| 单词 | 婚 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 婚noun—marriagenmarrynless common: weddingn 婚—take a wifeExamples:婚姻adj—maritaladj matrimonialadj 婚姻n—marriagespl 婚姻法n—Marriage Actn
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新《宪法》引进或加强了经济、社会和文化权利和基本自由。除其他外， 这特别包括：获得足够营养丰富的食物和清洁水的权利；适足住房权；获得良好 [...] 卫生标准的权利；充足使用排污系统和电力的权利；结婚和家庭权利；受教育的 权利；工作权；罢工权；享有退休金的权利；参加文化生活的权利；以及拥有财 [...]产的权利。 daccess-ods.un.org | Economic, social and cultural rights and fundamental freedoms introduced or strengthened under the new Constitution include, inter alia: the right to adequate, nutritious food and clean water; the right to adequate housing; the right to a good standard of health; [...] adequate access to sewerage and [...] electricity;the righttomarriage andfamily;the right [...]to education; the right to work; [...]the right to strike; the right to enjoy a pension; the right to take part in cultural life; and the right to enjoy property. daccess-ods.un.org |
又深为关切对女童的歧视以及对女童权利的侵犯往往导致减少女孩获得教 育的机会并降低其所获教育的质量，造成其营养和身心保健的机会减少，使女孩 [...] 在童年和少年期享受的权利、机会和福利少于男孩，使她们比男孩更容易受没有 保护的和不成熟的性关系的后果的影响，并使她们常常受到各种形式的文化、社 [...] 会、性和经济剥削及暴力，受害于虐待、强奸、乱伦、与维护名誉有关犯罪以及 有害传统习俗，例如杀害女婴、童婚、逼婚、产前性别挑选和切割女性生殖器等 daccess-ods.un.org | Deeply concerned also about discrimination against the girl child and the violation of the rights of the girl child, which often result in less access for girls to education, and to quality education, nutrition and physical and mental health care, in girls enjoying fewer of the rights, opportunities and benefits of childhood and adolescence than boys, and in leaving them more vulnerable than boys to the consequences of unprotected and premature sexual relations and often being subjected to various forms of cultural, social, sexual and economic exploitation and violence, abuse, rape, incest, honour-related crimes and harmful traditional [...] practices, such as female infanticide, [...] child and forcedmarriages,prenatal sex selection [...]and female genital mutilation daccess-ods.un.org |
大会敦促所有国家颁布 和严格执行法律，确保只有在婚配双方自由表示完全同意的情况下才能结婚，此外颁布和严格执行关于法定最低同意年龄和最低结婚年龄的法律，必要时提高最 低结婚年龄，并且为女童的生存、保护和发展及提高其地位制定和执行全面政 策、行动计划和方案，以促进和保障女童充分享受人权并确保女童享有平等机 会，包括将此类计划作为女童整个发展过程的一个组成部分。 daccess-ods.un.org | It urged all States to enact and strictly enforce [...] laws toensurethat marriagewas entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending spouses, and, inaddition, to enact and strictly enforce laws concerning the minimum legal age of consent and the minimum agefor marriageand raise the minimum agefor marriagewhere necessary, [...]and to develop and [...]implement comprehensive policies, plans of action and programmes for the survival, protection, development and advancement of the girl child in order to promote and protect the full enjoyment of her human rights and to ensure equal opportunities for girls, including by making such plans an integral part of her total development process. daccess-ods.un.org |
对女孩教育权利和家庭成员中的平等认识不足，以及对少女的健康风险 [...] 认识不足；在性别作用方面，社区长者、地方教师和政治领导人缺乏正面的领 导；在全国学校课程中，没有有关妇女权利和性别平等的教育，而却存在在学校 [...] 里进行强迫的怀孕测试或其他加强性别规范的政策；直接歧视妇女与女孩或者对 她们有极大不利影响的国家立法；造成早婚和怀孕的经济压力；或上述各项综 合。 daccess-ods.un.org | For example, if gender norms reinforce early pregnancy, there may be lack of awareness of girls’ rights to education and equality among family members and of the health risks of pregnancy for young adolescents; lack of positive leadership by community elders, local teachers and political leaders regarding gender roles; lack of education regarding women’s rights and gender equality in national school curricula, coupled with forced pregnancy testing in schools or other policies that reinforce gender norms; national legislation that directly discriminates against women and girls or has a disproportionate [...] adverse impact on them; economic pressures that [...] contribute toearlymarriage andpregnancy; or [...]a combination of the above. daccess-ods.un.org |
学校和居民社团也举办关于家庭计划的咨询活动，家庭计划包括婚前，夫妇间及遗传方面的指导、怀孕控制方法的咨询、不育的处理、遗传及性传染疾 [...] 病的预防等工作。 daccess-ods.un.org | Family planning [...] includespre-maritaland genetic [...]issues counselling, information on birth control methods, treatment of [...]infertility and prevention of genetic and sexually transmitted diseases. daccess-ods.un.org |
(a) 在代表申诉人提出的书面陈述中，提交人的律师请求法院宣布：内政 部长的决定损害了《宪法》所赋予她的自由迁移和在缔约国境内定居的权利，理 [...] 由是她将被迫在圭亚那境外定居以维持她的婚姻关系；准许她丈夫合法进入以及 再进入和离开圭亚那；部长对斟酌决定权的行使是违宪的，因为没有在任何议会 [...]法案或附属法律中界定国家安全或公共政策考虑的构成要素。 daccess-ods.un.org | a) In the written submissions on behalf of the applicant, the author’s lawyer sought declarations by the Court that the decision of the Minister of Home Affairs infringed her constitutional rights to freedom of movement and to reside in the State party on the ground that she would be [...] compelled to reside outside Guyana in order to [...] maintainher maritalrelationship; [...]that her husband was permitted to lawfully [...]enter and re-enter and depart from Guyana; and that the exercise of discretion by the Minister was unconstitutional as no matters constituting interests of national security or public policy were set out in any Act of Parliament or subordinate legislation. daccess-ods.un.org |
缔约 国还提及它通过了新的立法，包括：2003 年第一百二十五 号《平等待遇法案》(2003 年 12 月 [...] 22 日通过)，其中禁止 基于性别、婚姻状况和怀孕进行歧视；2004 年第一百三十 [...]二号法案，该法案修正了 1998 年第十九号《刑事诉讼法案》 并增列了也涉及家庭暴力问题的紧急诉讼程序；2005 [...]年第 九十一号法案，该法案修正了关于《刑法》的 1978 年第四 号法案，增列了限制令，将其作为缓刑监督官监管下的一 项行为规则；2006 年 2 月 13 日通过的关于刑事诉讼的 1998 年第十九号法案修正案，该修正案包括限制令，这是一项 新的强制措施；2004 年第一百三十六号法案，该法案修正 了关于儿童保护的 1997 年第三十一号法案，修正后的法案 把禁止虐待儿童纳入了匈牙利法律体系。 daccess-ods.un.org | The State party also referred to the adoption of new legislation, including the Equal Treatment Act CXXV of 2003, adopted on 22 [...] December 2003, which prohibits [...] discrimination based on sex, maritalstatus and pregnancy; [...]Act CXXXII of 2004, which amended [...]the Criminal Procedures Act XIX of 1998 and introduced the urgency procedure that also concerns the subject of domestic violence; Act XCI of 2005 amending Act IV of 1978 on the Criminal Code, which introduced the restraining order as a rule of conduct under the supervision of the probation officer; an amendment to Act XIX of 1998 on criminal procedure adopted on 13 February 2006, which includes the restraining order as a new coercive measure; and Act CXXXVI of 2004, which amended Act XXXI of 1997, on the protection of children by which the prohibition of child abuse has been incorporated into the Hungarian legal system. daccess-ods.un.org |
绝不允许在下列方面采取减损措施：个人尊严和自由发展权利，生命权， 身心健全不可侵害权；禁止奴役、苦役和强迫劳动；被剥夺自由者得到人道待遇 [...] 的权利；得到公正审判的权利；在刑法中得到法律确定性的权利；法人权利；公 [...] 民权利；思想、良心和宗教信仰自由；出于良心拒服兵役的权利；自由表达民族 隶属的权利；禁止煽动种族、民族和宗教仇恨；结婚和配偶平等权利；生育自 由；儿童权利；禁止强迫同化。 daccess-ods.un.org | Derogation measures are by no means permitted in terms of: the right to dignity and free development of individuals, right to life, right to inviolability of physical and mental integrity; prohibition of slavery, servitude and forced labour; right to humane treatment of persons deprived of liberty; right to a fair trial; right to legal certainty in criminal law; right to legal person; right to citizenship; freedom of thought, conscience and religion; right to conscientious objection; right to freedom of expressing national affiliation; prohibition of inciting [...] racial, ethnic and religious hatred; [...] rightto enter into marriage and equalityof spouses; [...]freedom to procreate; rights of [...]the child; prohibition of forced assimilation. daccess-ods.un.org |
需要对区域和国家一级的农业和渔业研究及农村基础设施提供新投资，推广 良好的耕种和捕捞作业及创新的可持续技术，还需要营销指导、有序和有效的融 [...] 资及更大程度的土地保有权保障，包括女性农民对土地的获取和控制，不论她们婚姻状况如何。 daccess-ods.un.org | New investments are required in regional and national agricultural and fishery research and rural infrastructure, extension of better farming and fishing practices and innovative and sustainable technologies, as well as marketing advice, structured and effective finance and [...] greater tenure security, including access to and control over land by female farmers [...] irrespective oftheir marital status. daccess-ods.un.org |
委员会敦促缔约国采取措施，处理法律上没有父亲的人面临的问题，由于是非婚生子女，他们受到各种法律，包括关于家庭生活、土地所有权和继承问题的 [...] 法律的负面影响。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Committee urges the State party to take measures to address the problems faced by the [...] legally fatherless who, by virtue of having been [...] born outof wedlock, are negatively [...]affected by various laws including the laws [...]governing family life, land ownership and inheritance. daccess-ods.un.org |
但是，对非婚生儿童的歧视依然存在，同时由于消极的社会态度， 对单身母亲的歧视同样存在，这些对儿童都产生了消极影响，而消极影响的具体 表现特别包括遗弃非婚生儿童的比率很高，而且在一些情况下存在杀死非婚生子女的案例。 daccess-ods.un.org | It remains concerned, however, that [...] discrimination against [...] children bornout of wedlock continues to exist, as does discrimination against single mothers owing to negative social attitudes, which has a negative impact on children as demonstrated, inter alia, by the high rate of abandonment and the existence of some cases of infanticide of children bornout ofwedlock. daccess-ods.un.org |
(a) 采取了哪些包括立法在内的措施，以打击贩运妇女、家庭暴力、婚内强奸和抛弃女婴等各种形式的暴力侵害妇女行为，对所有有关虐待和凌辱的指控 [...] 进行调查及保护受害者。 daccess-ods.un.org | (a) The measures, including legislative ones, taken to combat various forms of violence [...] against women, including trafficking, [...] domestic violence, maritalrape and abandonment [...]of girl babies, to investigate all [...]allegations of ill-treatment and abuse, and to protect the victims. daccess-ods.un.org |
仍然存在着的挑战包括：非法的、司法制度以 外的女孩童婚；女孩不能上学；限制妇女参与政治和公共生活；拐卖人口； [...] 艾滋病毒/艾滋病和性传染疾病；以及邮购新娘。 daccess-ods.un.org | Challenges that remained included: [...] unlawful, extrajudicial marriagesof girls;girls [...]being kept out of school; women’s limited [...]participation in political and public life; human trafficking; HIV and sexually transmitted infections; and mail order brides. daccess-ods.un.org |
此外，必须根据学生的不同需要，实施有差别和灵活的教育战略，同时必须 考虑到有些人，例如失学青年或已婚少女的特殊需要，对这些人必须采取有别于 [...] 正规教育的性教育方法；对于老年人也是这样，因为由于错误的观念，他们往往 被剥夺完整的性生活。 daccess-ods.un.org | In addition, teaching strategies must be differentiated and flexible to meet the differing needs of female and male students, taking into account the fact that persons with special [...] needs — such as young people not [...] attending school or youngmarried women —need to [...]be taught about sexuality through methods [...]other than formal education, as do adults who, often because of misconceptions, do not have a full sexual life. daccess-ods.un.org |
婚姻不可在至少有一方已经结婚的两人之间、直接亲属长幼之间、兄弟姐 妹之间、同父异母或同母异父兄弟姐妹之间、养父母和养子女之间、同一人收养 的子女之间以及至少有一方因为有限的实际行为能力而一直受到监护的两人之间 [...] 缔结（该法第 4 节第 1-3 条）。 daccess-ods.un.org | Amarriagemay not be contracted between persons of whom at least one isalready married, betweendirect [...] ascendants and descendants, [...]brothers and sisters, half-brothers and half-sisters, adoptive parents and adopted children, or between children adopted by the same person, and between persons of whom at least one has been placed under guardianship due to his or her restricted active legal capacity (§ 4 clause 1–3 of the Act). daccess-ods.un.org |
人一生中的各种仪式（出生、成长、结婚、离婚和殡葬等仪式），游戏和体 育活动，亲族关系与亲族关系的仪式，定居模式，烹调技术，确定身份和长 [...] 幼尊卑的仪式，有关四季的仪式，不同性别的社会习俗，打猎、捕鱼和收获 习俗，源于地名的姓名和源于父名的姓名，丝绸文化和工艺（生产 [纺织 ]、 [...]缝纫、染色、图案设计），木雕，纺织品，人体艺术（纹身、穿孔、人体绘 画）。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Life-cycle rituals – birth; [...] rites ofpassage; wedding, divorce and funerary [...]rituals; games and sports; kinship and ritual [...]kinship ceremonies; settlement patterns; culinary arts; designation of status and prestige ceremonies; seasonal ceremonies; gender-specific social practices; practices relating to hunting, fishing and gathering; geonymic and patronymic nomenclature; silk culture and crafts (production [fabrication], sewing, dyeing, cloth designs); wood carving; textiles; body-art (tattooing, piercing, painting). unesdoc.unesco.org |
目前的《宪法》规定了保护个人基本权利和自由，包括保护生命权；得到保 [...] 护以免遭受非人道待遇、奴役和强迫劳动；保护个人自由权、囚犯权、结婚权、儿童权利、良心权利、教育权、言论自由、集会自由和结社自由。 daccess-ods.un.org | The current Constitution provides protection for fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, including protection of the right of life, protection from inhumane treatment, protection from slavery and forced labour, protection of the right [...] to personal liberty, protection of [...] prisoners, theright to marry, children’srights, [...]freedom of conscience, right to education, [...]and freedom of expression, assembly and association. daccess-ods.un.org |
因此，根据《家庭法》，所有已婚者在家庭关系中均享有平等权利和义 务，不分性别、种族、国籍、民族血统、语言、宗教、见解、政治面貌、财产或 [...] 社会背景。 daccess-ods.un.org | Thus, according to the [...] Family Code,all married persons have equal [...]rights and obligations in their family relations, irrespective [...]of gender, race, nationality, ethnic origin, language, religion, opinion, political adherence, wealth or social origin. daccess-ods.un.org |
委员会欢迎缔约国为编制逊尼派家庭法 而进行的种种努力，但委员会关注缔约国不同法庭系统的裁决之间不统一，并且 迟迟没有通过民法，这可能阻止一些儿童获得公正的裁决，并可能在混合婚姻的家庭事务中对不同的人口群组造成严重的歧视。 daccess-ods.un.org | While welcoming the efforts of the State party to codify Sunni family law, the Committee is concerned at the lack of uniformity between judgements of different court system in the State party, as well as at the delay of the adoption of the civil law, which may prevent some children from having access to fair judgments and cause significant discrimination against different segments of the population in family matters occurring in mixed marriages. daccess-ods.un.org |
应特别努力消除基于儿童或父母所处状况的歧视。这些状况包括贫穷、种族、 [...] 宗教、性别、心理和身体残疾、艾滋病毒/艾滋病或其他严重的身体或心理疾病、非婚生、社会经济方面的污名以及可能造成儿童被放弃、抛弃和/或遗弃的所有 [...]其他状况和境况。 daccess-ods.un.org | Special efforts should be made to tackle discrimination on the basis of any status of the child or parents, including poverty, ethnicity, religion, sex, mental and physical disability, HIV/AIDS or other [...] serious illnesses, whether physical or [...] mental, birthoutof wedlock, and socio-economic [...]stigma, and all other statuses and circumstances [...]that can give rise to relinquishment, abandonment and/or removal of a child. daccess-ods.un.org |
(d) 得到这类保护的受害者人数、向她们提供保护的具体形式，以及根据《婚姻法》第三条、《妇女权益保障法》第四十五条第一款和其他相关法律对犯 [...] 罪者判刑的人数。 daccess-ods.un.org | (d) Number of victims that have received such protection and the specific form of protection they received as well as the [...] number of perpetrators sentenced under [...] article 3 of the Marriage Law, article 45(1) [...]of the Law on the Protection of Women’s [...]Rights and Interests and other relevant legislations. daccess-ods.un.org |
委员会敦促各国政府 [...] 保护和促进充分尊重人权和基本自由，而不论年龄和婚姻状况，包括消除针对女 孩和妇女的一切形式歧视，强调须加强保健制度，确保保健制度优先普及性信息 [...]和生殖信息及保健服务，包括计划生育、产前护理、安全分娩和产后护理，以消 除可预防的孕产妇死亡率和发病率，且在各级采取行动消除性健康和生殖健康不 [...]佳、意外怀孕、不安全人工流产引起的并发症以及孕产妇死亡率和发病率等相互 关联的根本原因。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Commission urged Governments to protect and promote full respect for [...] human rights and fundamental freedoms [...] regardless of age andmarital status,including [...]by eliminating all forms of discrimination [...]against girls and women, and stressed the need to strengthen health systems and ensure that they prioritized universal access to sexual and reproductive information and health-care services, including family planning, prenatal care, safe delivery and post-natal care, in order to eliminate preventable maternal mortality and morbidity and to take action at all levels to address the interlinked root causes of sexual and reproductive ill health, unintended pregnancy, complications arising from unsafe abortion and maternal mortality and morbidity. daccess-ods.un.org |
艾滋病毒/艾滋病感 染者人口因助长艾滋病毒感染的社会、经济和文化因素而不断增加，这些因素 包括：污名化、两性不平等、贫穷、多配偶制、过继婚、“干性行为”、药物和 酒精滥用、人口流动、性病、战争和暴力侵害妇女行为(Inungu 和 Karl，2006 年)。 daccess-ods.un.org | The population of people living with HIV and AIDS has been increasing owing to social, economic and cultural factors that fuel HIV infection such as stigma, gender inequality, poverty, polygamy, wife inheritance, “dry sex”, drug and alcohol abuse, mobility, sexually transmitted diseases, war and violence against women (Inungu and Karl, 2006). daccess-ods.un.org |
为此，联合国儿童基金会一直致力于提高妇女的作用，阻止童婚，提高女童的教育水平，教育并取消女性生殖器割礼（FGM/C），并支持发展青少年的生活技能。 unicef.org | To this end, UNICEF has been working to enhance the role of [...] women, prevent child marriage, increasegirls education, [...]educate and abolish Female Genital [...]Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C), and support the development of adolescent life skills. unicef.org |
根据联邦以及各州/领地的反歧视法律，任何人不得因其年龄、种族、原国籍、性别、婚姻状况、妊娠状况、政治或宗教信仰、残疾或性取向而受到不同于他人的不利待遇。 studyinaustralia.gov.au | Under federal and state/territory anti-discrimination laws, no person should be treated less favourably than [...] others because of their age, race, country of [...] origin, sex, marital status, pregnancy, [...]political or religious beliefs, disability or sexual preference. studyinaustralia.gov.au |
在全世界范围内，路博润致力于采取包容所有员 [...] 工的做法，并促进合格个人享有平等的就业机会，无论其种族、肤色、宗教、 性别、国籍、年龄、婚姻状况、兵役状况、残疾、性取向、遗传信息、血统、 [...]公民身份、社会或经济地位如何。 lubrizol.com | Throughout the world Lubrizol is committed to practices that result in the inclusion of all employees and that advance equal employment opportunity for qualified individuals without regard [...] to race, color, religion, gender, national [...] origin, age,marital status, military [...]service, disability, sexual orientation, [...]genetic information, ancestry, citizenship or social or economic status. lubrizol.com |
De Beers 1994年才开始在中国行销钻石，人口众多、中产阶级快速发展的中国亦迅速采行西方以钻戒作为订婚信物的习俗，因此不难理解钻石业何以认为该国市场的成长潜力相当可观。 ravenelart.com | Considering that De Beers only started marketing diamonds in China in 1994, and that China’s large population with a fast growing middle class is also fast adopting the western practice of giving diamond rings for engagements, it is easy to understand why the diamond industry sees the huge growth potential in this market. ravenelart.com |
常见问题包括未能在设计阶段开展深入的性别分析、缺乏性 [...] 别分类数据、未能消除女孩参与的阻碍，包括家务和结婚的社会压力，以及不注 意男性和男孩问题的定义，纳入此类定义本会对男孩和女童都有所帮助。 daccess-ods.un.org | Common problems included failure to conduct in-depth gender analysis in the design phase, a lack of genderdisaggregated data, failing to remove barriers to girl’s [...] participation, including domestic chores and [...] social pressure to marry, and inattentiveness [...]to the definition of masculinity and [...]boys’ issues when inclusion would have helped them and the girls. daccess-ods.un.org |
英汉双解词典包含2273206条英汉词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。