| 单词 | 宪法监护委员会 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 宪法监护委员会 —Guardian Council, body of 12 appointed clerics which govern |
在审判的前一天，宪法监护委员会27 秘书 Ayatollah Ahmad Jannati敦促司法部门对“与真主为敌”罪施以严厉的处罚。 daccess-ods.un.org | A day before the trial, Ayatollah Ahmad Jannati, the Secretary of the [...] Guardian Council,27 urged the judiciary to impose harsh [...]penalties formohareb offences. daccess-ods.un.org |
省级刑事法院可以调查和审判确定国家利益委 员 会 和宪法监护委员会 成 员、部长和副部长、政府三个分支的高级顾问、大使、总检察长、审计庭长、 法官、州长、军方和警方准将以上官员以及各省情报部的局长。 daccess-ods.un.org | The provincial criminal court can [...] investigate and try offenses by members of the Expediency Council, Guardian Council of the Constitution, ministers and [...]vice-ministers, senior [...]advisors to the three branches of the governments, ambassadors, prosecutor general, president of the Auditing Tribunal, judges, governors general, and military and police officers above the rank of brigadier general and directors general of intelligence ministry in provinces. daccess-ods.un.org |
根据第338 条建立的全国在册种姓委员会，是一 个 宪法监 察 机 构，拥有保 护和促进在册种姓权益的广泛权力。 daccess-ods.un.org | There is a National Commission for Scheduled Castes, a Constitutional Ombudsman body, set up under Article 338 having wide powers to protect and promote [...] the interests of SCs, [...]and a National Commission for Scheduled Tribes as well. daccess-ods.un.org |
当局还报告说，正在监护 委员会待审的少年司法订正 条款将以教育和矫正措施取代对较轻犯罪的所有处 罚。 daccess-ods.un.org | The authorities also report that amended juvenile justice provisions, which are pending before the Guardian Council, replace [...] all punishments for lesser [...]crimes with educational and correctional measures. daccess-ods.un.org |
为协助 [...] 各国对付针对粮食生产的恐怖主义而开展的活动包括：(a) 进行关于食品安全、 动植物健康问题的能力建设(培训班、各种项目),包括促进风险分析和加强基层 能力，以确保国家能够监测、 诊断、报告和应对病虫害和疾病的爆发；(b) 食品 标准法典委员会和国际植物保护公约 制定有关标准；(c) 设立一个食物链管理框 架以便对跨界动植物病虫害和疾病造成的食物链危机、粮食安全威胁和紧急情 况，以及对核放射性威胁级紧急情况，进行预防、预警、防备和应对工作；组织 [...]国际论坛讨论与粮食和农业相关的生物风险管理问题。 daccess-ods.un.org | Specific activities that assisted countries in relation to terrorism targeted at food products included: (a) capacity-building (training courses, projects) concerning food safety, animal and plant health, including promotion of risk analyses and developing [...] base-level capacity to ensure [...] national ability to monitor, diagnose, report and respond to pest and disease outbreaks; (b) the standard setting work of the Codex Alimentarius Commission and the International Plant Protection Convention; (c) [...]the establishment of [...]a Food Chain Crisis Management Framework for prevention, early warning, preparedness and response to food chain crises caused by transboundary animal and plant pests and diseases, food safety threats and emergencies, as well as nuclear and radiological threats and emergencies; and the organization of international forums to discuss biological risk management in relation to food and agriculture. daccess-ods.un.org |
共和国总统在获得国民议会主席和 宪法委员会 主 席 同意，并通知全国后， 不需对《宪法》进行修改，可以采取任何旨在恢复政府正常运转、确保 保 护 国家 的措施。 daccess-ods.un.org | The President of the [...] Republic, on the advice of the President of the National Assembly and the President of the Constitutional Council and after having informed the nation via a public address, may take any measure necessary to re-establish the normal functioning of the authorities and to safeguard the nation, with [...]the exception of a constitutional amendment. daccess-ods.un.org |
该办公室监测制宪会议的进程及其各 委员会 编 写 新 宪法 的 工 作。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Office followed the proceedings of the [...] Constituent Assembly and the work of its committees in preparing the new constitution. daccess-ods.un.org |
对外措施： 计划考虑了 41 项措施，这 41 项措施主要是为了实现以下主要 目标：废除死刑(包括成立一个废除死刑的国 际 委 员 会 ) ； 在合作领域的人权；消 除酷刑；性别平等；消除性别暴力；禁止贩运人口；消除一切形式的歧视；保护 儿童权利，使他们不受剥削、暴力和疾病的侵害；从保 护 法 制 国家和保护人权的 角度出发，制止恐怖主义；保护人权 监 察 员 ； 推 进经济、 社 会 与 文 化权利；消除 有罪不罚现象，并对国际刑事法院、以及以消除国际犯罪不受惩罚为目的的法院 和其他机制提供积极帮助；消除贫困；应对气候变化；可持续发展。 daccess-ods.un.org | Foreign policy measures: The plan envisages 41 measures that pursue the following priority objectives: the abolition of the death penalty [...] (including the creation [...] of an international commission against the death penalty); human rights in the area of cooperation; the eradication of torture; gender equality; the eradication of gender-based violence; combating human trafficking; the elimination of all forms of discrimination; the protection of children from exploitation, violence and disease; an end to terrorism, including through the defence of the rule of law and of human rights; the protection of human rights [...]defenders; the promotion of economic, social and [...]cultural rights; combating impunity, and active support for the International Criminal Court and for courts and other mechanisms combating impunity for international crimes; the eradication of poverty; combating climate change; and sustainable development. daccess-ods.un.org |
马耳他也是下列国际文书的缔 约国：《欧洲理事会保护人权 和基本自由 公约》及其第 1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、10、11、13 和 14 号议定书；《欧洲社 会宪章》及其议定书 和《欧洲社会宪章》 修订本；《关于欧 洲 委员会 和 欧 洲人权 法 院 诉 讼参加者的欧洲协定》；《欧洲防 止 酷 刑和不人道或有辱 人 格 待遇或处罚 公约》及其第 1 和 2 号议定书 ；《欧洲理事会关于特权和有罪 不 罚问题的 总 协 定》第六号议定书；《保护少数民族框架公约》；《反对贩卖人口行动公约》。 daccess-ods.un.org | Malta is also a party to: the Council of Europe [...] Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, and its Protocols Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 and 14; the European Social Charter, its Protocol and the revised European Social Charter; the European Agreement relating to Persons participating in proceedings of the European Commission and the Court [...]of Human Rights; the European [...]Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment and its Protocols No. 1 and 2; the Sixth Protocol to the General Agreement on Privileges and Immunities of the Council of Europe; the Framework Convention on the Protection of National Minorities; and the Convention on Action Against Trafficking in Human Beings. daccess-ods.un.org |
在 2012/13 年度期间，该构成部分的努力将重点放在如下两个主要目标： (a) 协助政府维持一个稳定安全的环境，这有利于重建、 社 会 经 济 发展和人权保 护，而这些反过来也对稳定和安全有着直接影响；(b) 通过提高海地国家警察部 队、司法机关和监狱管理机关的机构力量来推动海地的自力更生，从而使其有能 力提供基本的安全服务和执法、保 护宪 政 权 利和改 善 监 狱 条 件。 daccess-ods.un.org | During the 2012/13 period, the component’s efforts will focus on two major objectives: (a) to assist the Government in the maintenance of a stable security environment conducive to reconstruction, socio-economic development and the protection of human rights, which in turn have [...] direct consequences [...] for stability and security; and (b) to advance Haiti’s self-reliance through increased institutional capacity in terms of the Haitian National Police, the administration of justice and the prison administration, in order to provide basic security services and law enforcement, protect constitutional rights and improve prison conditions. daccess-ods.un.org |
全国人大常委会在全国人大闭会期间根 据 宪法 规 定 行使职权，包括：解 释宪 法，监督宪法的 实施；制定和修改除应当由全国人大制定的法律以外的其他法 律；监督国务院、中央军事委员会、 最 高人民法院和最高人民检察院的工作等。 daccess-ods.un.org | The powers exercised in [...] accordance with the Constitution by the Standing Committee when the Congress is not in session include: interpreting the Constitution and supervising its enforcement; drafting and amending legislation other than that falling under the purview of the Congress itself; and supervising the work of the State Council, the Central Military Commission, the Supreme People’s [...]Court and the [...]Supreme People’s Procuratorate. daccess-ods.un.org |
除宪法委员会之外 ，随着国家人权委员会和对侵犯状况进行干预的 监察员 机构以及负责打击腐败的审计和预算监控法院的设立，确保尊重平等权和 不歧视的机构得到加强。 daccess-ods.un.org | In addition to the creation of the Constitutional Council, the machinery responsible for ensuring respect [...] for the right to equality [...]and non-discrimination has been strengthened by the establishment of the National Human Rights Commission and the Office of the Ombudsman, which intervene in the event of rights violations, and the Court of Audit and Budgetary Discipline, which is responsible for fighting corruption. daccess-ods.un.org |
最后，现已有一系列独立机构和机关来独立地监督和 保 护 人 权 和 法 治 ， 其中 包括：马尔代夫人权委员会；选举委 员 会 ；公务 员 委 员 会 ；反腐 败 委员会 ； 监狱 监督委员会；警务廉政委员会；监察 员办公室；2009 年 5 月，还设立了马尔代夫 红新月会。 daccess-ods.un.org | Finally, human rights [...] and the rule of law are now independently overseen and protected by a range of new independent bodies and agencies, including: the Human Rights Commission of Maldives; the Elections Commission; the Civil Service Commission; the Anti-Corruption Commission; the Jail Oversight Commission; [...]the Police Integrity Commission; the Office of the Ombudsman; and, as of May 2009, the Maldives Red Crescent Society. daccess-ods.un.org |
特设工作组成员由外交和 贸易部、商务部、司法部和检察总长 、 监 察 专署 、 宪法 和 法 律 改 革 委员会 的 高级 官员组成。 daccess-ods.un.org | The taskforce members comprised of Senior Officers of the Departments of Foreign Affairs and Trade, [...] Community Development, Justice and Attorney [...] General, the Ombudsman Commission, the Constitutional and Law Reform Commission. daccess-ods.un.org |
全国人大行使下列职权：修改宪法； 监 督 宪法 的 实 施；制定和修改法律；选 举或罢免中华人民共和国主席、副主席、中央军 事 委员会 主 席、最高人民法院院 长、最高人民检察院检察长；任命或罢免国务院总理、副总理、国务委员、各部 部长、各委员会主任、审计长、秘书长等。 daccess-ods.un.org | The functions and powers and powers of [...] the Congress include amending the [...] Constitution; supervising the enforcement of the Constitution; drafting and amending legislation; electing or removing the President and Vice-President of the People’s Republic of China as well as the Chairman of the Central Military Commission, the President of [...]the Supreme People’s [...]Court and the Procurator-General of the Supreme People’s Procuratorate; and appointing or removing the Premier, Vice-Premiers, State Councillors, Ministers in charge of Ministries or Commissions, and the Auditor-General and the Secretary-General of the State Council. daccess-ods.un.org |
同样，巴拿马在司法机关中也成立了官 方 监 察 员 办 公 室机 构，其主要任务就是为经济上处于弱势的当事人提供法律援助，从而 保 护宪法和 其他法律赋予他们的各项权利。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Public Defender’s [...] Office operates within the judicial branch and is tasked with defending the constitutional and legal rights and guarantees of persons with insufficient economic [...]resources. daccess-ods.un.org |
按照路线图的要求，我们现在正在确定和任命一 个负责监督起草新宪法的专家委员会。 daccess-ods.un.org | As required by the road map, we [...] are now in the process of identifying [...] and appointing a committee of experts to oversee the drafting of a new constitution. daccess-ods.un.org |
( 第五条(寅)项) 委员会建议缔约国采取措施，保护《 宪法 》 中 未明确规定的少数民族成员不受歧 视地行使政治权利，并采取措施确保所有少数民族群体都有代表进入议会和地区 民选机构。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Committee recommends that the State party adopt measures to protect persons belonging to minorities not explicitly provided for in the Constitution, in the exercise [...] of their political [...]rights without discrimination, and take measures to ensure that all groups of minorities are represented in Parliament and in regional elected bodies. daccess-ods.un.org |
(d) 1 月 5 日，卡尔扎伊总统责成宪法监督 委员会 在 一 个月内将帕尔旺省由 美国管理的拘留设施移交给阿富汗当局。 daccess-ods.un.org | (d) On 5 January, President [...] Karzai ordered the Constitutional Oversight Commission to complete the [...]transfer of the United States-run [...]detention facility in Parwan to Afghan authorities within a month. daccess-ods.un.org |
打击歧视、尊重人权作为一个整体，是一个漫长的进 程，在该进程中，公民社会、监察员 、 防 止歧视专员、政府及其所有机构都有各 自的任务和目标，《宪法》和 其他法律文书对这些任务和目标作了明确规定。 daccess-ods.un.org | Combating discrimination and respect for human rights as a whole was a long [...] process, whereby the civil [...] society, the Ombudsman, the commissioner against discrimination, the Government and all its structures had their own tasks and goals, which are clearly specified in the Constitution and other legal acts. daccess-ods.un.org |
(d) 《宪法》第 54 条规定，护民官是总议会为了保 护宪法 第 一 卷中的各项 权利而委派的“高级专员”，可以对政府的活动进 行 监 督 ， 并向议会汇报情况。 daccess-ods.un.org | (d) Article 54 of the Constitution defines the Ombudsman [...] as “a High [...] Commissioner of Parliament, appointed to defend the rights protected under title I of the Constitution, for which purpose he or she may supervise the activities [...]of the Administration [...]and report thereon to the Cortes Generales”. daccess-ods.un.org |
委员还 感到遗憾 的是，缔约国没有就《公约》和《儿童权利法》持续和全面地为关键专业群体举 办培训方案，包括执法人员、司法机 关 人 员 、 监 狱 工作 人 员 、 医 护 专 业 人员、社 会工作 者、地方政府行政人员与传统和宗教领袖。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Committee also regrets the lack of sustained and comprehensive training programmes for key professional groups, including law enforcement officials, members of the judiciary, prison staff, health professionals, social workers, local government administrators [...] and traditional [...]and religious leaders on the Convention and the Child Rights Act. daccess-ods.un.org |
参见美国谢弗林公司诉自然资源保 护委员会 公 司 一案，467 U.S. 837 (1984)(阐明了当国会法规委 托授予权利并且在《美 国 宪 法 》中缺乏明确限制时，最高法院的行政尊重原则)。 wipo.int | 467 U.S. 837 (1984) (articulating [...] the Supreme Court’s doctrine of administrative deference given the delegation of authority by a Congressional statute and the absence of express limitations in the U.S. Constitution). wipo.int |
确保在 所有法律采 用的对少数群 体的定义 中规定提供充分的保护， 以禁止任何歧视(奥地利)；在相关法律中充分 维 护 《 宪法 》 规 定的保 障措施， 切实保护少数民族的权利和少数民族成员享有平等担 任公 职 的权利(荷兰)； 使 少数群 体 战略和罗姆 人国家战略的 实施机制 充 分运作，这些机制包括全国少数群 体事务委员会和特别 筹资机制(奥 A/HRC/10/74 page 19 地利)；在执行公共政策时应 考虑到受 惠者的特点、需求和愿望， 确 保他们行使本身的权利，尤其是经济、社会和文化权利(墨西哥)； 16. daccess-ods.un.org | Ensure that the definition of minorities used in all laws provides for full protection against any discrimination (Austria); sufficiently safeguard in relevant legislation the guarantees provided in the Constitution to effectively protect the rights of national minorities and equal representation of members [...] of national minorities (Netherlands); [...]make fully operational the mechanisms for implementing the minority strategy and the national Roma strategy, such as the National Minority Council and a special funding mechanism (Austria); in the implementation of public policies, give consideration to the characteristics, needs and aspirations of the beneficiaries in order to ensure the exercise of their rights, particularly economic, social and cultural rights (Mexico) daccess-ods.un.org |
海湾合作委员会宪章》 规定的基本目标 是：实现成员国在所有领域的协调、一体化 和建立相互联系，加强各国人民之间 的联 系，在经济、金融、贸易、海关、旅游、立 法、行政等不同领域制定类似的规章制度， 以及促进工业、矿业、农业、水利和动物资 源领域的科技进步，建立科研中心，建立合 资企业，以及鼓励私营部门之间开展 合作。 regionalcommissions.org | The Charter of the GCC states that the basic objectives are to effect coordination, integration and inter-connection between member States in all fields, strengthening ties between their peoples, formulating similar regulations in various fields such as economy, finance, trade, customs, tourism, legislation, administration, [...] as well as fostering [...]scientific and technical progress in industry, mining, agriculture, water and animal resources, establishing scientific research centres, setting up joint ventures, and encouraging cooperation of the private sector. regionalcommissions.org |
又表示注意到 2006 年领土政府恢复了内部宪政审查进程 ， 宪 政 和 选举改革 委员会开展了工作并于 2006 年 8 月编写了报告，于 2007 年举行了公开会议和其 他协商会议讨论准备提交管理国的拟 议 宪法 修 正 案，以及 2008 年决定成立由领 土政府官员、议会议员和律师组成的起草小组，起草将以内部自治为基础的新宪 法，提交公开协商后同管理国讨论，以寻求实现全面内部自治 daccess-ods.un.org | Taking note also of the internal constitutional review process resumed by the territorial Government in 2006, the [...] work of the Constitutional and Electoral Reform Commission, which prepared its report in August 2006, and the holding of public and other consultative meetings in 2007 on proposed constitutional amendments to be [...]presented to the administering [...]Power, as well as the 2008 decision to set up a drafting team consisting of territorial Government officials, members of the House of Assembly and lawyers to draft a new constitution, to be based on internal self-government for public consultation and subsequent discussion with the administering Power, with the aim of seeking full internal self-government daccess-ods.un.org |
2 月 24 日至 26 日期间，全体工作组听取了有关以下议题的简报：全球外勤 支助战略；注重能力的方法；安 全保障以及安全风险管理模式；两性平等问题和 儿童保护；加 强军事厅；统筹行动小组和综合特派团规划流程；维和与建和的关 系；安全部门的改革；解除武装、复 员 和 重返 社 会 ； 监 测 和 监督技术；军事直升 机的使用；以及人力资源改革。 daccess-ods.un.org | From 24 to 26 February, briefings were provided to the Working Group of the Whole on the following topics: global [...] field support strategy; [...] capability driven approach; safety and security and security risk management model; gender issues and child protection; strengthening the Office of Military Affairs; integrated operational teams and the integrated mission planning process; peacekeepingpeacebuilding nexus; security sector reform and disarmament, demobilization and reintegration; monitoring and surveillance technology; [...]use of military helicopters; and human resources reform. daccess-ods.un.org |
迄今为止，已为 500 多名维和人员以及 148 名中非共 和国武装部队人员、宪兵和警官进行了培训，内容包括国际人道主 义 法 、 防 止基 于性别的暴力以及儿童保护问题 ，重点是《关于与武装部队或武装团体有关系的 儿童的巴黎原则和导则》以及安全理 事 会第 1612(2005 年)号决议。 daccess-ods.un.org | To date, more than 500 peacekeepers and 148 FACA, gendarmes and police officers have been trained in international humanitarian law, prevention of gender-based violence, and on child protection issues, with a focus on the Paris Principles and Guidelines on Children Associated [...] with Armed Forces or Armed Groups [...]and Security Council resolution 1612 (2005). daccess-ods.un.org |
委员会注 意到，在全面推行由儿童监护人制 度转向综合保 护 法 模 式的改革方面遇到了种种 困难，而且，各省级的这种模式变革既未得到充分兑现，也未转化成针对性设计 且配备适当资源的新兴体制构架。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Committee notes the difficulties of fully implementing the paradigm shift from guardianship (“patronato”) to the integral protection of the child and [...] that such a shift has [...]not yet fully materialized, nor has it been translated into a new specifically designed and appropriately resourced institutional set-up at the provincial level. daccess-ods.un.org |
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