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最后，在司法或独立机构没有干预或未能进行审查时，内容就经常被封杀。 daccess-ods.un.org	Lastly, content is frequently blocked without the intervention [...] of or possibility for review by a judicial or independent body. daccess-ods.un.org
然而，他还感到关切的是，国家常常过于倚重封杀措施，而不是把努力重点放在制作和传播儿童色情的 [...] 责任人提出起诉上。 daccess-ods.un.org	However, he is also concerned that States frequently [...] rely heavily on blocking measures, rather [...] than focusing their efforts on prosecuting [...] those responsible for the production and dissemination of child pornography. daccess-ods.un.org
缺乏对这些措施的透明度也使得难以查明封杀或过滤对国家所提出的所谓目标是否真的必要。 daccess-ods.un.org	The lack of transparency surrounding [...] these measures also makes it difficult to [...] ascertain whether blocking or filtering is [...] really necessary for the purported aims put forward by States. daccess-ods.un.org
然而，特 [...] 别报告员呼吁各国将努力集中于起诉那些生产和传播儿童色情产品的责任人，而不是仅靠封杀措施。 daccess-ods.un.org	However, the Special Rapporteur calls upon States to focus their efforts on [...] prosecuting those responsible for the production and dissemination of child [...] pornography, rather than on blocking measures alone. daccess-ods.un.org
Twitter和 Facebook 等社交平台都被封杀，最近在整个中东和北非地区发 [...] 生的抗议潮时便是如此。 daccess-ods.un.org	During such times, websites of opposition parties, independent media, and [...] social networking platforms such as Twitter and [...] Facebook are blocked, as witnessed [...] in the context of recent protests across the [...] Middle East and North African region. daccess-ods.un.org
它注意到，有些非政府组织认 [...] 为，该国的新闻界是“部分自由”，而且玻利维亚已经采取了一些步骤封杀不同政见和对政府的批评意见。 daccess-ods.un.org	It noted that some non-governmental organizations had characterized the [...] country’s press as “partly free” and that Bolivia had [...] taken some steps to silence dissent [...] and criticism of the Government. daccess-ods.un.org
所以，特别报告员要求目前封杀网站的国家提供被封的网站的清单以及封杀每个网站的必要性和理由的细节。 daccess-ods.un.org	As such, the Special Rapporteur [...] calls upon States that [...] currently block websites to provide lists of blocked websites and full details regarding the necessity and justification for blocking each individual [...] website. daccess-ods.un.org
具体地说，第四章描述了各国所采 [...] 取的一些方式，日益加强审查网上信息，即主要通过：任意封杀或过滤内容；对合法言论加以定罪；施加中间商责任；切断用户的互联网接入，包括以知识产权 [...] 法为由切断接入；网络袭击；以及对隐私权和数据保护不足。 daccess-ods.un.org	More specifically, chapter IV outlines some of the ways in which States are increasingly [...] censoring information online, namely [...] through: arbitrary blocking or filtering of content; [...] criminalization of legitimate [...] expression; imposition of intermediary liability; disconnecting users from Internet access, including on the basis of intellectual property rights law; cyberattacks; and inadequate protection of the right to privacy and data protection. daccess-ods.un.org
特别报告员指出，儿童色情是有理由采取封杀措施的一个清楚的例外情况，条件是国家的法律足够确切，并且针对侵权或滥用存在有效的保障，包括有 [...] 一个独立和不偏不倚的法庭或监管机构进行监督和审查。 daccess-ods.un.org	The Special Rapporteur notes that child pornography is one clear [...] exception where blocking measures can be [...] justified, provided that the national law [...] is sufficiently precise and there are effective safeguards against abuse or misuse, including oversight and review by an independent and impartial tribunal or regulatory body. daccess-ods.un.org
中国有着控制互联网信息的最尖端和广泛的系统，采用了庞大的过滤系统来封杀含有如“民主”和“人权”等关键词的网站。 daccess-ods.un.org	China, which has in place one of the most sophisticated and extensive systems for controlling information on the Internet, has adopted extensive filtering systems that block access to websites containing key terms such as “democracy” and “human rights”.15 [...] The Special Rapporteur is deeply concerned [...] that mechanisms used to regulate and [...] censor information on the Internet are increasingly [...] sophisticated, with multi-layered controls that are often hidden from the public. daccess-ods.un.org
下面的场景也被封杀（不显示在模拟器打埃斯特万头）。 zh-cn.seekcartoon.com	The following scene is also censored (it does not show the simulator hit Esteban on the head). seekcartoon.com
第三，有正当理由，封杀对实现其据称的目标仍然是没有必要或过度的，因为它们往往缺乏充分的针对性，使得大量超出 [...] 了被视为非法的范畴的内容无法接入。 daccess-ods.un.org	Thirdly, even where justification [...] is provided, blocking measures constitute [...] an unnecessary or disproportionate means to [...] achieve the purported aim, as they are often not sufficiently targeted and render a wide range of content inaccessible beyond that which has been deemed illegal. daccess-ods.un.org
封杀指的是为防止某些内容达及某终端用户而采取的措施。 daccess-ods.un.org	Blocking refers to measures [...] taken to prevent certain content from reaching an enduser. daccess-ods.un.org
很多国家通过了法律对中间商施加责任，如果他们对被视为非法的用户所发的内容不加以过滤、删除或封杀的话。 daccess-ods.un.org	Many States have adopted laws which impose [...] liability upon intermediaries if they do not [...] filter, remove or block content generated [...] by users which is deemed illegal. daccess-ods.un.org
与定时封杀类似，这种袭击有时在关键的政治关头进行。 daccess-ods.un.org	As with timed blocking, such attacks are [...] sometimes undertaken during key political moments. daccess-ods.un.org
Bachr 先生还开设了一个网站，现在已被封杀，他曾经在该网站上和平地发表他的意见。 daccess-ods.un.org	Mr. Al-Bachr also ran a website, [...] which is now blocked, where he used to [...] peacefully express his opinions. daccess-ods.un.org
对于儿童色情产品，特别报告员指出，这是有理由采取封杀措施的一个清楚例子，前提是国家法律应足够确切，并且对滥用和错用有充分的保障以防任何 [...] “任务滞缓”，包括由独立和公正的法庭或监管机构加以监督和审查。 daccess-ods.un.org	With regard to child pornography, the [...] Special Rapporteur notes that it is one clear [...] exception where blocking measures are justified, [...] provided that the national law [...] is sufficiently precise and there are sufficient safeguards against abuse or misuse to prevent any “mission creep”, including oversight and review by an independent and impartial tribunal or regulatory body. daccess-ods.un.org
虽然封杀和过滤措施使得人们无法接触互联网上的某些内容，但国家还采 [...] 取措施完全切断互联网的接入。 daccess-ods.un.org	While blocking and filtering measures [...] deny access to certain content on the Internet, States have also taken measures to [...] cut off access to the Internet entirely. daccess-ods.un.org
这就导致了对互联网的限制增加，通过使用日益尖端的技术来封杀内容，监视和识别活跃分子和异见者，对合法言论加以定罪， [...] 并通过限制性立法将这些措施合法化。 daccess-ods.un.org	This has led to increased restrictions on the Internet [...] through the use of increasingly sophisticated [...] technologies to block content, monitor [...] and identify activists and critics, criminalization [...] of legitimate expression, and adoption of restrictive legislation to justify such measures. daccess-ods.un.org
经过一系列封堵措施的尝试后，“减压井”被认为是完成此次 ” 封杀 “ 任务的最佳方法。 ba-repsasia.com	The relief well is meant to be the final solution after several short-term attempts such as the [...] containment dome and top kill failed. ba-repsasia.com
2008 年 12 月 17 日和 18 日日内瓦会谈期间，讨论了“事故防止和应对机制”，但众所周知，俄罗斯联邦及其控制下的伪政权对此进行了封杀。 daccess-ods.un.org	The Incident Prevention and Response Mechanism discussed during the Geneva talks on 17 and 18 December 2008 and blocked, as is widely known, by the Russian Federation and the proxy regimes under its control, was designed to prevent and investigate facts similar to those indicated above. daccess-ods.un.org
令特别报告员感到关切的是，还出现了每当关键的政治性时刻就定时(或 “准时” ) 实行封杀，以防用户此时上网取得或传播信息，如在选举、社会骚乱 [...] 时期，或逢重大政治或历史性周年之际。 daccess-ods.un.org	The Special Rapporteur is also [...] concerned by the emerging trend of timed (or [...] “justin-time”) blocking to prevent users [...] from accessing or disseminating information [...] at key political moments, such as elections, times of social unrest, or anniversaries of politically or historically significant events. daccess-ods.un.org
此外，国际传媒集团应遵守道德标准，并且还应保持其公信力，特别是通过报道巴勒斯坦 [...] 人民身受苦难的实情，这些都是以色列公然违反人权原则和国际法的规定，实施侵略、封锁、杀戮和定居点扩建政策的结果。 daccess-ods.un.org	Moreover, international media conglomerates should abide by ethical standards and also maintain their credibility by, inter alia, broadcasting the facts about the suffering of the Palestinian [...] people as a result of the [...] policies of aggression, blockade, killing and settlement expansion [...] being pursued by Israel in [...] flagrant violation of human rights principles and the provisions of international law. daccess-ods.un.org
与此同时，以色列非但不接纳阿拉伯国家伸出来的和平之手，反而对西岸进行攻击，在杰宁和纳布卢斯实施屠杀，对手无寸铁的巴勒斯坦人民实施封锁，专门杀害妇女和儿童，亵渎宗教场所，改变耶路撒冷的特征并使之犹太化，实行焦土政策、集体惩罚和大规模逮捕做法，在被占领巴勒斯坦土地上建设定居点 [...] 和修建种族主义的隔离墙。 daccess-ods.un.org	Meanwhile, instead of reaching out to the Arab hand outstretched in peace, Israel responded by attacking the West Bank and carrying out the [...] Jenin and Nablus [...] massacres, enforcing a blockade on the defenceless Palestinian people, and by specializing in killing women and children, [...] desecrating places [...] of worship, changing the character of Jerusalem and Judaizing it, carrying out a scorched-earth policy and collective punishment and mass arrests and building settlements and constructing the racist separation wall on occupied Palestinian lands. daccess-ods.un.org
关键是理解以色列的民主和人 [...] 权观念，其中包括占领他人的土地、修建定居点、非法拘留巴勒斯坦人、针对该地区国家发动战争、对加沙实施不人道的封锁、执行暗杀以及在被占领土上亵渎基督教和穆斯林圣地。 daccess-ods.un.org	It was crucial to understand the Israeli concept of democracy and human rights, which included occupying others’ lands, building settlements, illegally detaining Palestinians, launching wars against the States [...] of the region, imposing [...] an inhuman blockade on Gaza, carrying out assassinations, and desecrating [...] Christian and Muslim holy [...] sites in the Occupied Territory. daccess-ods.un.org
中东区域的主要问题是巴勒斯坦问题以及以色 [...] 列继续占领西岸、戈兰高地和黎巴嫩南部沙巴阿农场的阿拉伯领土问题，此外还有战争的威胁和以色列对加沙地带的扼杀性封锁。 daccess-ods.un.org	The major problems in the Middle East region are the question of Palestine and the continued Israeli occupation of Arab territories in the West Bank, the Golan Heights and the Shaba’a [...] farmlands in southern Lebanon, in addition to the threat of [...] war and the strangulating Israeli blockade of the Gaza Strip. daccess-ods.un.org
会议还呼吁所有缔约国即使在目前这种财政困难的情况下也坚定地致力于实现一个无杀伤人员地雷的世界，让人人的权利都得到尊重，男女老幼都能有尊严地过着幸福生活。 daccess-ods.un.org	The Meeting also called on all States Parties to recommit, even in difficult financial times, to realising a world without anti-personnel mines, where the rights of all are respected and where all women, girls, boys and men can live in dignity and prosperity. daccess-ods.un.org
在以下具体预防犯罪领域进行了研究或传播了研究结果：规划国家技术援 [...] 助方案；闭路电视的最有效利用；评估法院分流方案；预防网络犯罪和身份犯罪；犯罪置换的风险和预防犯罪举措促成犯罪的影响；预防金融犯罪；欺诈和 [...] 洗钱；预防恐怖主义活动和资助恐怖主义行为；禁毒执法对策；减少与酗酒有关的暴力；亲密伴侣实施的暴力或凶杀；人口贩运；以及关于重罪和有组织犯罪以及预防山林纵火的会议。 daccess-ods.un.org	Specific areas of research and dissemination of findings related to crime prevention include: planning for a national programme of technical assistance; the most effective use of closed-circuit television; evaluations of court diversion programmes; the prevention of cybercrime and identity crime; the risks of crime displacement and criminogenic effects of crime prevention initiatives; the prevention of financial crime; fraud and money-laundering; the prevention of terrorist activities and the financing of terrorism; law enforcement responses to drugs; the reduction of [...] alcohol-related violence; intimate [...] partner violence and homicide; human trafficking; [...] and conferences on serious and organized [...] crime and on bushfire arson prevention. daccess-ods.un.org
因此，这些缔约国必须做出具体努力，确保所提供的每一内有或被怀疑内有地雷的雷区信息尽可能完备，即：包括所确定的每一雷区的名称、确切的地理位置、面积、该雷区布设的杀伤人员地雷数量估计、清除过的地带、使雷区不再构成危险而采取的措施、销毁的杀伤人员地雷数量、地带清除完毕的日期以及仍待清除的雷区面积。 daccess-ods.un.org	Accordingly, these State parties must make a particular effort to ensure that the information they provide on each area that contains mines or is suspected to contain mines is as comprehensive as possible, i.e. that it includes the name of each area identified, its precise geographical location, its size, the estimated quantity of anti-personnel mines emplaced in the area, the area of land released, the methods used to make the area non-hazardous, the quantity of anti-personnel mines destroyed, the date of land release and lastly the size of the area still to be cleared, if applicable. daccess-ods.un.org

封杀 ()—

block (almost always used)

See also:

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杀—

封 v—

封—

杀 v—

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External sources (not reviewed)

封杀 ()—

block (almost always used)

See also:

封—

杀—

封 v—

封—

杀 v—

▾External sources (not reviewed)

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External sources (not reviewed)