| 单词 | 小额金融 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 小额金融 noun —microfinance nSee also:小额 n—microcredit n • microinsurance n 金融 adj—financial adj • monetary adj 金融 n—finance n • banking n 金额 n—amounts pl • sum n
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我们强调，有必要以协调一致的方式适当支持发展中国家的努力，包括 在小 额金融服务 (包括小额信贷)机构的能力建设方面。 daccess-ods.un.org | We underline the need to appropriately support, in a coordinated manner, the efforts of developing countries, including in capacity-building for their microfinance, including microcredit institutions. daccess-ods.un.org |
据估计，尽管小额金融业有 了很大的发展，但许多小企业依然 难以获得信贷。 daccess-ods.un.org | It is estimated that, despite the enormous [...] expansion of the microfinance industry, many small businesses still [...]lack access to credit. daccess-ods.un.org |
因此，它提供了一种可为多种 交易提供便利的现代法律框架，其中包 括 小额金融 交 易。 daccess-ods.un.org | As a result, it provides a modern legal framework that can facilitate a wide range of [...] transactions, including micro-finance transactions. daccess-ods.un.org |
似 宜审查可否在比目前更广泛的基础上 向 小额金融 机 构 发放办理国际汇款的牌 照，以便它们能够向客户提供这种重要服务。 daccess-ods.un.org | It may be appropriate to examine [...] whether licenses to handle [...] international remittances of funds may be granted to [...]MFIs on a wider basis than is currently the case, [...]so that they can provide this important service to clients. daccess-ods.un.org |
小额金融可以通过提供小企业贷款、众人参加的借贷机制和安全的存钱机 构，增强穷人的权能，从而有效地减少贫穷，而 且 小额金融 在 促 进中小型企业以 及减少穷人遭受贫穷和气候变化影响的风险方面可发挥重要作用。 daccess-ods.un.org | Microfinance can be effective in poverty alleviation, by empowering the poor through small business loans, group participatory lending structures and safe institutions for saving money, and it has a key role to play in promoting small and medium-sized [...] enterprises and reducing [...]the vulnerability of the poor to the impacts of poverty and climate change. daccess-ods.un.org |
虽然一些当局已经禁止金融机构的资产组合出现货币不匹配现象， 但许多国家仍没有适当的法律框架处理此类复杂 的 小额金融 跨 境 筹资问题。 daccess-ods.un.org | While some authorities already prohibit currency mismatches in the portfolios of financial [...] institutions, many countries do not possess an adequate legal framework to address [...] such complex microfinance cross-border funding. daccess-ods.un.org |
委员会还商定，秘书处应当在资源允许的情 况下就下列议题进行研究供委员会审议：㈠过度抵押和使用无经济价值的抵押 品；㈡电子资金，包括其作为储蓄的地位；电子资金“发行人”是否在从事银 行业务，因此应受哪一类监管；存款保险计划对这类资金的涵盖；㈢为解 决小 额金融交易产生的争议提供公平、迅捷、透明和低成本程序；㈣促进对微型企 业和中小企业使用担保借贷并确保其透明度。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Commission also agreed that the Secretariat should, resources permitting, undertake research for consideration by the Commission on the following items: (i) overcollateralization and the use of collateral with no economic value; (ii) e-money, including its status as savings; whether “issuers” of e-money were engaged in banking and hence what type of regulation they were [...] subject to; and the [...] coverage of such funds by deposit insurance schemes; (iii) provision for fair, rapid, transparent and inexpensive processes for the resolution of disputes arising from microfinance transactions; [...](iv) facilitating the [...]use of, and ensuring transparency in, secured lending to microenterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises. daccess-ods.un.org |
该项目由当地的商会和主 要小额金融机构 合作实施，目的是促进获得公正解决的权利、控制交易成本并 [...] 使利用仲裁解决低值案件制度化。 daccess-ods.un.org | The project, a collaboration of a local Chamber of [...] Commerce and leading microfinance institutions, [...]aims to facilitate access to justice, contain [...]transaction costs and institutionalise the use of arbitration for low value cases. daccess-ods.un.org |
应与制定其他社会、经济和环境 政策的工作协调，以制定普惠金融政策，确保充分重视保健、能源、教育和生活 [...] 技能、技术和运输等领域，并在这些领域进行投资，这种重视和投资可以补充和 增强小额金融服务的积极效果和潜力。 daccess-ods.un.org | Financial inclusion policies should be developed in coordination with other social, economic and environmental policies to ensure adequate attention to and investment in areas such as health care, energy, education and [...] livelihood skills, technology and transport, which complement and support the [...] positive effects and potential of microfinance. daccess-ods.un.org |
可能添加到议程中的其他专题包括：《指南》关 于 小额金融 背景 下担保权的补编，和一套关于建立有效和高效担保交易制度的原则。 daccess-ods.un.org | Other possible topics that may be added to the agenda [...] include: a supplement to the Guide on [...] security rights in a microfinance context and a [...]set of principles for establishing effective [...]and efficient secured transactions systems. daccess-ods.un.org |
有 一些成功的事例——例子包括斯里兰卡的 Hatton 国民商业银行，以及印度的几 [...] 家私人银行通过国家农业和农村发展银行启动的方案——但尝试发 展 小额金融 业务 的许多商业银行面临很多问题，而没有实现必要程度的扩展。 daccess-ods.un.org | Although there are success stories — examples include Hatton National Commercial Bank in Sri Lanka, and a number of private banks in India through a programme started by the National Bank of Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) — [...] many of the commercial banks that have [...] tried to develop microfinance activities have [...]faced considerable problems, and have [...]not achieved the needed levels of outreach. daccess-ods.un.org |
因此，取得其他偿债保证，例 [...] 如，由亲友提供担保，用动产作质押或者以不动产作抵押，就成为每 项 小额金 融交易的一个组成部分。 daccess-ods.un.org | Thus, obtaining other assurances of repayment, such as guarantees from friends and [...] family, pledges of movable assets and mortgages of immovable property are an [...] integral part of every microfinance transaction. daccess-ods.un.org |
开发计划署的代表举例说明开发计划署的穷人法律赋权工 [...] 作可以受益于贸易法委员会的工作，特别是在规 范 小额金融 、 微 型企业、获得 公平审理机会以及强制执行合同方面的工作。 daccess-ods.un.org | A representative of UNDP provided examples in which its work on the legal empowerment of the poor could benefit from [...] UNCITRAL work, in particular regarding [...] regulation of microfinance, micro-businesses, [...]access to justice and enforcement of contracts. daccess-ods.un.org |
在 此，关切的问题包括所有者提供 小额金融 机 构 发展所必需的资本的能力、非政 府组织管理层的经验和能力以及管理吸纳存款金融机构的雇员。 daccess-ods.un.org | Concerns here include the capacity of the owners to provide the capital necessary for the MFI to thrive, as well the experience and competence of NGO management, and employees to run a deposit-taking financial institution. daccess-ods.un.org |
小额金融可以 而且已经对妇 女赋权起到一定的促进作用，但重要的是必须认识到，诸如对性别问题有敏感认 [...] 识的立法和免费教育等因素也很关键，而且相辅相成。 daccess-ods.un.org | Microfinance can and does contribute [...] to some measures of women’s empowerment, but it is important to recognize that other [...]factors, such as gender-sensitive legislation and free education, are also crucial and mutually reinforcing. daccess-ods.un.org |
后来添加了其他专题， [...] 如贸易融资合同、海上运输、电子商务、采购、国际商事调解、破产、担保权 益、网上争议解决和小额金融。 daccess-ods.un.org | Other topics, such as trade financing contracts, maritime transport, electronic commerce, procurement, international [...] commercial conciliation, insolvency, security interests, online dispute [...] resolution and microfinance have subsequently [...]been added. daccess-ods.un.org |
因此，小额金融可以 成为一个较广泛的发展平台，推动实现千 年发展目标。 daccess-ods.un.org | Microfinance can thus serve as a broader [...] development platform and advance progress towards the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. daccess-ods.un.org |
作为其他选择，委员会可考虑将其中所确 [...] 定的问题中的一些问题分开，交不同的工作组审议；召集另一次学术讨论会或 另一个专家组；或与其他标准制定机构合作制定促 进 小额金融 的 示 范规则和合 同。 daccess-ods.un.org | As yet further options, the Commission may consider separating some of the Identified Issues for consideration by separate working groups; commencing another colloquium or expert [...] group; or collaborating with other standard-setting bodies in developing model [...] rules and contracts promoting microfinance. daccess-ods.un.org |
提到以共识为主 导、述及建立有利于小额金融的法 律框架所要求的各要素的法律文书对于世界 各地尤其是发展中国家和转型期经济国家的立法者和决策者非常有价值。 daccess-ods.un.org | It was mentioned that consensus-oriented legal [...] instruments discussing the various elements required to establish a favourable legal framework for microfinance would be highly [...]valuable for legislators [...]and policymakers around the world, particularly in developing countries and countries with economies in transition. daccess-ods.un.org |
为确保小额金融服务 的消费者有必要的 技能来作出明智的财务选择，消费者教育也是一个关键。 daccess-ods.un.org | Consumer education is also key to ensuring that [...] consumers of microfinance services have [...]the skills necessary to make informed financial choices. daccess-ods.un.org |
尽管小额信贷峰会运动发现 68%以上的小额金融客户 在申请第一笔贷款时的 确非常贫困，但有人断言小额金融通 常 很难惠及最贫困人民；对于他们而言，补 贴、赠款和提供现金转移、住房、粮食援助和就业的其他保障网络方案更为有用。 daccess-ods.un.org | Whereas the Microcredit [...] Summit Campaign found that more than 68 per cent of all microfinance clients were very poor at the time of their first loan, others assert that microfinance generally [...]does not reach the poorest, [...]who are better served by subsidies, grants and other safety net programmes providing cash transfers, shelter, food aid and employment. daccess-ods.un.org |
制作并播放了共计一个小时的电视专题 节目，内容涉及职业培训、教师的作用、 全球金融危机对发展中国家的影响、小 额金融、替代能源及青年就业。 daccess-ods.un.org | 8 Television features of a total of one hour were produced and aired on vocational training, the role of [...] teachers, and the impact [...] of global financial crisis on developing countries, microfinance, alternative [...]energy and youth employment. daccess-ods.un.org |
开发署协理署长首先介绍了这一项目，同时赞扬了资发基金，因为该基金在 援助最贫穷者协商小组 2009 [...] 年的所有双边和多边参与机构开展的 小额金融 捐助方评级(巧妙援助指数)工作方面的成绩名列前茅。 daccess-ods.un.org | The UNDP Associate Administrator opened the item, commending UNCDF for scoring in the top tier of all bilateral and multilateral agencies [...] participating in the 2009 Consultative Group to [...] Assist the Poorest microfinance donor rating [...]exercise (Smart Aid Index). daccess-ods.un.org |
在反洗钱和打 击恐怖主义融资领域，要求金融机构“了解客户”的国际规范和国家规则可能 难以以合理费用在贫穷且往往非常分散 的 小额金融 客 户 中间实施；这可能表明 需要对小额金融机构 采取不那么严格的遵守标准。 daccess-ods.un.org | In the area of anti-money-laundering and countering the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT), [...] international norms and national [...] rules requiring financial institutions to “know their customers” could be difficult to implement at a reasonable cost among the poor and often widely dispersed clientele of microfinance; this may suggest [...]a less stringent compliance standard for MFIs. daccess-ods.un.org |
在白俄罗斯，开发署帮助劳动和社会保护部制订了一套务实的建议，供小 [...] 规模和特别脆弱城镇的地方政府确定创新性举措，应对全球经济危机带来的社会后 果，这些举措包括促进创业、自营职业、金融知识扫盲 和 小额金融 服 务 机会。 daccess-ods.un.org | In Belarus, UNDP helped the Ministry of Labour and Social Protection to develop a set of practical recommendations to local governments of small and particularly vulnerable towns to identify innovative initiatives to respond to social consequences of the global [...] economic crisis, including entrepreneurship promotion, [...] self-employment, financial literacy and microfinance opportunities. daccess-ods.un.org |
因此，为小额金融业制定新的争议解决法律和政策的一个必要 先决条件，似乎是参照联合王国调查员办公室的做法，把个 别 小额金融 机 构可 能已收集的关于客户投诉类型以及如何解决这些投诉的数据综合起来。 daccess-ods.un.org | Therefore, it would [...] seem that a necessary precursor to developing new dispute resolution law and policy for microfinance would be to aggregate data which individual MFIs may already collect on the types of client [...]complaints [...]and how they are resolved, such as the UK Ombudsman does. daccess-ods.un.org |
关键挑战是继续而且在可能的情况下加快发 展 小额金融 业 ， 更好地利用新 的电子技术，使小额金融业能 够帮助越来越穷和越来越边远的人民，尤其是帮助 农村地区的人民，并减少成本。 daccess-ods.un.org | The key challenges are to continue and, if possible, accelerate the scaling-up of the microfinance industry, to reach increasingly poor and remote people, especially in rural areas, and to reduce costs, taking better advantage of new electronic technologies. daccess-ods.un.org |
认识到小额金融对于 这些国家的国民经济和减贫战略非常重要，贸易法 委员会及时作出努力，可以创建有利的环境，促进形成以健全的法律原则和透 [...] 明的监管制度为指导的市场。 daccess-ods.un.org | Recognizing the [...] importance of microfinance in the national [...]economy and poverty alleviation strategies of these countries, [...]UNCITRAL’s timely efforts can create an enabling environment for markets guided by sound legal principles and transparent regulatory systems. daccess-ods.un.org |
例如，家用物品之类的抵押品可能无法办理担保权通知登 记，登记过程可能过于冗长，增加了 小额金融 机 构 的成本。 daccess-ods.un.org | For example, registration of notices of security interests may not be available with respect to collateral such as household goods, or the registration process may be simply too lengthy and add an additional cost for MFIs. daccess-ods.un.org |
援助贫穷者协商小组 2008 年对小额金融机构的调查发现，粮食危机导 致客户减少食物消费，并导致客户缩减保健等其他开支、取出储蓄以及许多人感 [...] 到难以支付账单。 daccess-ods.un.org | A survey in 2008 by the Consultative Group to Assist [...] the Poor of microfinance institutions found that the food [...]crisis led to clients consuming [...]less food as well as cutting back on other spending, including on health, withdrawing savings and, in many cases, struggling with payments. daccess-ods.un.org |
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