| 单词 | 性罪犯 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 性罪犯 noun —sex offender nSee also:罪犯 n—criminals pl • perpetrators pl • culprit n 罪性—sinful nature 犯罪 n—crime n • crimes pl • offenceBE n • criminality n • terrorism n 犯罪—offenseAE • commit a crime
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第三节中包含了有关女性以及少年女 性罪犯 非 拘 禁制裁和措施适用范围的 规则，包括刑事司法过程中的拘捕、审判前、判决和判决后阶段。 daccess-ods.un.org | Section III contains rules covering the application of [...] non-custodial sanctions and measures for women and [...] juvenile female offenders, including [...]on arrest and at the pretrial, sentencing [...]and post-sentencing stages of the criminal justice process. daccess-ods.un.org |
律政司動議㆓讀：「㆒項修訂與警司警誡少年罪犯有關的法律、撤銷與出版有關的某些 [...] 罪行、修訂關於在刑事法律程序㆗某些程序事項的法律、修訂影響律師及外國律師執 [...] 業的法律、授權律政司向法庭申請委任司法受託㆟、使若干條例在㆒些次要方面合理 化及加以改善、將女性罪犯或女性受感化者的監管㆟員須為女性的規定予以免除、授 [...]權㆟民入境管理隊的成員在某些情況㆘持手令進入㆞方及搜查、修訂關於囚犯在監管 [...] ㆘釋放的法律、修訂關於將去世㆟士的遺體或其部分用於治療或其他獲准目的的法 律，以及就其他雜項及次要修訂訂定條文的草案。 legco.gov.hk | THE ATTORNEY GENERAL moved the Second Reading of: "A Bill to amend the law relating to juvenile offenders cautioned by police superintendents, to abolish certain offences relating to publication, to amend the law relating to certain procedural matters in criminal proceedings, to amend the law affecting solicitors' and foreign lawyers' practice, to enable the Attorney General to apply to the court for appointment of judicial trustees, to rationalize and improve minor aspects of various Ordinances, to dispense [...] with the requirement for supervising [...] officers of female offenders or probationers [...]to be female, to empower members of the [...]Immigration Service to enter and search with warrant under certain circumstances, to amend the law relating to release of prisoners under supervision, to amend the law relating to the use of deceased persons' bodies or parts thereof for therapeutic or other permitted purposes and to provide for other miscellaneous and minor amendments. legco.gov.hk |
应当在会员国法律制度的范围内，拟定与性别相关的转送教改机构措施和 [...] 审判前及判决替代安排的特定选择，其中应考虑到许多 女 性罪犯 的 受 害史以及她 们担负的照看责任。 daccess-ods.un.org | Gender-specific options for diversionary measures and pretrial and sentencing alternatives shall be developed within Member States’ [...] legal systems, taking account of the history of victimization [...] of many women offenders and their caretaking [...]responsibilities. daccess-ods.un.org |
(5) 首席教育主任( 專業發展及培訓) 負責(i)制訂、推行及檢討各項有助 [...] 教師及校長專業發展的政策；(ii)監察教師註冊政策的推行情況， [...] 包括推行優化措施，進一步提高教師註冊機制的透明度和運作， 以回應市民對性罪犯在學 校任教的關注；(iii)制訂措施以進一步提 升教師的專業操守，就行為失當的教師建議適當的罰則，並督導 [...]教育人員專業操守議會，以提升教育人員的專業操守；(iv)監察語 [...]文教師達到培訓及資歴要求的情況；以及(v)統籌各項與減輕教師 工作量有關的措施。 legco.gov.hk | (5) PEO(Professional Development and Training) (i) formulates, implements and reviews various policies conducive to the professional development of teachers and principals; (ii) oversees the policy on teacher registration, including the implementation of enhanced measures to further enhance the transparency and operation of teacher [...] registration mechanism so as to address [...] public’s concern of sex offenders teaching in schools; [...](iii) devises measures to further [...]promote teachers’ professional conduct, advises on the appropriate levels of punishment for teachers with misconduct, and supervises the Council on Professional Conduct in Education to promote professional conduct in education; (iv) oversees language teachers’ attainment of training and qualifications requirements; and (v) coordinates measures related to alleviating teachers’ workload. legco.gov.hk |
保安局局長表示，法律改革委員 會正在研究保存性罪犯紀錄 的方法，一方面盡量保護婦女及兒 童，另一方面又不會違反犯人的個人私隱。 legco.gov.hk | S for S said that the Law Reform Commission was [...] considering the means of keeping a [...] record of offenders convicted of sex crimes in an attempt [...]to protect women and children [...]on the one hand but would not contravene the personal privacy of offenders on the other. legco.gov.hk |
应当作出努力，组织和促进着眼于结果的综合研究，审查女性 所 犯 的 罪 行、 女性对抗刑事司法系统的诱发原因、二次判罪和监禁对女性的影响、 女 性罪犯的 特征，以及用以减少女性重新犯罪的 方案，以此作为有效的规划、方案开发和政 策制定的基础，以便对女性罪犯重新 融入社会的需求做出回应。 daccess-ods.un.org | Efforts shall be made to organize and promote comprehensive, resultoriented research on the offences committed by women, the reasons that trigger women’s confrontation with the [...] criminal justice system, the impact of [...] secondary criminalization and imprisonment on women, the characteristics of women offenders, as well as programmes designed to reduce reoffending by women, as a basis for effective planning, programme development and policy formulation to respond to the social reintegration needs of women offenders. daccess-ods.un.org |
研究项目包括：评价分流方案；家 [...] 庭暴力问题方案；性侵犯行为改造方案；维持特许烟酒店的治安；计算机使用 安全的性质和范围研究；消费者欺诈； 女 性罪犯 和 吸 毒；对土著人的暴力和虐 待儿童；社区对暴力侵害妇女行为的态度；青少年与刑事司法系统的接触；土 著社区的禁毒执法；为偏远地区的社区安全制定绩效框架和指标；少年司法； [...] [...] 敏感环境下的安全标识；犯罪制图、预测和建模方面技术性较强的工作。 daccess-ods.un.org | Research projects included the following: programmes that focus on the evaluation of diversion, family violence, sexual assault reform and the policing of [...] licensed premises; [...] studies on the nature and extent of computer use security, consumer fraud, women offenders and drug use, [...]indigenous violence and [...]child abuse, community attitudes towards violence against women, the contact of juveniles with the criminal justice system, drug law enforcement in indigenous communities; the development of performance frameworks and indicators for community safety in remote areas, juvenile justice and security identification in sensitive environments; and more technical work in crime mapping, forecasting and modelling. daccess-ods.un.org |
在对女性罪犯进行 判决时，考虑到女性的照看责任和通常的背景，法庭应当 有权力考虑减轻罪行的因素，例如无犯罪史和犯罪行为的相对非严重性及其性 质。 daccess-ods.un.org | When sentencing women offenders, courts shall [...] have the power t o consider mitigating factors such as lack of criminal history [...]and relative nonseverity and nature of the criminal conduct, in the light of women’s caretaking responsibilities and typical backgrounds. daccess-ods.un.org |
为了防止针对未成年人的犯罪，有种种计划限制已 决 性罪犯 在 接 触到 未成年人的职业中的活动范围，并于 2007 年创立了性罪行登记册。 daccess-ods.un.org | To prevent crimes against minors, there are plans to restrict spheres of activity of convicted sex offenders in [...] occupations involving [...]contact with minors, and create a register of sex offenders in 2007. daccess-ods.un.org |
由于认识到有必要在应当适用于女性囚犯和 女 性罪犯 的 特 殊考虑事 项方面提供全球性标准，并考虑到联合国不同机构通过的一系列相关决议， 其中要求联合国会员国对女性罪犯和 女 性囚犯的需要做出适当的回应，故此 制定了本规则，以便在女性囚犯待遇以及 女 性罪犯 非 监 禁措施方面，适当地 补充和增补《囚犯待遇最低限度标准规则》以及《联合国非拘禁措施最低限 度标准规则》(《东京规则》)。 daccess-ods.un.org | Recognizing the need to provide global standards with regard to the distinct [...] [...] considerations that should apply to women prisoners and offenders and taking into account a number of relevant resolutions adopted by different United Nations bodies, in which Member States were called on to respond appropriately to the needs of women offenders and prisoners, the present rules have been developed to complement [...]and supplement, as appropriate, the Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners and the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for Non-custodial Measures (the Tokyo [...]Rules) in connection with the treatment of women prisoners and alternatives to imprisonment for women offenders. daccess-ods.un.org |
有关性罪犯的立 法应包括有关治疗和拘留的程序性保 障措施和精确的规则与专业指导，包括治疗和拘留的期限。 daccess-ods.un.org | Legislation regarding sex offenders should include [...] procedural safeguards and precise regulations and professional instructions [...]on their treatment and detention, including its duration. daccess-ods.un.org |
小 組 委 員 會 在 考 慮 其 研 究 範 圍 的 這 個 部 分 時，主 要 目 的 是 為 性 罪 犯 的 治 療 、 自 新 、 風 險 評 估 及 風 險 管 理 提 議 一 套 全 面 的 機 制 ， 讓 社 會 大 眾 ── 特 別 是 兒 童 和 易 受 傷 害 人 士 ── 獲 得 較 佳 的 保 障，而 又 不 會 無 理 地 侵 犯 這 些 罪 犯 （ 或 其 家 人 ） 的 私 隱 權 及 其 他 權 利 。 hkreform.gov.hk | The main objective of the Sub-committee in considering this part of the terms of reference is to recommend a holistic scheme for the treatment, rehabilitation, risk assessment and management of sex offenders in order to afford better protection to the community, particularly children and vulnerable persons, without unjustifiably infringing the privacy and other rights of the offenders (or their family members). hkreform.gov.hk |
法庭和其他机构应尽量使强迫失踪作为侵犯人权的延 续 性犯罪 生 效 ， 只要该犯罪或侵犯人权行为的所有要件还未结束。 daccess-ods.un.org | As far as possible, tribunals and other institutions ought to give effect to enforced [...] disappearance as a [...] continuing crime or human right violation for as long as all elements of the crime or the violation [...]are not complete. daccess-ods.un.org |
对案文进行协商的结果是更加重视妇女和儿童 [...] 的权利，并纳入对第十二届联合国预防犯罪和刑事司 法大会的结果宣言和《关于女性囚犯待遇和 女 性罪犯 非拘禁措施的规则》的特别提及。 daccess-ods.un.org | Consultations on the text had resulted in a stronger focus on the rights of women and children and the inclusion of specific references to the outcome declaration of the Twelfth United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention [...] and Criminal Justice and the Rules for the Treatment of [...] Women Prisoners and Non-custodial Measures for Women Offenders. daccess-ods.un.org |
发表和传播研究成果和良好做法范例应当构成相关政策的综合要素，这 [...] 些政策的目的在于改善刑事司法对女 性罪犯 做 出 的回应对女性及其子女产生的 结果并提高其公正性。 daccess-ods.un.org | Publication and dissemination of research and good practice examples shall form comprehensive elements of policies that [...] aim to improve the outcomes and the fairness to women and their children of criminal [...] justice responses to women offenders. daccess-ods.un.org |
规则 69 应作出努力，定期审查、评价和公布与 女 性犯罪 行 为 相关的趋势、问题和因 素，以及对女性罪犯及其 子女重新融入社会的需要做出回应的效果，以期减少这 些妇女对抗刑事司法制度而给她们自身及其子女带来的耻辱和负面影响。 daccess-ods.un.org | Efforts shall be made to review, evaluate and make public periodically the trends, [...] problems and factors [...] associated with offending behaviour in women and the effectiveness in responding to the social reintegration needs of women offenders, as well as [...]their children, in order [...]to reduce the stigmatization and negative impact of those women’s confrontation with the criminal justice system on them. daccess-ods.un.org |
2010 年，大会核可了 两份有关妇女在刑事司法系统中的待遇的新文书：经修订和增订的《在预防犯 [...] 罪和刑事司法领域中消除对妇女暴力行为的示范战略和实际措施》（大会第 65/229 号决议附件）和《联合国关于女性囚犯待遇和 女 性罪犯 非 拘 禁措施的规 则》（《曼谷规则》）（大会第 65/228 号决议附件）。 daccess-ods.un.org | In 2010, two new instruments related to the treatment of women in the criminal justice system were endorsed by the General Assembly: the revised and updated Model Strategies and Practical Measures on the Elimination of Violence against Women in the Field of Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice (General Assembly resolution 65/229, annex) and the United Nations [...] Rules for the Treatment [...] of Women Prisoners and Non-custodial Measures for Women Offenders (the Bangkok Rules) [...](Assembly resolution 65/228, annex). daccess-ods.un.org |
( 严重的性罪犯) 法》与在Fardon 一案中参照的《危险囚犯 ( 性罪犯) 法》具有同样的实质性效果――在对社区的风险预测基础上不进行刑事 审判加以监禁，向高等法院上诉在客观上是无效的。 daccess-ods.un.org | Considering that the CSSOA and the Dangerous Prisoners (Sexual Offenders) Act considered in Fardon have the same [...] substantive [...]effect – imprisonment without a criminal trial on the basis of a prediction of risk to the community – the appeal to the High Court was objectively ineffective. daccess-ods.un.org |
當 地 警 方 將 會 在 性 罪 犯 名 冊 上 記 錄 所 收 集 到 的 資 料 [...] ， 並 且 可 以 增 補 其 他 有 關 資 料 ， 例 如 罪 犯 過 往 的 刑 事 定 罪 紀 錄 、 受 害 人 的 描 述 、 犯 罪 手 [...]法 、 風 險 評 估 級 別 、 過 往 使 用 武 器 或 濫 用 藥 物 的 紀 錄 等 。 hkreform.gov.hk | The local police would record the collected [...] information in the sex offender register and [...]may add other relevant information, such [...]as the offender's previous criminal convictions, description of victim(s), modus operandi, assessed level of risk, history of weapon use or of drug abuse. hkreform.gov.hk |
刑法典》的第二卷第一篇的“侵犯人身罪”包括侵犯生命罪、侵犯子宫 内生命罪、侵犯身体完整性罪、侵犯 人 身 自由罪和 侵 犯性 自 由及性自决罪等。 daccess-ods.un.org | Book II, Title I of the CCM dedicated [...] to “Crimes against Persons” includes crimes against life, intrauterine life, physical integrity, personal freedom, freedom and sexual selfdetermination, etc. daccess-ods.un.org |
(g) 法院在处理对儿童的性犯罪案件时，并不总把犯罪人故意对儿童实施 这类犯罪视为一个因素。 daccess-ods.un.org | (g) A perpetrator’s intent to specifically [...] target a child is not a factor that is consistently taken into account by courts [...]for cases concerning child victims of sex offences. daccess-ods.un.org |
有证据 表明，经济趋势与侵占性犯罪有着 密切的联系，在经济紧张的情况下，这类犯 罪的犯罪率可能会上升。 daccess-ods.un.org | There is evidence suggesting that economic trends have a close link with acquisitive crimes, whose levels can increase in situations of economic stress. daccess-ods.un.org |
一些关于性犯罪和儿 童保护的法律，也可以用于起诉色情贩运和儿童贩运 罪行。 daccess-ods.un.org | Some laws covering sexual offences and child protection [...] can also be used to prosecute sex trafficking and child trafficking offences. daccess-ods.un.org |
第三，卢旺达问题国际刑事法庭和前南斯拉夫问 题国际刑事法庭的后续机制为审查从起 诉 性犯罪和 基于性别的犯罪方面 学到的经验教训提供了机会；这 些经验教训可以适用于未来的国际法庭和国内司法 [...] 程序。 daccess-ods.un.org | Thirdly, the follow-up mechanism for the International Criminal Tribunals in Rwanda and the former Yugoslavia offers the opportunity for a review [...] of lessons learned from the [...] prosecution of sexual and gender-based crimes; these lessons can [...]be applied to future international [...]tribunals and domestic judicial processes. daccess-ods.un.org |
2010 年，萨尔瓦多颁布了《国内妇女无暴力生活法》，界定并划定了两种 杀戮女性罪的类别：罪犯出于 仇恨或基于蔑视 女 性犯 下 的 凶杀 女 性罪 ； 和 罪犯身 为 公务员、“政府官员或警察或军队成员；案情涉及二人或更多人；系当着受害 者家庭任何一位在场亲属的面实施的凶杀；受害者系为未成年人或残疾人；或罪 犯滥用了在家庭中所拥有的任何权威地位，工作或教育环境，即为杀戮女性罪加 [...] 重罪责的情节。 daccess-ods.un.org | In 2010, El Salvador passed the Integral Law for a Life Free of Violence for Women, which defines and [...] classifies two types of femicide: [...] when the perpetrator of the death of a woman is motivated by hatred or contempt based on gender; and aggravated femicide, when the perpetrator is a civil servant, [...]government official [...]or member of the police or army, when two or more persons are involved, when the killing is committed in the presence of any of the victim‘s members of the family, when the victim is a minor or with a disability, or when the aggressor has abused any authoritarian power held in the family, work or educational environment. daccess-ods.un.org |
尤其重要的是，最近在 2005 年通过了对《刑法典》的修正案(所谓《反强 奸法》，提出对轮奸的更严厉惩罚和规定)；《2008 年性犯罪法》设立了蒙特塞拉 特州刑事法院“E”法庭，并规定在每个州设立巡回法 院 性犯罪 问 题 司，赋予各 巡回法院对性犯罪的专 属管辖权；并设立性暴力和基于性别的暴力犯罪问题股。 daccess-ods.un.org | Particularly important are the recent adoption of the 2005 amendments to the penal code (the socalled rape law, which introduced more severe sanctions [...] and provisions on gang [...] rape); the 2008 Sexual Offences Act, which established Criminal Court E in Montserrado County and provided for the establishment of sexual offences divisions of the circuit court in each county, granting exclusive jurisdiction to circuit courts over sexual offences; and the establishment of the Sexual and Gender-Based [...]Violence Crimes Unit. daccess-ods.un.org |
该款规定：圭亚那居民或公 民在圭亚那以外的国家或领土实施的行为或行动如果符合下列条件，则应根据圭 亚那法律，视其为性犯罪：(a ) 根据该国或该领土的现行法律构成犯罪；(b) 如 果该行为或行动发生在圭亚那境内，则会根据本法案构 成 性犯罪。 daccess-ods.un.org | The section provides that any conduct or act done by a resident or citizen of Guyana in a country or territory [...] outside Guyana shall [...] be deemed to be a sexual offence under the law of Guyana if the conduct or act: (a) constituted an offence under the law in force in that country or territory; and (b) would constitute a sexual offence under this Act [...]had it been committed in Guyana. daccess-ods.un.org |
(c) 重新考虑其认为向未成年人购买性行为和对儿童进行剥削的行为属于 “对儿童实施的不太严重的性犯罪” 的 看法，并考虑取消对在境外实施的这类犯 罪规定的须是两国共认罪行的要求 daccess-ods.un.org | (c) Reconsidering its evaluation of the purchase of a sexual act of a minor and exploitation of children for sexual purposes as “less serious sexual offenses against children” and consider removing the requirement of double criminality for such offences when they are committed outside its territory daccess-ods.un.org |
面对毒品贩运这一所有形式的跨国有组 织 犯罪 中最严重、破坏性最大的犯罪形式 ，古巴已经完全 准备好在地区和国际层面上共同做出重要的、一致 的努力，但同时指出，专门或主要在生产和中转中 [...] 心采取行动，问题不能得到解决；主要责任在于大 的消费中心。 daccess-ods.un.org | In the face of drug trafficking, [...] the most destructive of all forms of transnational organized crime, Cuba was totally [...]disposed to collaborate [...]at the regional and international level in serious and concerted efforts, but pointed out that the problem could not be solved by acting exclusively — or even primarily — in centres of production and transit; the fundamental responsibility lay with the major centres of consumption. daccess-ods.un.org |
关于在国外实施的其他罪行，《刑法典》第 9 条规定，巴拉圭刑法只适用于符合 [...] 两国共认罪行之规定的情况，且须满足以下条件，即行为人在犯罪时(a) 拥有巴 拉圭国籍或在犯罪后获得国籍；或(b) [...] 不是巴拉圭国民但却身处巴拉圭境内且引 渡已被拒绝，尽管根据犯罪性质本 可依法允许；这一规定也应适用于犯罪地没有 规定惩罚的情况。 daccess-ods.un.org | Concerning other offences committed abroad, under article 9 of the Criminal Code, Paraguayan criminal law shall apply only when the dual criminality requirement is met and if at the time of commission, the perpetrator (a) held Paraguayan nationality or acquired it after the offence was committed; or (b) was not a Paraguayan national but was present in Paraguay [...] and extradition had been refused [...] even though the nature of the offence would have made [...]it legally permissible; this provision [...]shall also apply where there is no provision for punishment in the place of commission. daccess-ods.un.org |
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