods is Article XX(f), [...]which permits measures related to the protection of national treasures of artistic, historic and archaeological value. unesdoc.unesco.org |
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