| 单词 | 大西洋洋中脊 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 大西洋中脊—Atlantic mid-ocean ridge中大西洋脊—mid-Atlantic ridge大西洋洋中脊—Atlantic mid-ocean ridgeSee also:大西洋n—Atlanticn Indian Oceann Pacific Oceann Southern Oceann 中洋脊—mid-ocean ridge (geology) 大洋中脊—mid-ocean ridge (geology) 洋中脊—mid-ocean ridge (geology)
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2012 年的工作组涉及以下方面：弧-弧后系统、 热液能源和海洋碳循环、地幔成像、海洋拆离断层、海底成矿、针对南大西洋中 脊的勘探和喷口生态。 daccess-ods.un.org | Working groups in 2012 relate to arc-backarc systems, hydrothermal energy and ocean carbon cycles, mantle [...] imaging, oceanic detachment faults, seafloor [...] mineralization, south Mid-Atlantic Ridgetargeted exploration [...]and vent ecology. daccess-ods.un.org |
这包括关闭哈顿-罗卡尔礁石区域和大西洋中脊。 daccess-ods.un.org | This comprises closures in the Hatton and Rockall bank areas and [...] areas onthe Mid-Atlantic Ridge. daccess-ods.un.org |
2010 年 9 月，《保护东北大西洋海洋环境公约》缔约方商定，指定 6 个公 海海洋保护区：米尔恩海隆复合区、查理-吉布斯南部断裂带、公海阿尔泰公海、 安蒂阿尔泰公海、约瑟芬公海以及亚速尔群岛公海以北大西洋中脊，自2011 年 4 月 12 日起生效。 daccess-ods.un.org | In September 2010 and with effect from 12 April 2011, the parties to the Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR Convention) agreed to designate six high-seas marine protected areas: Milne Seamount Complex; Charlie Gibbs South; Altair Seamount High Seas; Antialtair Seamount High Seas; Josephine Seamount High Seas; and Mid-Atlantic Ridge North of the Azores High Seas.241 When combined with the network of sites within national jurisdiction, these marine protected areas provide coverage [...] of 3.1 per cent of [...] the total OSPARConvention area.242 Some of those marine protected areas overlie the outer continental shelf of a coastalState. daccess-ods.un.org |
申请区域位于沿大西洋中脊海域，北纬 20˚57'46“到北纬 26˚20'29”和西经 [...] 46˚37'42“到西经 44˚37'20”之间，由 100 个区块组成，每个区块大约 10X10 公 里，区块分 6 个组群，每个组群有 5 到 25 个区块。 daccess-ods.un.org | The area under application is situated [...] along the Mid-Atlantic Ridgebetweenlatitudes [...]20°57'46"N and 26°20'29"N, and between [...]longitudes 46°37'42"W and 44°37'20"W. It consists of 100 blocks measuring approximately 10 km by 10 km each which are grouped into six clusters, each containing from 5 to 25 blocks. daccess-ods.un.org |
2009 年，东北大西洋 [...] 渔业委员会出于审慎的考虑，决定在原来禁渔至 2008 年底的中大西洋海脊大幅扩大禁渔区。 daccess-ods.un.org | In 2009, NEAFC decided to considerably expand [...] closures in theMid-Atlantic Ridge that had been closed [...]until the end of 2008 on a precautionary basis. daccess-ods.un.org |
在科学资料不那么完整的区域，如中大西洋海脊及周围的海山，有代表性的大面积区域也不向底层捕捞开放。 daccess-ods.un.org | In areas where scientific information was less complete, [...] such as on the mid-Atlantic Ridge and adjacent seamounts, [...]large representative [...]areas were nonetheless closed to bottom fisheries. daccess-ods.un.org |
全球范围内继续开展对珊瑚和珊瑚生境的制图工作；近几年，在大西洋、西南太平洋和印度洋对大量海脊、海山和斜坡水域进行了调查。 daccess-ods.un.org | Mapping of corals and coral habitats continues worldwide and, in recent years, significant [...] portions of ridge, seamount [...] and slope waters in the Atlantic,South-West Pacific,and Indian Ocean have been investigated.15 [...]Many [...]of the mapped areas were fished historically or constitute potential bottom fishing areas. daccess-ods.un.org |
大麻使用人数最多的仍然是北美 洲、西欧和大洋洲的 发达国家，但近几年使用率有所下降，特别是在年轻人当中。 daccess-ods.un.org | The highest levels of cannabis use [...] continue to be [...] those in the developed countries of North America, Western Europeand Oceania, although rates have generally declined [...]in recent [...]years, particularly among young people. daccess-ods.un.org |
这包括：兴建中的若开邦首府实兑附近 的印度洋海域深海港口以及平行公路、高速铁路、 石油管道和天然气管道，这将建起一个缅甸通往中国西南部内陆省份的能源和贸易走廊；加叻丹多式 运输项目（Kaladan multi-modal project）将在印度洋和印度东部沿海地区之间、印度洋和印度东北部 内陆地区之间建起一条交通走廊；以及达维发展项 目（Dawei Development Project），按照计划，该项 目将在缅甸南部修建一个大型工业区和一个现代化 深海港，以及连通泰国并进一步通至越南的公路和 铁路，这样可以从陆路将货物运送至泰国和越南， 比起经马六甲海峡的海路运输要少花好几天时间。 crisisgroup.org | These include: a deep-sea port being constructed on the IndianOcean nearthe Rakhine State capital of Sittwe, and parallel road, high-speed rail, and oil and natural gas pipelines that will create an energy and trade corridorto China’slandlocked southwest;the Kaladan multi-modal project that will create a transportation corridor between the Indian OceanandIndia’s eastern seaboard and its landlocked north east; and the Dawei Development Project which, if completed according to plan, would include[...] alarge industrial estate and modern deep-sea port in [...]the south, with road and rail links for transhipment of goods to Thailand and on to Vietnam, cutting several days off the sea route through the Straits of Malacca. crisisgroup.org |
开发署具体报告说，开发署-全环基金在 中西太平洋温暖水域的大型海洋生态系统的太平洋岛屿海洋渔业管理项目，正在加强养护 和管理跨界海洋渔业资源的能力和小岛屿发展中国家履行《中西太平洋养护和管 理高度洄游鱼类种群公约》所规定的义务的能力的国家安排。 daccess-ods.un.org | In particular, UNDP reported that the UNDP-GEFPacific Islands Oceanic Fisheries Management projectinthe Western and Central Pacific [...] Warm Pool large marine [...]ecosystem was strengthening national arrangements for the conservation and management of transboundary oceanic fishery resources and the capacity of small island developing States to meet their obligations under the Convention for the Conservation and Management of Highly Migratory Fish Stocks in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean. daccess-ods.un.org |
其他被海豚全年使 用，但使用次数较少的水域包括：南伶仃洋、大屿山西北、 澳门、中伶仃洋、大屿山东北、大屿山西南、后海湾和大屿山以东。 logisticshk.gov.hk | Other areas used year-round by dolphins but to a lower extent included [...] South Lingding Bay, [...] Northwest Lantau (ieWest of the Chek Lap Kok Platform), Macau, Central Lingding Bay, [...]Northeast Lantau, [...]Southwest Lantau, Deep Bay and East Lantau. logisticshk.gov.hk |
东北大西洋渔委讨论了审查小组确定的大多数主要问题，其中包括对所有主要鱼种采取养护和管理措施、采取新的港口国控制措施、订立泛北大西洋非法、无管制和未报告的捕捞船只清单，并关闭一些地区，以保护脆弱 海洋生态系统。 daccess-ods.un.org | NEAFC hadaddressed most of the major concerns identified by the review panel, including the adoption of conservation and management measures for all major fisheries, the adoption of new port State control measures, the creation of a pan-North Atlanticlist ofillegal, [...] unreported and unregulated [...]fishing vessels, and the closure of areas to protect vulnerable marine ecosytems. daccess-ods.un.org |
管理局秘书长回顾说，2010 年 5 月 7 日，中国大洋矿产资源研究开发协会(大洋协会)提出了第一份勘探许可申请，覆盖西南印度洋海脊地区。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Secretary-General of the Authority recalled that on 7 May 2010, the first application for an [...] exploration licence had [...] been submitted by the ChinaOcean MineralResources Research and Development Association(COMRA),covering an area onthe South WestIndianRidge. daccess-ods.un.org |
我目前的研究兴趣主要集中在以下方面：(1)大洋中脊和弧-弧后系统上的海底 热液活动；(2) [...] 与热液活动有关的块状硫化物矿床和作为深海矿产资源的铁锰结 壳矿床；(3) 海底以下生物圈的微生物地球化学；(4) 热液系统内及其引发的地 球化学循环；(5) [...]陆地和海底的“稀有金属”矿产资源。 daccess-ods.un.org | My current research interests are mainly focused on: (1) [...] the seafloor hydrothermal activities [...] both onthe mid-ocean ridge and the arc-backarc [...]systems; (2) the massive sulfide deposits [...]related to hydrothermal activity and the ferromanganese crust deposits as deep-sea mineral resources; (3) the microbial geochemistry of the subseafloor biosphere; (4) the geochemical cycle within and from the hydrothermal systems; and (5) the “rare-metal” mineral resources on land and seafloor. daccess-ods.un.org |
海山的估计数目取决于海山的定义，海山因其形态、山体高度和与其他大型结构如海洋中脊和 大陆坡之间的关系不同而各异。 daccess-ods.un.org | The estimated number of seamounts depends on definitions, and the diversity of seamounts is considerable in terms [...] of morphology, summit depth, and association with other major [...] structures such asmid-oceanridge and continental slopes. daccess-ods.un.org |
2010 年，新西兰向南极海生委科学委员会及其脆弱海洋生态系统工作组提交 了 11 篇论文，包括：努力制定影响评估方法，拟订术语汇编和概念框架以评估 脆弱海洋生态系统影响，以及编制底栖无脊椎动物类群识别指南，全都为南极海 生委所采纳。 daccess-ods.un.org | In 2010,New Zealand submitted11 papers to the CCAMLR Scientific Committee and its working groups on VMEs, including work on developing an impact assessment methodology, creating a glossary of terms and conceptual framework to assess VME impacts and producing a benthic invertebrate [...] taxa identification guide, all [...]of which were adopted by CCAMLR. daccess-ods.un.org |
大会回顾，奥斯巴委员会秘书处 2008 年就与管理局秘书处联系，商谈向委 员会提交关于建立中大西洋海脊查理·吉布斯断裂带海洋保护区的建议。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Assembly will recall that in 2008 the secretariat of the OSPAR Commission contacted the secretariat of the Authority with respect to a proposal submitted to the [...] Commission for the [...] establishment of a marine protected area at the Charlie Gibbs Fracture Zone on theMid-AtlanticRidge. daccess-ods.un.org |
虽然分布广而且可能比人们预想的更常见，热液喷口是相对较小且具有地方 性的海洋地貌；它们通常存在于各大洋和各纬度分离型板块边界(海洋中脊)和存在弧后扩张中心的汇聚型板块。 daccess-ods.un.org | They typically occur at [...] divergent plate boundaries (mid-ocean ridges) and convergent plates where back-arc [...]spreading centres occur, in alloceans and at all latitudes. daccess-ods.un.org |
捐赠基金发放的第一笔资金是给国际大洋中脊协会 的 30 000 美元赠款，目 的是为 2009-2011 年期间每年两个海洋科学研究金提供资金。 daccess-ods.un.org | The first award to be made from the Endowment Fund was a grant of $30,000 toInterRidge tocontribute towards the funding of twomarine science fellowships each year for the period 2009-2011. daccess-ods.un.org |
到目前为止，该 网络成员包括：国家海洋学中心(联合王国)、国家海洋技术研究所(印度)、法国 海洋开发研究所、联邦地球科学及自然资源研究所(德国)、国家海洋学研究所(印 [...] 度)、自然历史博物馆(联合王国)、美利坚合众国北卡罗来纳杜克大学和国际大 洋中脊协会，后者是一个促进洋底扩张中心跨学科研究的国际非营利组织。 daccess-ods.un.org | Members of the network to date include the National Oceanography Centre (United Kingdom); the National Institute of Ocean Technology (India); the French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea (IFREMER); the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (Germany); the National Institute of Oceanography (India); the Natural History Museum (United Kingdom); Duke University, North Carolina (United States [...] of America); and the International [...] Cooperation in Ridge-crest Studies (InterRidge), an international, [...]non-profit organization [...]promoting interdisciplinary studies of oceanic spreading centres. daccess-ods.un.org |
该组织在第一个十年(1992-2003)中建立了一个由先前单独展开工作的 国家组成的国际大洋中脊群体。 daccess-ods.un.org | The first decade (1992-2003) of the organization produced a [...] coordinated, international ridgecommunityof member [...]countries that had previously been working alone. daccess-ods.un.org |
记得，2008 年，奥斯巴委员会秘书处与秘书处进行了联系，提出了关于在中 大西洋洋脊查理·吉布斯断裂带建立一个海洋保护区的建议。 daccess-ods.un.org | It is recalled that in 2008, the secretariat was contacted by the secretariat of the OSPAR Commission, a body established by the [...] 1992 Convention for the [...] Protection ofthe Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic(“the OSPAR [...]Convention”),1 with respect [...]to a proposal submitted to the Commission for the establishment of a marine protected area at the Charlie Gibbs Fracture Zone on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. daccess-ods.un.org |
奥斯巴委员会和管理局都很有兴趣保护海洋环境，包括“区域”内与某些矿 产资源有关的脆弱的深海生态系统，并已在地区范围内采取了这方面的举措，分 别是在中大西洋海脊的查理·吉布斯断裂带和太平洋的克拉里昂-克里帕顿断裂 带； 奥斯巴委员会与管理局之间加强合作，将有助于确保适当协调措施，使开发 [...] 矿产资源与全面保护海洋环境相协调 daccess-ods.un.org | The OSPAR Commission and the Authority both have a strong interest in the protection of the marine [...] environment, including of [...] vulnerable deep sea ecosystems in the Area that are associated with some mineral resources, and havetaken initiatives [...]at a regional [...]scale in that respect, respectively in the Charlie Gibbs Fracture Zone on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and in the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone in the Pacific Ocean daccess-ods.un.org |
1.A. 用以说明主要地质特征的技术术语简短摘要：封闭和半封闭海——大陆架和斜坡——洋中脊—— 海山——珊瑚和其他生物礁——沉淀——主要河口—— [...] 峡湾和河口地带——海洋峡谷——沿海地质构造，沙滩，海洋湿地，红树林和滩 涂。 daccess-ods.un.org | 1.A. A short summary of the technical terms used to describe the main geological features: [...] enclosed and semi-enclosed seas — continental [...] shelves and slopes —mid-ocean ridges—seamounts — coral and other [...]biogenic reefs [...]— sedimentation — major estuaries — fjord and ria areas — ocean canyons — coastal geological structures, beaches, marine wetlands, mangroves and tidal flats. daccess-ods.un.org |
学会还感谢国际大洋中脊协会，该协会海底矿物工作组、伍兹霍尔海洋学研究中 心，使 Philomene Verlaan 能够在 2009 年在麻省伍茨霍尔关于海底块状硫化物 深海开采研讨会上介绍经修订的现版《准则》草案。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Society appreciates the [...] support of InterRidge, its Working Group on Seafloor Mineralization, and the WoodsHole Oceanographic Institution [...]in enabling the presentation [...]of the current revised draft Code by Philomene Verlaan at the 2009 Science and Policy Workshop on Deep-Sea Mining of Seafloor Massive Sulphides, Woods Hole, MA. daccess-ods.un.org |
其中包括，由法律和技术委员会对一项提议进行审议，其中涉及 将太平洋结核矿带的特定区域指定用于进行典型生境和生物多样性养 护；与保护东北大西洋海洋环境公约委员会建立更密切的合作安排，协调采取管 理措施，保护西北大西洋地区的生物多样性；与《生物多样性公约》进行合作， 为确定在生态和生物方面具有重要意义的海洋区域制定科学标准，并确定包括生 物多样性在内环境影响评估的标准。 daccess-ods.un.org | This includes: the consideration by the Legal and Technical Commission of a proposal to designate specific areas within the Pacific nodule province for the purposes of conserving representative habitats and biodiversity; the development of closer [...] cooperative [...] arrangements with the OSPAR Commission in connection with the coordination of management measures to safeguard biodiversity in the North-East Atlantic; and cooperation with the Convention on Biological Diversity in the development of criteria for the identification of ecologically [...]and biologically [...]significant areas and applicable standards for biodiversity-inclusive environmental impact assessment. daccess-ods.un.org |
欧洲研究所的目标包括以下各项：(a)在千年发展目标以及当前全球经济、安全和 环境挑战的背景下监测跨大西洋关系的发展情况；(b)对美国和欧洲需要开展更多 对话的领域做出预测；(c) 调查欧盟体制框架对某些领域的共同努力所做的贡献； (d)作为美国政府成员及其欧洲对应方就联合国各项活动和目标进行信息交流的 渠道；(e)建立一个中立的论坛，帮助欧洲和美国人民制订新的项目和伙伴关系， 促进新的行动方参与以及建立各种关系；以及(f)促进与第三国家、其他非政府组 织及联合国开展建设性对话。 daccess-ods.un.org | The objectives of the European Institute included the following: (a) to monitor developments in transatlantic relationsinthe context of the Millennium Development Goals and the global economic, security and environment challenges ahead; (b) to anticipate areas requiring additional dialogue between the United States and Europe; (c) to [...] survey the contributions made by the EU [...]institutional framework to common efforts in a number of areas; (d) to serve as a conduit for information between members of the United States Administration and their European counterparts regarding activities and goals of the United Nations; (e) to provide a neutral forum to help Europeans and Americans plan new projects and partnerships, engage new actors and build relationships; (f) and to facilitate a constructive dialogue with third countries, other non-governmental organizations and the United Nations. daccess-ods.un.org |
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