| 单词 | 基因库 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 基因库 noun —gene pool n基因库 —gene bankSee also:基因 n—gene n • genetics pl • genome n • genomic n 库—warehouse • storehouse
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关键词“从......所得形式”表示取自 基因库 的 材 料不能申请专利或其他 形式的权利，但材料经修改后（无论是怎样定义）是允许申请专利的。 iprcommission.org | The crucial words “in the form received” mean that material received cannot be patented as such, but they do allow patents to be taken out on modifications (however defined) to that material. iprcommission.org |
现存的大多数物种， 特别是由公共培育计划培育出的品种包含的基因材料来源广泛，通常来 自 基因库 的 基因材 料，而它们本身也有多样化的起源。 iprcommission.org | Most varieties now in existence, in particular those derived from public breeding programmes, contain genetic material from many sources, often derived from genetic material in gene banks, which themselves may have diverse origins. iprcommission.org |
为什么 要在挪威的永久冻土层建设基因库以 维护 世界农业的整体多样性？ netzhammerbreiholz.de | Why is a gene bank being built in the [...] Norwegian permafrost in order to safeguard the whole of the world’s agricultural diversity? netzhammerbreiholz.de |
(b) 儿童和未来世代受到铀矿开采造成的放射性污染影响最大，同 时 基因库 也受到长期影响 daccess-ods.un.org | (b) Children and future generations are the most [...] affected by radioactive contamination through uranium [...] mining, and by the genetic pool being affected [...]over the long term daccess-ods.un.org |
但随着植物培育越来越成为私营部门的活动， [...] 新品种大规模地取代传统品种，产生了一个至关重要的问题，即应该如何保存和维护基因 资源以备将来可能之需，是在田间还是在 “ 基因库 ”？ iprcommission.org | But, as plant breeding becomes an increasingly private sector activity, and new varieties displace traditional varieties on a large scale, there is the crucial issue [...] of how genetic resources are to be conserved and maintained for possible future use, whether [...] in fields or in “gene banks. iprcommission.org |
栖息地服务：为居民和迁徙物种提供生存空间的生态系统的重 要性（这样可保护基因库，维 持繁殖）。 teebweb.org | Habitat service: The importance of [...] ecosystems to provide living space for resident and migratory species (thus [...] maintaining the gene pool and nursery [...]service). teebweb.org |
例如：国际农业研究咨询团体的各中心在“绿色革命” [...] 中起到了至关重要的作用，目前它扮演世界上最大的有关发展中国家 的 基因库 的 护卫者角 色，该库是未来农作物改良的主要基因材料来源。 iprcommission.org | For instance, the CGIAR centres played a crucial role in the Green Revolution and now [...] act as the guardian of the world’s largest [...] collection of genetic resources of relevance [...]to developing countries, which is [...]the major source of crop improvements for the future. iprcommission.org |
1963 年，Okinsky [...] 地区的驯鹿牧养因据说效益不高而被取消， 给宝贵的家畜基因库造成 不可挽回的损失。 daccess-ods.un.org | In 1963, reindeer herding in Okinsky District was [...] declared unproductive and eradicated, which led to an irrevocable loss [...] of the valuable gene pool of the domestic animal. daccess-ods.un.org |
制定示范议定书或编制国际认 可的手册，可确保国家基因库采用的方法获得国际科学界认可，并确 保 基因库遵 守 对以下方面至关重要的法律原则：确保国 家 基因库 的 工 作不受不同党派的影 响，保护基因数据和成果信息并予以保密，以及对使用此种数据的权利作出限 制。 daccess-ods.un.org | The existence of a [...] model protocol or internationally approved manual would ensure that national genetic databanks apply methodologies that are accepted by the scientific community and that they [...]abide by those legal [...]principles that are essential for ensuring the non-partisan nature of their work and the protection and confidentiality of the data and outcome information, and for restricting access thereto. daccess-ods.un.org |
此外，还建议 支助保护当地的种子，应鼓励就种子的就地保护和适应方式问题进行互 访，并应提供资金，促进为建立地方 基因库 以 及 将现有种子库的收藏品 向土著人民开放。 daccess-ods.un.org | In addition, it was recommended that to support local seed conservation efforts, exchange visits of in situ seed conservation and adaptation approaches should [...] be encouraged, and [...] grant funding should be provided for the establishment of local gene banks and for [...]existing seed banks to [...]open their collection to indigenous peoples. daccess-ods.un.org |
对野猪华北、华南和东北种群的分析表明，各种 群 基因库 中 都 维持了较高的遗传变异水平。 actazool.org | High levels of genetic variationwere detected [...] in South China (SC), North China (NC) and Northeast China (NE) wild boar populations. actazool.org |
实验结果表明：亲本对子代基因库的 贡 献率的差异也是造成子代群体遗传变异水平降低的原因之一；微卫星标记可作为一种有效的工具用于对虾系谱的确认、人工繁育群体遗传多样性水平的监测等方面[动物学报52(1): 175 –181,2006]。 actazool.org | Microsatellite markers with rare alleles were effective tool for unambiguous parentage determination and estimation of genetic diversity in hatchery populations of Pacific white shrimp [Acta Zoologica Sinica 52(1): 175–181,2006]. actazool.org |
2008 年 3 [...] 月，该地区各国在塔什干举行了题为“咸海问题， 对 基因库 、 动 植 物的影响以及国际合作减轻后果”的国际会议。 daccess-ods.un.org | Initiated by the States of the region, the international [...] conference on the theme “Problems of [...] Aral: impact on the gene pool, flora and [...]fauna, and international cooperation for mitigating [...]consequences”, was held in Tashkent in March 2008. daccess-ods.un.org |
中澳表型组学联合研究中心的澳方负责人艾德•伯特伦（Ed [...] Bertram）博士对此表示赞同：“本中心的成立是为了建立一个大规模 的 基因库 ， 使 我们具备出色的基因研究能力，并在降低研究成本的同时快速研究各种重 [...]要疾病的诱病基因。 australiachina.com.au | Dr Ed Bertram, Australian Director of The China-Australia Centre for Phenomics [...] Research agrees: “The proposal is to build a [...] large scale gene library which will give [...]us massive capacity to study genes in a range [...]of important diseases quickly and cheaply. australiachina.com.au |
为了壮大非洲基因库，教科文组织将协助非洲国家保护和可持续利用 微生物多样性。 unesdoc.unesco.org | To strengthen African gene banks, UNESCO will [...] assist African countries in the conservation and sustainable use of microbial diversity. unesdoc.unesco.org |
本报告还 基于国家和组织提交的答复，概述了各国关于采取措施调查违反人权法和国际人 [...] 道主义法行为的法律和做法，特别是通过应用法医遗传学和建 立 基因库 进 行调 查。 daccess-ods.un.org | Based on responses received from States and organizations, the report also outlines State law and practice regarding initiatives taken in order to investigate human rights and international [...] humanitarian law violations, particularly through the use of forensic genetics and [...] the establishment of genetic databanks. daccess-ods.un.org |
10/26 号决议请人权高专办向各国、政府间组织和非政府组 织索取资料，说明应用法医遗传学查明严重侵犯人权和违反国际人道主义法行为 [...] 受害者身份的最佳做法，以便考虑是否有可能拟订一份手册，作为应用法医遗传 学的指南，包括酌情自愿创立和运营有适当保障措施 的 基因库。 daccess-ods.un.org | In its resolution 10/26 the Council requested OHCHR to request information from States, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations on best practices in the use of forensic genetics for identifying victims of serious violations of human rights and international humanitarian law with a view to considering the possibility of drafting a manual that may serve as a guide for the application of forensic [...] genetics, including, where appropriate, the voluntary creation [...] and operation of genetic banks, with appropriate [...]safeguards. daccess-ods.un.org |
遗传多样性可区别不同 [...] 的品种或种类，是引进适合地方栽培的品种的基础，并为将来发展经济作物和牲畜提 供 基因 库。 teebweb.org | Genetic diversity distinguishes different breeds or races from each other thus [...] providing the basis for locally well-adapted [...] cultivars and a gene pool for further [...]developing commercial crops and livestock. teebweb.org |
2010 年，关 于建立中央基因库的法律生效，该 基因库 收 存 从失踪人员遗体获得的基因资料以 及从失踪人员家属获得的生物学参考样本。 daccess-ods.un.org | In 2010, legislation [...] to create a centralized genetic databank for genetic profiles obtained [...]from the remains of disappeared [...]persons and biological reference samples obtained from families of disappeared persons came into force. daccess-ods.un.org |
中国建有对全世界 都具有重要意义的栽培和非栽培植物 基因库。 netzhammerbreiholz.de | They represent a gene pool for cultivated [...] and non-cultivated plants of worldwide importance. netzhammerbreiholz.de |
阿根廷于1987年5月13 [...] 日通过第23.511 号法令建立了国家基因库，此 举 重申了阿根廷致力于竭尽全力查明有关一些儿童下落的信息，这些儿童同其父母 [...]一起遭到绑架，或是在其母亲被囚禁期间出生，他们被与国家恐怖主义直接或间 接相关的人员带走，这些人还迫使这些儿童使用新的身分。 daccess-ods.un.org | In establishing the National Genetic Data Bank by Act [...] No. 23.511 of 13 May 1987, Argentina reaffirmed its commitment to [...]seek by any and all means information on the whereabouts of children who had been abducted with their parents or born during their mothers’ captivity, and who had been taken away and given new identities by persons directly or indirectly associated with State terrorism. daccess-ods.un.org |
2004 年通过的《粮食和农 业植物遗传资源国际条约》就在极地地 区建设基因库达成一致。 netzhammerbreiholz.de | Its construction in the polar region was agreed on in 2004 as part of the International [...] Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for [...]Food and Agriculture. netzhammerbreiholz.de |
年期间失踪的人员以及因政治目的而被法外处决的受害者，并为这项 工作建立一个基因库。 daccess-ods.un.org | DGVJR was mandated to, inter alia, search for disappeared persons and victims of politically motivated extrajudicial killings [...] between 1954 and 1989, in partnership with other State institutions, [...] and to establish a genetic database for this task. daccess-ods.un.org |
建立基因库对开展大规模的身份确认 项目至关重要。 daccess-ods.un.org | Creating genetic databanks is crucial to conducting [...] large-scale identification projects. daccess-ods.un.org |
不过，该小组指出，鉴于 建立基因库可能带来的“复杂性、争议和副作用”，它坚决支持举办国际研讨会 讨论最佳做法，并通过关于建立这类资料库的章程或指南。 daccess-ods.un.org | However, it noted that in light of the “complexity, controversies and [...] byproducts” that may arise in the [...] establishment of genetics databanks, it strongly supports [...]the holding of an international [...]symposium to discuss best practices and the adoption of a protocol or guidelines for the establishment of such databanks. daccess-ods.un.org |
( 人权高专办) 发出的普通照会的答复，1以 及阿根廷法医人类学小组、红十字国际委员会( 红十字会) 和失踪人员国际委员会 [...] 的答复，介绍了各国关于在履行调查义务时应用法医遗传学的法律和做法，以及 拟定法医遗传学应用指南和建立并运 营 基因库 方 面 的进展。 daccess-ods.un.org | It then draws on the contributions received from States in response to a note verbale transmitted by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR),1 as well as those received from the Argentine Forensic Anthropology Team (EAAF), the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and the International Commission on Missing Persons (ICMP), to present State law and practice regarding the use of forensic genetics in the context of the obligation to investigate, and some developments [...] pertaining to the creation of a manual for the application of forensic [...] genetics and the creation and operation of genetics banks. daccess-ods.un.org |
本节介绍了 各国关于包括通过建立基因库应用 法医遗传学调查严重违反人权法和国际人道主 [...] 义法行为的法律和做法，以及法医遗传学在其他背景例如刑事司法系统中的作 用。 daccess-ods.un.org | It presents State law and practice pertaining to the [...] use of forensic genetics in investigations [...]of gross violations of human rights law [...]and serious violations of international humanitarian law, including through the creation of genetic databanks, as well as the role of this field of science in other contexts, such as criminal justice systems. daccess-ods.un.org |
吴敏乐：中国是许多大田作物的重要 基因库 水稻 大豆和奇异果 猕猴桃 皆源自中国 中国仍有许多地方品种 从 粮食安全 气候变化以及环境变化适应性 的角度来看 保护这些地方品种对德国而 言也是一个重要的目标 我们不仅保护已 知的农作物品种 同时 也保护这些农作 物的野生近缘植物 在这方面 未来中国 医药及农业领域具有很大的发展潜力 [...] 这 同样能造福德国 netzhammerbreiholz.de | In view of food security and climate change, and of adaptation to changing circumstances, conserving these local varieties is also an important goal for Germany. netzhammerbreiholz.de |
代表团说，已建立了基因 库 ，以便对在万 人 坑 已 挖掘的 尸 体的识 别 ； 并 成立了虚拟识 别 股 ，以协 调参与此项工作的所有司 法和 警察机构的活动。 daccess-ods.un.org | The delegation reported on the [...] establishment of a gene bank to facilitate the identification of remains of people found in mass graves, [...]as well of a virtual [...]identification unit to coordinate the work of all judicial police agencies involved in this task. daccess-ods.un.org |
但国际农业研究咨询团体的活动资金是 由捐赠机构提供的，自 1990 年就开始明显减少11 ，这不仅威胁到该团体的研究工作，而 且影响到该团体保护基因库的能 力或援助发展中国家保护本 国 基因库 的 能 力。 iprcommission.org | But funding for the CGIAR system, which is provided by the donor community, has fallen in real terms since 199011 and this threatens [...] both its [...] research effort and its ability to maintain its gene banks, or assist developing countries in maintaining [...]their own collections. iprcommission.org |
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