▾

External sources (not reviewed)

Overall, countries that were economically diverse fared much better than those relying on single-commodity exports or a narrow foreign exchange earnings source, such as tourism or remittances.

[...] [...] Austrian Aliens Police Law (Federal Law [...] [...]

[...] [...] communities, are homeless, are in institutions [...] [...]

[...] that can be attributed in large part [...] [...]

Remittances are usually used for consumption instead of productive investment and the subsequent influx of foreign currency and more pricecompetitive imported goods could stifle local manufacturing.

[...] Regulation that came into force in [...] [...]

Such measures could not be considered excessive but must be seen in the context of States’ obligations regarding the return of their nationals.

These supportive measures included the steady rise in ODA, foreign direct investment, and remittance flows to least developed countries and the implementation of major debtrelief initiatives and preferential trade agreements, as well as unilateral trade liberalization that favoured many least developed countries.

[...] condemned the use of the diaspora tax by the [...] [...]

[...] [...] silence, questions of attribution of conduct to the [...] [...]

Other issues that emerged in the discussion were the potential roles of state purchases as sources of innovation and of diaspora as innovation capital.

[...] [...] probation supervision, homeless people, cooperative [...] [...]

As part of the same Israeli policy that flouts all relevant resolutions of international legitimacy, in particular resolution 497 (1981), which provides that the Israeli decision to annex the Syrian Golan is null and void and has no legal effect, Israel is continuing to refuse to return the occupied Syrian Golan to its motherland, Syria, and is pursuing its settlement policies, terrorist actions, acts of racial discrimination, attempts to humiliate Syrian citizens, divide the occupied Syrian Golan and build a separation wall in the Golan east of the village of Majdal Shams.

They advocated alternatives to detention for parents of children affected by these measures, in particular for pregnant women and mothers, including when these are foreigners or aliens in irregular administrative status.

There has also been increasingly vocal resistance from some parts of the Eritrean diaspora against aspects of the 2 per cent diaspora tax, especially the more coercive methods used to enforce its collection and the lack of transparency with respect to its expenditure.

This support proved important in offsetting the negative impact of the global economic and financial crisis on the country’s tourism sector, foreign direct investment and remittances.

However, some developing countries, heavily dependent on exports of raw material, aid or remittances may also be severely affected.

If that trend continued, that would create severe hardships for large populations dependent on remittances, particularly families in lower income groups, quite apart from the difficulties with the current account balances.

A sessional paper on youth labour export that will guide labour migration for youth seeking employment outside the country, a diaspora policy and a labour migration policy that seek to mainstream diaspora involvement in the development agenda and provide framework for movement of labour are in the process of development.

Referring to the call made by several States for measures to strengthen the integration of foreigners, Amnesty International urged Liechtenstein to amend the new Foreign National Act to avoid the creation of additional groups of non-citizens and to ensure that non-citizens are not discriminated against, especially with regard to their right to family reunification.

[...] request to protect its citizens against [...] [...]

It should strengthen its work on the contribution of migrants to development; potential benefits and opportunities for trade, investment and development, and links between migrants’ countries of origin and migrant communities abroad; maximizing the benefits of remittances for development, temporary and circular migration; diaspora networks between communities abroad and their countries of origin and their potential benefits, gender-related migration; the brain drain, and migrants’ contribution to their countries of origin upon returning home.

[...] [...] survivors and the Diaspora One Dollar [...]

[...] and better leverage remittances [...] [...]

GISTI, an association that defends the rights of foreign workers, points out, for example, that at Bondi on 26 September, at SaintDenis on 10 October, and at Bagnolet on 24 October 2007 and in other cities, the police carried out down raids on sites occupied by Roma (Bulgarian and Romanian nationals), loaded the occupants onto specially chartered buses, and gave them the choice between “prison” and immediate departure to their countries of origin “with return assistance”.

New sources include diaspora bonds, which are a debt instrument issued by a country, or potentially by a sub-sovereign entity, or by a private corporation, in order to raise financing from its overseas diaspora population.