| 单词 | 大洋中脊 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 大洋中脊—mid-ocean ridge (geology)Examples:大西洋洋中脊—Atlantic mid-ocean ridge 大西洋中脊—Atlantic mid-ocean ridge 中大西洋脊—mid-Atlantic ridge See also:大洋n—oceann 洋中脊—mid-ocean ridge (geology) 中洋脊—mid-ocean ridge (geology) 中脊—mid-ocean ridge (geology)
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国际大洋中脊协会 与其他国际研究方案(如综合大洋钻探方案)保持联系，并 隶属于海洋研究科学委员会。 daccess-ods.un.org | InterRidgehas links with other international research programmes [...] (e.g. the Integrated Ocean Drilling Programme) and is [...]affiliated with the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research. daccess-ods.un.org |
2011 年，国际大洋中脊协会开始“巡航旅行助学金”计划，以使初入职业生 涯的科学家参加研究巡航。 daccess-ods.un.org | In 2011, InterRidge began a “cruise travel [...] bursary” scheme to enable earlycareer scientists to participate in research cruises. daccess-ods.un.org |
国际大洋中脊协会自 2009 年以来与国际海底管理局捐赠基金合作经办协会 的学生和博士后研究金项目。 daccess-ods.un.org | InterRidge has been in partnership with the International Seabed Authority Endowment Fund for the InterRidgestudent and [...] postdoctoral fellowship programme since 2009. daccess-ods.un.org |
捐赠基金发放的第一笔资金是给国际大洋中脊协会 的 30 000 美元赠款，目 的是为 2009-2011 年期间每年两个海洋科学研究金提供资金。 daccess-ods.un.org | The first award to be made from the Endowment Fund was a grant of $30,000 toInterRidge tocontribute towards the funding of twomarine science fellowships each year for the period 2009-2011. daccess-ods.un.org |
该组织在第一个十年(1992-2003)中建立了一个由先前单独展开工作的 国家组成的国际大洋中脊群体。 daccess-ods.un.org | The first decade (1992-2003) of the organization produced a [...] coordinated, international ridgecommunityof member [...]countries that had previously been working alone. daccess-ods.un.org |
另一笔研究金是全部由国际大洋中脊协会提供资助，可发给任何国家 的类似人员。 daccess-ods.un.org | A further fellowship, [...] fully fundedby InterRidge, isavailable [...]to a similar individual from any country. daccess-ods.un.org |
到目前为止，该 网络成员包括：国家海洋学中心(联合王国)、国家海洋技术研究所(印度)、法国 海洋开发研究所、联邦地球科学及自然资源研究所(德国)、国家海洋学研究所(印 [...] 度)、自然历史博物馆(联合王国)、美利坚合众国北卡罗来纳杜克大学和国际大 洋中脊协会，后者是一个促进洋底扩张中心跨学科研究的国际非营利组织。 daccess-ods.un.org | Members of the network to date include the National Oceanography Centre (United Kingdom); the National Institute of Ocean Technology (India); the French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea (IFREMER); the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (Germany); the National Institute of Oceanography (India); the Natural History Museum (United Kingdom); Duke University, North Carolina (United States [...] of America); and the International [...] Cooperation in Ridge-crest Studies (InterRidge), an international, [...]non-profit organization [...]promoting interdisciplinary studies of oceanic spreading centres. daccess-ods.un.org |
国际大洋 中脊协会以其在多学科方面的关注，能够为这种引起兴趣的不断发展的领域提供 [...] 国际和科学的视野。 daccess-ods.un.org | With its multidisciplinary [...] interests, InterRidge is ina position [...]to provide international, scientific perspectives to this evolving area of interest. daccess-ods.un.org |
国际大洋中脊协会的来函及其提供的补充资料见本说 明附件一和二。 daccess-ods.un.org | The text of the letter with the additional information provided by the applicant is contained in annexes I and II to the present note. daccess-ods.un.org |
我目前的研究兴趣主要集中在以下方面：(1)大洋中脊和弧-弧后系统上的海底 热液活动；(2) [...] 与热液活动有关的块状硫化物矿床和作为深海矿产资源的铁锰结 壳矿床；(3) 海底以下生物圈的微生物地球化学；(4) 热液系统内及其引发的地 球化学循环；(5) [...]陆地和海底的“稀有金属”矿产资源。 daccess-ods.un.org | My current research interests are mainly focused on: (1) [...] the seafloor hydrothermal activities [...] both onthe mid-ocean ridge and the arc-backarc [...]systems; (2) the massive sulfide deposits [...]related to hydrothermal activity and the ferromanganese crust deposits as deep-sea mineral resources; (3) the microbial geochemistry of the subseafloor biosphere; (4) the geochemical cycle within and from the hydrothermal systems; and (5) the “rare-metal” mineral resources on land and seafloor. daccess-ods.un.org |
已经颁发了 6 笔国际大洋中脊协会/国际海底管理局研究金，预计 2012 年至 2014 年之间再颁 发 9 个。 daccess-ods.un.org | SixInterRidge/International Seabed Authority fellowships have been awarded, with a further nine expected between 2012 and 2014. daccess-ods.un.org |
国际大洋中脊协会的宗旨为促进对海底扩张中心的交叉学科和国际研究，创 建一个全球性的研究群体，规划和协调仅靠单一个国家不能完成的新的科学研究 方案，交流科学信息，共享新技术和设施。 daccess-ods.un.org | InterRidge promotes interdisciplinary, international studies of oceanic spreading [...] centres by creating a global research [...]community, planning and coordinating new science programmes that no single nation can achieve alone, exchanging scientific information and sharing new technologies and facilities. daccess-ods.un.org |
我们认为，随着大洋中脊方面的商业利益持续存在，国际大 洋中脊协会可继续对管理局开拓多学科研究视野的工作做出积极贡献。 daccess-ods.un.org | With the continued commercial interest in mid-ocean ridges, we believe that InterRidge can contribute positively [...] to the work [...]of the Authority in bringing multidisciplinary research perspectives. daccess-ods.un.org |
学会还感谢国际大洋中脊协会，该协会海底矿物工作组、伍兹霍尔海洋学研究中 心，使 Philomene Verlaan 能够在 2009 年在麻省伍茨霍尔关于海底块状硫化物 深海开采研讨会上介绍经修订的现版《准则》草案。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Society appreciates the [...] support of InterRidge, its Working Group on Seafloor Mineralization, and the WoodsHole Oceanographic Institution [...]in enabling the presentation [...]of the current revised draft Code by Philomene Verlaan at the 2009 Science and Policy Workshop on Deep-Sea Mining of Seafloor Massive Sulphides, Woods Hole, MA. daccess-ods.un.org |
我们恳请国际海底管理局在 2012 年其下届会议上审议国际大洋中脊协会获 得观察员地位的申请。 daccess-ods.un.org | We respectfully request that InterRidge’s application [...] to be granted observer status in the International Seabed Authority [...]be considered at its next session, in 2012. daccess-ods.un.org |
海山的估计数目取决于海山的定义，海山因其形态、山体高度和与其他大型结构如海洋中脊和 大陆坡之间的关系不同而各异。 daccess-ods.un.org | The estimated number of seamounts depends on definitions, and the diversity of seamounts is considerable in terms [...] of morphology, summit depth, and association with other major [...] structures such asmid-oceanridge and continental slopes. daccess-ods.un.org |
随着国际海底管理局向中国和俄罗斯联邦发放多金属硫化物的勘探许可证，大洋中脊方面的商业利益在 2011 年开始进入一个新的阶段。 daccess-ods.un.org | Commercial interest in mid-ocean ridges began a new phase in 2011, with the granting of exploration licences for polymetallic sulphides by the International Seabed Authority to Chinaand the Russian Federation. daccess-ods.un.org |
2012 年的工作组涉及以下方面：弧-弧后系统、 热液能源和海洋碳循环、地幔成像、海洋拆离断层、海底成矿、针对南大西洋中 脊的勘探和喷口生态。 daccess-ods.un.org | Working groups in 2012 relate to arc-backarc systems, hydrothermal energy and ocean carbon cycles, mantle [...] imaging, oceanic detachment faults, seafloor [...] mineralization, south Mid-Atlantic Ridgetargeted exploration [...]and vent ecology. daccess-ods.un.org |
2010 年，国际大洋中脊协会办公室应国际海底管理局的要求，对国际 大洋中 脊研究 界成员进行调查，请其提供热液喷口地点的详细情况；在考虑多金属硫化 物勘探许可证申请时，可能需要保护这些地点。 daccess-ods.un.org | In 2010, at the request of the [...] International [...] Seabed Authority, the InterRidge office polled members of the international mid-ocean ridgeresearch community to provide [...]details [...]of hydrothermal vent sites that may require protection when considering licence applications for polymetallic sulphide exploration. daccess-ods.un.org |
2008 年，国际大洋中脊协会开始提供学生研究项目研究金，并于 2009 年开 始与国际海底管理局捐赠基金合作(30 000 美元)，以扩大国际大洋中脊协会学生 和博士后研究金方案。 daccess-ods.un.org | In2008, InterRidgebegan offering fellowships for students’ research projects,and in2009 InterRidgebegana partnership with the International Seabed Authority Endowment Fund ($30,000) to expand [...] the InterRidgestudent and postdoctoral fellowship programme. daccess-ods.un.org |
申请区域位于沿大西洋中脊海域，北纬 20˚57'46“到北纬 26˚20'29”和西经 [...] 46˚37'42“到西经 44˚37'20”之间，由 100 个区块组成，每个区块大约 10X10 公 里，区块分 6 个组群，每个组群有 5 到 25 个区块。 daccess-ods.un.org | The area under application is situated [...] along the Mid-Atlantic Ridgebetweenlatitudes [...]20°57'46"N and 26°20'29"N, and between [...]longitudes 46°37'42"W and 44°37'20"W. It consists of 100 blocks measuring approximately 10 km by 10 km each which are grouped into six clusters, each containing from 5 to 25 blocks. daccess-ods.un.org |
2010 年 9 月，《保护东北大西洋海洋环境公约》缔约方商定，指定 6 个公 [...] 海海洋保护区：米尔恩海隆复合区、查理-吉布斯南部断裂带、公海阿尔泰公海、 安蒂阿尔泰公海、约瑟芬公海以及亚速尔群岛公海以北大西洋中脊，自2011 年 4 月 12 日起生效。 daccess-ods.un.org | In September 2010 and with effect from 12 April 2011, the parties to the Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR Convention) agreed to designate six high-seas marine protected areas: Milne Seamount Complex; Charlie Gibbs South; Altair Seamount High Seas; Antialtair Seamount High Seas; Josephine Seamount High Seas; and Mid-Atlantic Ridge North of the Azores High Seas.241 When combined with the network of sites within national jurisdiction, these marine protected areas provide coverage of 3.1 per cent of the [...] total OSPAR Convention area.242 [...] Some of those marine protected areas overlie the outer continental shelf of a coastalState. daccess-ods.un.org |
这包括关闭哈顿-罗卡尔礁石区域和大西洋中脊。 daccess-ods.un.org | This comprises closures in the Hatton and Rockall bank areas and [...] areas onthe Mid-Atlantic Ridge. daccess-ods.un.org |
2009 年，东北大西洋 渔业委员会出于审慎的考虑，决定在原来禁渔至 2008 年底的中大西洋海脊大幅扩大禁渔区。 daccess-ods.un.org | In 2009, NEAFC decided to considerably expand [...] closures in theMid-Atlantic Ridge that had been closed [...]until the end of 2008 on a precautionary basis. daccess-ods.un.org |
在科学资料不那么完整的区域，如中大西洋海脊及周围的海山，有代表性的大面积区域也不向底层捕捞开放。 daccess-ods.un.org | In areas where scientific information was less complete, such [...] as on themid-Atlantic Ridge and adjacent seamounts, [...]large representative [...]areas were nonetheless closed to bottom fisheries. daccess-ods.un.org |
9 在海洋中脊，地球地幔中的岩浆、极大压力下的气体和水三者 之间的反应造成了高温深海喷口，它们富含化学物，滋养独特食物链最底层的细 菌。 daccess-ods.un.org | Hydrothermal ventssustaining benthicand benthopelagic communities [...] driven by chemosynthetic processes were first discovered [...]in the late 1970s.9 At mid-ocean ridges, interaction among the liquid magma from the Earth’s mantel, gases and water at extreme pressures create high-temperature deep-sea vents rich in chemicals that feed bacteria at the base of unique food chains. daccess-ods.un.org |
她然后阐述了联合王国对第 76 条中关于根据陆块和洋脊的联系规定扩展大陆边解释。 daccess-ods.un.org | She then elucidated the United Kingdom’s interpretation of article 76 in [...] connection with the establishment [...] of extendedcontinental margins on the basis of an association between a landmass and a ridge. daccess-ods.un.org |
管理局秘书长回顾说，2010 年 5 月 7 日，中国大洋矿产 资源研究开发协会(大 洋协会)提出了第一份勘探许可申请，覆盖西南印度洋海脊地区。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Secretary-General of the Authority recalled that on 7 May 2010, the first application for an [...] exploration licence had [...] been submitted by the ChinaOcean MineralResources Research and Development Association (COMRA), covering an area on the SouthWest IndianRidge. daccess-ods.un.org |
1.A. 用以说明主要地质特征的技术术语简短摘要：封闭和半封闭海——大陆架和斜坡——洋中脊—— 海山——珊瑚和其他生物礁——沉淀——主要河口—— [...] 峡湾和河口地带——海洋峡谷——沿海地质构造，沙滩，海洋湿地，红树林和滩 涂。 daccess-ods.un.org | 1.A. A short summary of the technical terms used to describe the main geological features: [...] enclosed and semi-enclosed seas — continental [...] shelves and slopes —mid-ocean ridges—seamounts — coral and other [...]biogenic reefs [...]— sedimentation — major estuaries — fjord and ria areas — ocean canyons — coastal geological structures, beaches, marine wetlands, mangroves and tidal flats. daccess-ods.un.org |
虽然分布广而且可能比人们预想的更常见，热液喷口是相对较小且具有地方 性的海洋地貌；它们通常存在于各大洋和各纬度分离型板块边界(海洋中脊)和存在弧后扩张中心的汇聚型板块。 daccess-ods.un.org | They typically occur at [...] divergent plate boundaries (mid-ocean ridges) and convergent plates where back-arc [...]spreading centres occur, in alloceans and at all latitudes. daccess-ods.un.org |
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