| 单词 | 地面灌溉 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 地面灌溉—surface irrigationSee also:地面n—groundn surfacen floorn ground leveln 灌溉n—irrigationn wateringn 灌溉adj—irrigatedadj 灌溉—irrigate 地面adj—terrestrialadj
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因为人工操作高速水流比较困难， 需要同时开展精确地面灌溉和高速水流灌溉的科学研究。 wrdmap.org | The science [...] behindprecisionsurface irrigationalso becomes [...]necessary with high flow irrigation, because of the difficulty [...]in operating high flows manually. wrdmap.org |
增加的灌溉地面积主要是在下游国家，这些国家的低洼地为发展灌溉农业提 供了合适的条件。 daccess-ods.un.org | The area of irrigated land increased [...] mainly in downstream countries, whose lowlands provided suitable conditions for the [...]development of irrigation-based agriculture. daccess-ods.un.org |
渔业领域与农业和畜牧业之间可能对水和土地资源有竞争，特别是灌溉农业以及牲畜和养殖的鱼之间关于饲料的可获得性和相关效 率方面。 fao.org | Competition between the fishery [...] sector and agriculture and [...] livestock may arise over water and landresources, especially for irrigated agriculture, as well as in relation to the availability and relative [...][...]efficiency of the use of feeds between livestock and farmed fish. fao.org |
这也意味着资本基础设施——市场 覆盖面、灌溉方法、支线道路得到改善，所有这些对于发展地方经济(见下文饼 图)、减少贫困和饥饿至关重要。 daccess-ods.un.org | It also means improvements in the [...] capital infrastructure — covered markets, irrigation schemes,feeder roads — critical for developing localeconomies (see pie chart below) and reducing poverty and hunger. [...] daccess-ods.un.org |
目前的价格制度基本上是基于面积的，对单位灌溉土地分配标准水量，并满足 种植作物的需要。 wrdmap.org | The pricing system [...] is generally area-basedand a standardized volume of water is assigned per unit ofirrigated land,to suit [...]the crops cultivated. wrdmap.org |
1960 和 1970 年代所谓的绿色革命，在相当大程度上造就了世界大部分地区 [...] 的现有粮食体系，当时推动农业产量增长的途径，一方面是更密集地使用灌溉用水以及对环境有害的化肥和杀虫剂，另一方面是推出许多新品种种子(图 O.3)。 daccess-ods.un.org | In large parts of the world, food systems were shaped to a considerable extent by the so-called green revolution of the 1960s and 1970s, which pushed [...] agricultural yields as much through [...] much more intensive use of irrigation water and environmentally [...]harmful chemical fertilizers [...]and pesticides, as through the introduction of new seeds varieties (figure O.3). daccess-ods.un.org |
挂图中的数据包括农村地区的农村人口规模和增长速度、农业人口规模、 农业区和农田、森林面积、灌溉面积、获得改善供水和卫生的情况、农业中经济 活跃人口和化肥的使用；以及城市地区的城市人口规模和增长率、人类住区占据 的土地面积、生活在贫民窟中的城市人口、获得改善供水和卫生的情况、二氧化 碳的排放量、空气中颗粒物的密度、产业和服务业中的就业、国内生产总值、使 用中的机动车辆和能源消耗。 daccess-ods.un.org | The data contained in the wallcharts include, for the rural areas, size and rate of growth of the rural population, size of the agricultural population, [...] agricultural area and cropland, forest area,irrigated areas, access to improved water and sanitation, economically active population in agriculture and fertilizer use; and for the urban areas, size and rate of growth of the urban population, land areaoccupied by human settlements, urban population living in slums, access to improved water and sanitation, carbon dioxide emissions, concentrations of particulate matter in the air, employment in industry and services, gross domestic product, motor vehicles in use and consumption of energy. [...] daccess-ods.un.org |
考虑到阿 拉伯地区的需求，应该特别强调灌溉方法，荒漠化，以及自然灾害有效管理、水资源综合管 理和水资源利用的伦理问题的教育与研究。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Taking into account the needs of the Arab region, [...] special emphasis should be giventoirrigation methods,desertification, education [...]and [...]research for efficient management of natural disasters and integrated management of water resources as well as ethics of water use. unesdoc.unesco.org |
除造成普遍贫穷外，荒漠化最显着的影响是造成总面积达 33 亿公顷的牧场 退化，占牧场面积的73%，有可能降低对人类和动物的负担能力；约 47%的旱地 地区的土壤肥沃性和土壤结构退化，这些旱地地区是偶尔靠雨水灌溉的耕地；占旱地地区30%的灌溉耕地退化，这些地区人口密集，有农业潜力。 daccess-ods.un.org | The most obvious impact of desertification, in addition to producing widespread poverty, is the degradation of 3.3 billion hectares of the total area of rangeland, constituting 73 per cent of the rangeland with a low potential for human and animal [...] carrying capacity; the decline in soil [...] fertility and soil structure on about 47 per cent of the dryland areas constituting marginal rain-fed cropland; and the degradationof irrigated cropland, amounting to 30 per cent of the dryland areas with high population density and agricultural potential. daccess-ods.un.org |
如果上游地表水灌溉系统采取节水措施，即：减少总的灌 溉面积，或减少其余地区的损失，这将可能会影响下游地下水系统的可持续性。 wrdmap.org | Water savingin thesurface water irrigationsystems – whether by reduction in total irrigatedarea, or reduction in losses [...] from the remaining [...]area could impact on the sustainability of the downstream groundwater systems. wrdmap.org |
与江河三角洲有 关的大片毗连灌溉土地面临着流入量减少、年度洪水周期改变、盐度增加和海平 [...] 面上升的风险组合。 daccess-ods.un.org | The large [...] contiguous areas of irrigated land associated [...]with river deltas are at risk from a combination of reduced inflows, [...]change in annual flood cycles, increased salinity and sea-level rise. daccess-ods.un.org |
我们强调粮食保障的重要性，并强调应该增加发展中国家内的灌溉面积，包 括加快现有的灌溉和使其现代化，为此应该以低成本、节水、提高作物产量 以及有关地表水和地下水的强化、多样化和联合利用的知识为基础，分享南 南经验和知识。 daccess-ods.un.org | We stress the importance of food [...] security, as well as the areaunder irrigation in developing countries, which should be increased, including the acceleration and modernization of existing irrigation through the South-South [...]sharing of [...]experiences and knowledge on the basis of low cost, water savings, crop yield increase and knowledge relating to the intensification and diversification and conjunctive use of surface and groundwater. daccess-ods.un.org |
亚洲许多大型中央管理灌溉系统需要现代化，以支持现代农耕方式 以及食物需求量的变化。百分之九十五的灌溉依靠地面漫灌，所以应优先采用的 是水渠灌溉改进技术。 daccess-ods.un.org | Ninety-five [...] percent of irrigationrelies onsurface flooding, so technologies [...]that improve canal irrigation are of high priority. daccess-ods.un.org |
开发署正在加沙和西岸实施几个项目，其中包括一个用于恢复加沙地带的农 业用地、灌溉基础设施、渔业部门和禽畜生产的全面紧急应对方案。 daccess-ods.un.org | UNDP is implementing several projects in Gaza and the West Bank, including a comprehensive emergency [...] response programme [...] for rehabilitation of agriculturallands, irrigationinfrastructure, the fishery sector and livestock [...]production in the Gaza Strip. daccess-ods.un.org |
通过并购或创设，Bourns 仍在持续不断地发展壮大。 现今公司产品线包括精密电位器、面板控制器、编码器、电阻器／电容器网络、片式电阻器／阵列、电感器、变压器、自恢复保险丝、晶闸管过压保护器、馈线电阻器、气体放电管、电话局保护器、5 针保护器、工业信号、灌溉及石油保护器、CATV 同轴电缆保护器、信号数据保护器、室内外 POT 分路器、网络接口器件以及集成电路等。 digikey.cn | Product lines now include precision potentiometers, panel controls, encoders, resistor/capacitor [...] networks, chip resistors/arrays, inductors, [...] transformers, resettable fuses, thyristor-based overvoltage protectors, line feed resistors, gas discharge tubes, telephone station protectors, 5-pin protectors, industrialsignal,irrigation and petroleum protectors, CATV coax protectors, signal data protectors, indoor and outdoor POT splitters, network interface devices, and integrated circuits. digikey.at |
应投资于可持续农业、当地灌溉计划和更好地利用当地的生物多样性，以降低贫 穷农民面对气候变化时的脆弱性。 daccess-ods.un.org | Poor farmers’ vulnerability to climate change should be [...] reduced by investment in sustainable agriculture,local irrigation schemes and better use of local biodiversity. daccess-ods.un.org |
影响定额的主要因素包括：自然和地理条件、灌溉方法、水源类型、灌溉面积、灌溉类型、距取水口距离、节水指标、充分或亏缺灌溉、作物类型、作物耕种方法、作物 品种、管理方法、农艺措施和灌溉方法。 wrdmap.org | The main factors which influence the norms include: [...] natural and geographical [...] conditions,irrigation practices, types of water sources, the size of irrigated area, types of [...]irrigation, distance from [...]the water intake, water saving standard, full or deficit irrigation, crop types, crop cultivation methods, crop varieties, management practices, agronomic measures, and irrigation practices. wrdmap.org |
这将使该地区 得以继续实施农业土地恢复生产的措施和方案、防止灌溉区水资源稀缺的技术以及获得提供资源的融 资机制，以减轻和扭转荒漠化。 daccess-ods.un.org | That would allow the region to continue to implement measures and programmes on soil [...] recovery for [...] agriculture, land for production, techniques to prevent water scarcity in irrigationzones andaccess [...]to financial mechanisms [...]for the provision of resources to mitigate and reverse desertification. daccess-ods.un.org |
截至 2009 [...] 年，泰国政府通过泰国国际开发 合作署，将其国民总收入的 11%用于南南合作活动，重点放在备灾、农村卫生和灌溉及防治疟疾等方面。daccess-ods.un.org | As of 2009, through the Thailand International Development Cooperation Agency, the Government of Thailand was spending 11 per cent of its gross national income on [...] South-South cooperation activities, focusing on disaster preparedness, [...] rural health andirrigation,and combating malaria. daccess-ods.un.org |
这些项目涉及拆除地震损坏的政府楼 房、医院、孤儿院和学校；为修建新楼房(包括一个霍乱治疗中心)平整土地；修路；钻井；为迎接雨季到来疏浚河流和运河；在灌溉方面做出各种改善。 daccess-ods.un.org | These projects involved the removal of earthquake-damaged Government buildings, hospitals, orphanages and schools; the preparation of land for the construction of new buildings including cholera treatment centres; road repair; well-drilling; river and [...] canal drainage in preparation [...] for the rainy season (including in camps for internally displaced persons); and various irrigationimprovements. daccess-ods.un.org |
这需要压缩灌溉面积，减少流向含盐地下水或海水的渗漏 水量，或者减少无效蒸发。 wrdmap.org | It requires a reduction in irrigated areasand a reduction in losses [...] which result in seepage to saline aquifers or the sea, [...]or in unproductive evaporation. wrdmap.org |
此外，作为国家工作队拟订的机构间行动计划的一部分，粮农组织批准了两 个中央应急基金下的项目，为受飓风古斯塔夫和艾克影响地区购买种子、灌溉机械和工具，总金额 900 000 美元。 daccess-ods.un.org | In addition, as part of the Inter-agency Action Plan created by the country team, FAO approved two projects under the [...] Central Emergency Revolving [...] Fund for seeds,irrigation machinery and tools purchase in areas affected by hurricanes [...]Gustav and Ike, for a total amount of $900,000. daccess-ods.un.org |
根据一般的追踪概 念，同位素技术是研究人员能够评估水坝的落实情况，查明容易受到地表水 和灌溉水污染的地下水区。 daccess-ods.un.org | Based on a general concept of tracing, isotope techniques enable researchers to assess [...] dam leakage and identify groundwater zones that are [...] vulnerable to contamination from surface water and irrigationwater. daccess-ods.un.org |
这方面有令人鼓舞的迹象，例如建立改进型的过鱼 道，使河流鱼类穿过水电设施洄游，并提高效率改进灌溉系统2。但 是，许多国家依然缺乏有效处理跨行业问题的机制能力。 fao.org | There are encouraging signs of this, such as the development of improved fish passes [...] that allow [...] riverine fish to migrate past hydroelectric facilities and improvementsinirrigation systems that increase their efficiency.2 However, many countries still lack [...]the institutional [...]capacity to deal effectively with multisectoral issues. fao.org |
地方政府提供了大量对于实现千年发展目标至关重要的基础设施和相关服 务：修建和养护道路、市场和仓库设施；灌溉计划；小学、保健中心及其他改善 生活和有助于地方经济增长的公共投资。 daccess-ods.un.org | Local governments provide much of the infrastructure and related services that are crucial to attaining the Millennium Development Goals: the building [...] and maintenance of [...] roads, marketplaces and warehouse facilities;irrigation schemes;primary schools, health centres, and [...]other public investments [...]that improve lives and help local economies grow. daccess-ods.un.org |
(o) 在各级促进建立强大的有利环境，以提高发展中国家的农业生产、生产 力和可持续性，采取的方式包括公共和私营部门投资、土地使用规划、高效率的 水管理、足够的农村基础设施(包括灌溉)、发展强有力的农业价值链、改善农民 利用市场和土地的机会并在国家及国际各级完善支助性经济政策和机构 daccess-ods.un.org | (o) Promoting at all levels a strong enabling environment for enhancing agricultural production, productivity and sustainability in developing countries, including through public and [...] private investment, [...] land-use planning, efficient water management, adequate rural infrastructure,includingirrigation,and developing strong agricultural value chains and improving access of farmers to markets [...]and land and supportive [...]economic policies and institutions at the national and international levels daccess-ods.un.org |
这些技术使农业生产出现了革命，特别是在灌溉方面。世界各地的农民都在使用以色列合作社开发的 技术来提高作物产量、更高效地灌溉土地和减少碳排 放。 daccess-ods.un.org | Farmers in every corner of the planet are [...] using Israeli technology, developed in cooperatives, to improve crop yields, irrigate their fields more efficiently, and reduce their carbon footprint. daccess-ods.un.org |
由于广泛开垦新灌溉地，从这一区域的两条主要河流——阿姆河和锡 尔河汲取的水量翻了一番，而新灌溉地的面积在相当短的时期内从 400 万增至 800 多万公顷。 daccess-ods.un.org | The amount of water being drawn from the two main rivers in the region, the Amu Darya and the Syr Darya, [...] doubled following the extensive [...] reclamationof newly irrigatedland, whose area increased [...]in a relatively short period of time [...]from 4 million to more than 8 million hectares. daccess-ods.un.org |
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