| 单词 | 国内产权 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 国内产权 noun —domestic property nSee also:国内 adj—national adj • internal adj • gross domestic adj 国内—civil • internal (a country) 国产 adj—homemade adj 产权—property right
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这些机构应分析如何从与土著土地财 产权相关的国际人权标准角度来理解 国内产权 制 度 中通常包含的强度和排他性 标准。 daccess-ods.un.org | These agencies should undertake analytical work on how the intensity and exclusivity [...] criteria that are commonly [...] encompassed in domestic property rights systems could be understood in the context of international human rights standards related to indigenous property rights. daccess-ods.un.org |
各国代表团尤其重点提及以下实际措施：促进 海洋科学研究；制订研究活动的行为守则；进行环境影响评估，包括在一般环境影 响评估的框架内制订 评估对海洋遗传资源的影响的准则；建立合作和分享海洋遗传 资源研究产生的信息和知识的机制，包括让发展 中 国 家 的 研究人员更多地参加相关 研究项目；建立海洋保护区；讨论分享惠益的可行方案，包括协助获取样本的方案； 审议国家管辖范围以外区域海洋遗传资源涉及的知 识 产权 问 题(A/65/68，第73段)。 daccess-ods.un.org | Notably, delegations highlighted the following practical measures: the promotion of marine scientific research; the development of codes of conduct for research activities; environmental impact assessments, including the development of guidance on assessments of [...] impacts on marine genetic [...] resources within the general environmental impact assessment process; the establishment of mechanisms for cooperation and the sharing of information and knowledge resulting from research on marine genetic resources, including by increasing the participation of researchers from developing countries in relevant research projects; the establishment of marine protected areas; discussions on practical options for benefit-sharing, including options for facilitating access to samples; and consideration of the intellectual property aspects of marine genetic resources beyond areas of national jurisdiction (A/65/68, para. 73). daccess-ods.un.org |
这次金融和经济危机特别是对发展中国家妇女的经济 赋 权产 生 了 不利影响， 其主要传导机制是：全球出口下降，直接影响到出口部门的生产，然后通过消极倍 增效应对国内市场产生不利影响(特别是出口依赖型经济国)；发展中国家的资本流 入骤减；援助具有助长周期性波动的性质；危机对移徙工人产生影响，从而影响到 汇款；随之而出现的是汇率贬值，影响到国内 生 产 和 价格；全球粮价的异常波动产 生影响；很多发展中国家财政紧缩已经导致重大公共开支的削减和社会发展收益的 减少，进而影响基本服务的提供，使社会发展成果付之东流，并影响生活品质。 daccess-ods.un.org | The main transmission mechanisms of the financial and economic crisis that have had negative impacts on women’s economic empowerment, especially in developing countries, have been the global decline in exports, which has directly affected production in the export sector and subsequently domestic markets through negative multiplier effects (especially in export-dependent economies); significant declines in capital flows to the developing world; [...] the pro-cyclical nature of aid; the impact [...]of the crisis on migrant workers and therefore on remittances; the consequent exchange rate devaluation, which has affected domestic production and prices; the impact of extreme volatility in global food prices; and the fiscal constraints in many developing countries that have already led to cutbacks in important public expenditures and social development gains, thereby affecting access to basic services, reversing social development gains and adversely affecting their quality of life. daccess-ods.un.org |
根据联合国损失登记册细则和条例第 11 条的规定，满足以下条件的索赔有 资格列入登记册：(a) 索赔人为自然人或法人；(b) 索赔人已实际满足提交索赔 的技术要求；(c) 索赔在损失登记册的管辖范围内；(d ) 索赔人表明在声称的损 失中拥有合法的权益；(e) 声称的损失必须是物质损失；(f) 索赔人必须表明声 称的损失同在巴勒斯坦被占领土修建隔离墙有因果关系；(g) 声称的损失事实上 是持续性的；(h) 索赔的佐证文件和主张实质上是一致的；(i) 根据索赔人提交 的资料和文件，索赔已有初步证据，在某些没有相反证据的情况下假定索赔人说 的是实话，同时铭记索赔人的产权和 居民身份不尽相同。 daccess-ods.un.org | In accordance with article 11 of the Rules and Regulations, claims are eligible for inclusion in the Register if: (a) the claimant is a natural or legal person; (b) the claimant has substantially met the technical requirements for submitting a claim; (c) the claim is within the jurisdiction of the Register of Damage; (d) the claimant has established a legal interest in the claimed damage; (e) the claimed damage is material; (f) the claimant has established a causal link between the claimed damage and the construction of the Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory; (g) the claimed damage was in fact sustained; (h) the documents and assertions in support of the claim are substantially consistent; and (i) the claim has been established prima facie, based on the information and documents submitted by the claimant, giving the claimant the benefit of the doubt in appropriate cases and bearing in mind the varying circumstances with regard to title and residency status of claimants. daccess-ods.un.org |
鉴于联合国教科文组织的名称、简称和标识已根据 1883 年通过的并于 1967 年在斯德 哥尔摩修订的《保护工业产权巴黎 公约》第 6 条丙款的规定，正式通告并得到巴黎联 盟成员国的接受，联合国教科文组织可利用巴黎公约成 员 国国内 的 有 关机制，防止以 任何会造成与联合国教科文组织有关系之误解的方式使用联合国教科文组织的名称、 简称和标识。 unesdoc.unesco.org | To the extent that the name, acronym and logo of UNESCO have been notified and accepted by the Paris Union Member States under the Article 6ter of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial [...] Property, adopted in [...] 1883 and revised at Stockholm in 1967, UNESCO has recourse to Paris Convention Member States’ domestic systems to prevent the use of the name, acronym or logo of UNESCO where such use falsely suggests [...]a connection with UNESCO. unesdoc.unesco.org |
自从某些曾参与前军事政 权的部门做出了激烈反应之后，阿根 廷 国内产 生 了一些忧虑，但是绝大部分国民均对 这种激烈反应表示谴责。 unesdoc.unesco.org | In the case of Argentina, some concerns have arisen following the violent reaction of some sectors involved in the former military regime, but the overwhelming majority of the population has condemned this reaction. unesdoc.unesco.org |
在这方面，我们强调必须制订各种监测武装冲突 期间侵犯平民行动的办法，以及必须采取措施说服全 世界所有国家和冲突各方履行承诺，不把平民当作攻 击目标和在没有双重标准的情况下保护平民的生命、 财产及合 法利益，同时铭记必须完全尊重各国的 主权 和不干涉它国内政的原则。 daccess-ods.un.org | In that connection, we emphasize the need to develop methods for monitoring acts committed against civilians during armed conflicts and the need for measures to be taken to persuade all countries and parties to conflicts throughout the world to fulfil their commitment not to target civilians and to protect their lives, property and legitimate interests without applying double [...] standards, bearing in mind [...] the need to fully respect the sovereignty of States and the principle of non-interference in their internal affairs. daccess-ods.un.org |
它迫使认可它的最不发达国家（绝大多数是 OAPI 成员国）在需要前就采用《与贸 易有关的知识产权协议 》；它对强制许可证颁发的限制超出了《与贸易有关的知 识 产权协 议 》要求的程度；它没有明确允许平行进口；它 把 国 际 植物新品种保护联盟 (UPOV) 1991 的部分内容归入该协议内并且 提供作者死后 70 年的著作权期限。 iprcommission.org | It obliges LDC members (the majority of OAPI members) who ratify it to apply TRIPS in advance of need; it restricts the issuance of compulsory licences to a greater extent than required by TRIPS; it does not explicitly allow parallel imports; it incorporates the elements of UPOV 1991 in the agreement and it provides for a copyright term of 70 years after the death of the author. iprcommission.org |
南南合作及其议程应当由南方国家确定，应当继续以尊重国家 主 权 、 国 家自 主和独立、平等、无条件、不干涉内 政 和 互惠互利原则为指导。 daccess-ods.un.org | South-South cooperation and its agenda have to be set by countries of the South and should continue to be guided by the [...] principles of respect for national [...] sovereignty, national ownership and independence, equality, non-conditionality, non-interference in domestic affairs and mutual [...]benefit. daccess-ods.un.org |
所有形式的私营企业，无论是从事 国内 市 场 、对外投资还是国际贸易，都需 要一个有利于增长和发展的作业环境，包括和平、稳定、法治、附有问责和透明 制度的善治、无腐败、适足基础设施、有素质的劳动力队伍、清 晰 产权 、 以 及可 强制执行的合同。 daccess-ods.un.org | All forms of [...] private enterprise — domestic markets, foreign investment and international trade — require an operating environment conducive to growth and development, including: peace and stability, the rule of law, good governance with accountability and transparency, the absence of corruption, adequate infrastructure, an educated workforce, clear property rights and enforceable contracts. daccess-ods.un.org |
面临的挑战包括该地区的地理情况，太平洋各 岛 国内 部 和 各 国 之 间 会 产 生 高 昂的差旅 费，以及其他机构在教育、文化以及科学优先事项方面缺乏承诺。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Challenges faced include the region’s [...] geography, entailing high travel [...] costs both within and between Pacific Island countries, and the [...]lack of commitment from other [...]agencies towards education, culture and science priorities. unesdoc.unesco.org |
但该措施在与 TRIPS 的兼容性方面出现了问题，TRIPS 使专利权享受 无差别的对待，无论产品是进口的 还是国产的30 。包括英国在内的发 达国家已经根据其自身对 TRIPS 协定的解释从它们的法 令中删除了这条规定。 iprcommission.org | Questions arise however about the compatibility of [...] this measure with TRIPS [...] which makes patent rights enjoyable without discrimination as to whether the product is imported or domestically produced.30 Developed [...]countries, including [...]the UK, have generally removed this provision from their statutes on the basis of their own interpretation of the TRIPS Agreement. iprcommission.org |
关于建筑设计活动的第 1350 号法律(2000 年 11 月 2 日通过)所要实现的主 要目标是，有效开发全国建筑、保护传统建筑、确定建筑师在建筑设计活动中的 主导作用，协调建筑设计活动内部的关系、确定建筑设计活动的形式 、 国 家 资 助 的形式以及中央和地方政府机构在建筑与城市化方面的职能、保护建筑师的知识 产权、明 确参与建筑设计活动的自然人和法人实体的主要职能、权利和义务。 daccess-ods.un.org | Law on architectural activity No. 1350 from 02.11.2000, which has as main aim the efficient development of the national architecture, perseverance of its traditional stile and determination of the role of the architect as the dominant person in the process of architectural activity and regulates the relations that appear within the architectural activity, determines the [...] forms of [...] architectural activity, state support and the competence of the central and local public administration bodies in the field of architecture and urbanism, justifies the intellectual property rights of the architect, establishes [...]the main functions, [...]rights and obligations of the physical and legal entities involved in the process of architectural activity. daccess-ods.un.org |
开展目标明确的活动，侧重于冲突后局势中妇女和女孩，包括寡妇、女户 主、女性难民和国内流离 失所者面临的特别制约，如没有土地 和 产权 以 及 无法获 取和控制经济资源。 un.org | Develop targeted activities focused on the specific constraints facing women and girls, including widows, female [...] heads of households, refugees and IDPs, in [...] post-conflict situations, such as lack of land, property rights and access to and control over economic resources. un.org |
执行该法的条例除其他外，包括《1980 年关于法令颁布前的勘探者的深海海底采矿条例》、《1980 年关于勘探许可证的深 海海底采矿条例》、《关于商业采收执照的深海海底采矿条例》、第 103-426 号公 法、1994 年 10 月 31 日颁发的《授权内政部长谈判制定关于利用外大陆架上的沙 砾、……关于利用外大陆架上的砂、砾和贝壳沉积资源的法令和贝壳沉积资源的 法令》、美国内政部矿产管理局 1999 年 12 月颁布的《在外大陆架开采石油、天 然气和硫磺以外的矿产准则》。 daccess-ods.un.org | The implementing regulations to this Act include, inter alia, Deep Seabed Mining Regulations Affecting Pre-Enactment Explorers 1980, Deep Seabed Mining Regulations for Exploration Licenses 1980, Deep Seabed Mining Regulations for Commercial Recovery [...] Permits, Public Law 103-426, [...] An Act to authorize the Secretary of the Interior to negotiate agreements for the use of Outer Continental Shelf sand, gravel and shell resources, enacted on 31 October 1994, and Guidelines for Obtaining Minerals other than Oil, Gas and Sulphur on the Outer Continental Shelf, issued by United States Department [...]of the Interior, Minerals [...]Management Service, in December 1999. daccess-ods.un.org |
联合国共同国家方案的发展面临着一些挑战：首先 是 国内 的 政 治形势，特别是对 人权 问题 的日益关注以及政府对人权的敏感，所以很难制订由国家工作队和政府共享的共同国家 方案；其次，伊朗的捐助情况很差，很难形成信托基金资源和联合国联合计划；第三， 在 国家工作队成员在集中财务和人力资源开展联合行动方面仍然存在不情愿和技术障碍。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Several challenges were encountered in the development of United Nations [...] common country [...] programmes: firstly, the domestic political situation, especially the growing concern over human rights issues and the government’s sensitivity on human rights, have made it [...]very difficult to develop [...]a common United Nations country programme for which UNCT and the government would have shared ownership; secondly, the profile of the donor community in Iran is very low and it has been very difficult to generate FIT resources and joint United Nations programming; and, thirdly, there is still reluctance and technical barriers among UNCT members to put together financial and human resources for joint activities. unesdoc.unesco.org |
除了宪法保障的基本权利 之外，该法令进一步规定了儿童的生存和发育权；姓 名 权 ； 国 籍 权 ； 健 康和卫生 服务等权利；隐私权；父母关爱、保护和养育权；需要特别保护措施的儿童的权 利；胎儿受保护免受危害等的权利；获得父母 财 产 的 权 利 ； 社交活动权；与父母 在一起的权利；受保护免受有害的社会和风俗习惯影响的权利；受抚养的权利； 和在所有情况下获得法律援助的权利。 daccess-ods.un.org | In addition to the fundamental rights guaranteed in the Constitution, the Act further provides for the right to survival and development [...] of children; right to [...] name; right to nationality; right to health and health services, etc; right to privacy; right to parental care, protection and maintenance; right to a child in need of special protection measures; right of the unborn child to protection against harm, etc; right to parental property; right to social [...]activities; rights to social activities; contractual rights of the child; right to opinion; [...]right to education; child’s right to stay with parents; protection from harmful social and customary practices; right of child to be maintained and the right of children to legal aid in all cases. daccess-ods.un.org |
援助侧重于以下几个方面：(a)建立符合国际标 准和规范的法律和政策框架；(b)加强国内机构特别是反腐败机构和刑事司法机 [...] 关的能力，以便以综合协调的方式有效预防和控制腐败；(c)在公共和私营部 [...] 门，包括在公共资源管理方面，增强廉洁和问责制并提高透明度；(d)协助有关 政府机关进行国际合作并在国内和国 际 范 围追回 资 产 ； (e )与国际社会成员和联 合国系统成员发展战略性和主题性的合作伙伴关系，以确保技术援助提供工作 [...] 的一致性；(f)支助建立网络和平台，使会员国在区域和国际层面进行政策对话 和同侪学习。 daccess-ods.un.org | Assistance focuses on (a) establishing legal and policy frameworks consistent with international standards and norms; (b) strengthening the capacity of domestic institutions, in particular anti-corruption bodies and criminal justice institutions, to effectively prevent and control corruption in an integrated and coordinated way; (c) enhancing integrity, accountability and transparency in public and private sectors, including the management of public resources; (d) supporting relevant Government institutions in [...] international cooperation and [...] the recovery of assets at the domestic and international levels; [...](e) development of strategic [...]and thematic partnerships with members of the international community and United Nations system to ensure coherency in the delivery of technical assistance; and (f) supporting the establishment of networks and platforms for policy dialogue and peer learning among Member States at the regional and international levels. daccess-ods.un.org |
这些包括非毛利人与毛利人之间的差异， 《威坦哲条约》在国内立法 中的地位，家庭暴力，机会平等，毛利人在刑事司法 制度中比例过高，以及批准新西兰尚未成为缔 约 国 的 人 权 条 约 问题。 daccess-ods.un.org | These included the social disparities between non-Maori and Maori; [...] the status of the Treaty [...] of Waitangi in domestic legislation; family violence; equality of opportunity; overrepresentation of Maori in the criminal justice system; and ratification of human rights treaties to which [...]New Zealand was not party. daccess-ods.un.org |
三十、“管辖法院”是指一缔约国内 ， 根据 本 国 法 院 之间管 辖 权内 部 划 分规 则可以对某一争议行使管辖权的法院。 daccess-ods.un.org | Competent court” means a court in [...] a Contracting State [...] that, according to the rules on the internal allocation of jurisdiction among [...]the courts of that State, [...]may exercise jurisdiction over the dispute. daccess-ods.un.org |
一本题为“保护人权：国际与国内机 制”的书已译成亚美尼亚文和格鲁吉亚文，并作为经改编的本国版本在互联网上发表。 unesdoc.unesco.org | The book Human Rights Protection: International and Domestic Mechanisms was [...] translated into Armenian and Georgian and released [...]as an adapted country version on the Internet. unesdoc.unesco.org |
在这方面，我们主要的担 心是：若是既加强国际水 平的数据库知 识 产权 保 护，又鼓励在新的商用数据库产品和服务 方面增加投资，可能会同时大大减少发展中国家的科学家和研究员对其中所包含数据的使 用，因为他们通常缺少支付必要订费的财力。 iprcommission.org | Our central concern here, therefore, is that a [...] strengthening of IP protection for databases at the international level, whilst encouraging more investment in new commercial database products and services, [...]may at the same time [...]greatly reduce the access of scientists and researchers in developing countries to the data they contain because they will often lack the financial means to pay for the necessary subscriptions. iprcommission.org |
(g) 倘若任何董事会会议内产生任 何关于董事（除会议的主席外）或其联系人 的权益或 关于任何董事（除该主席外）的表决及被计入法定人数的权利的 问题，且此问题没有因为他自愿放弃表决或被计入法定人数内而得到解 决，此问题应提交会议主席处理，他对于该董事的裁定应属最后和最终的 裁定，除 非 以该董事所知该董事或其联系人的利益的性质和范围没有公平 地披露予董事会知道。 cr-power.com | (g) If any question arises [...] at any meeting of the Board as to the materiality of the interest of a Director (other than the chairman of the meeting) or his Associate, or as to the entitlement of any Director [...](other than such [...]chairman) to vote or be counted in the quorum and such question is not resolved by his voluntarily agreeing to abstain from voting or not to be counted in the quorum, such question shall be referred to the chairman of the meeting and his ruling in relation to such other Director shall be final and conclusive except in a case where the nature or extent of the interest of the Director or his Associate concerned as known to such Director has not been fairly disclosed to the Board. cr-power.com |
也门回 顾了以色列最 近 对 加沙地带 的 攻 击 [...] ，并指 出，以色列无 视 自 1948 [...] 年以来提出的各项建议，所以它也将无视大量的普遍定期审议建议，特别是 与结束 对被占所有巴勒斯坦和阿拉伯领土的占领、承认巴勒斯坦人民有权自 决、 有权建立 一 个 以以色列耶路撒冷为首都 的 独立的主权国家 、巴勒斯坦难 民有权回 到自己 的 家 园 、有权得到赔偿并有权收 复财产的建议，这 一 点 也不奇 怪 。 daccess-ods.un.org | Yemen recalled the recent Israeli attack against the Gaza strip and indicated that Israel has ignored recommendations since 1948 and so it is not surprising that it will ignore the largest number of UPR recommendations, specially those related to putting an end to the occupation in all occupied Palestinian and Arab territories and to recognizing the right of [...] Palestinian people to [...] self-determination, to an independent sovereign state with Jerusalem as a capital, and to the right of return of Palestinian refugees to [...]their homeland and their [...]right to compensation and restitution of their properties. daccess-ods.un.org |
诉求内容最多的是：为了实行另一项权利在行政机关或在司法机构进行诉讼程序，公共资源 的分配，预算和捐助资金，私有化，项目，投资，公共采购程序，颁发各种许可 证、尤其是施工许可证程序的合法性，保护个人自由及个人和 财 产权 利 ， 来自预 算的工资和其他收入，人员招聘和员工数量，关于医疗的文件工作，环保，动物 保护措施，起诉和司法机构的裁决，等等。 daccess-ods.un.org | The subject of applications most frequently related to: the conduct of proceedings before administrative bodies in order to accomplish another right or before judiciary bodies, the disbursement of public resources, budgetary and donor funds, privatization, projects, investments, public [...] procurement [...] procedures, the legality of procedures for issuing various permits, in particular construction permits, the protection of personal freedoms and personal and property rights, salaries and other earnings from the budget, the recruitment of personnel and the number of employees, documentation regarding medical treatment, environmental [...]protection, [...]animal protection measures, the decisions of prosecution and judiciary bodies, etc. daccess-ods.un.org |
实现这些目标将使成员国、土著和当地社区在经济上、技术上和文化上受益，而且在 符合发展议程的前提下，提高发展中 国 家 和 最不发 达 国 家 的能力，使它们能够通过利用知 识 产权来 从知识经济中受益。 wipo.int | Achieving these objectives would benefit Member States and indigenous and local communities economically, technologically and [...] culturally, and, in line with the DA, enhance [...] the capacity of developing countries and LDCs to benefit from the knowledge economy through the use of IP. wipo.int |
对此，会上指出，对权利持有人平 [...] 等待遇的担忧是不成立的，因为：(a)所讨论的规则处理的是担保权而不是权利 持有人实体权利的适用法律问题；(b)欧洲联盟成 员 国 已 经 采用这种做法，不存 在其违反《知识产权强制 执行指令》的问题；(c)在担保协议当事人（而不是知 识产权权利持有人）与现有知识产权登记处相关的期望基础上，这种做法也将 [...] [...] 是有其正当理由的；(d)《指南》已经在有形资产方面采用了这一做法（见建议 203 和 205）。 daccess-ods.un.org | In response, it was stated that the concern about equal treatment of right holders was not valid, since: (a) the rule under discussion addressed the issue of the law applicable to security rights and not the substantive rights of [...] right holders; (b) [...] European Union Member States already followed that approach and there was no issue of them being in violation of the [...]IPR Enforcement Directive; [...](c) such an approach would be justified on the basis of expectations of the parties to security agreements (not intellectual property right holders) associated with existing intellectual property registries; and (d) the Guide already followed that approach with respect to tangible assets (see recommendations 203 and 205). daccess-ods.un.org |
挂图中的数据包括农村地区的农村人口规模和增长速度、农业人口规模、 农业区和农田、森林面积、灌溉面积、获得改善供水和卫生的情况、农业中经济 [...] 活跃人口和化肥的使用；以及城市地区的城市人口规模和增长率、人类住区占据 的土地面积、生活在贫民窟中的城市人口、获得改善供水和卫生的情况、二氧化 [...] 碳的排放量、空气中颗粒物的密度、产业和服务业中的就业 、 国内 生 产 总 值 、使 用中的机动车辆和能源消耗。 daccess-ods.un.org | The data contained in the wallcharts include, for the rural areas, size and rate of growth of the rural population, size of the agricultural population, agricultural area and cropland, forest area, irrigated areas, access to improved water and sanitation, economically active population in agriculture and fertilizer use; and for the urban areas, size and rate of growth of the urban population, land area occupied by human settlements, urban population living in slums, access to improved water and sanitation, carbon dioxide emissions, concentrations of particulate matter [...] in the air, employment in industry [...] and services, gross domestic product, motor vehicles [...]in use and consumption of energy. daccess-ods.un.org |
召开了一系列跨部门会议，确定了进一步建设为用 [...] 户着想的互联网门户网站的方法和行动，网站的开放对象是在教科文组织 职 权 范 围 内产 生和 使用知识的社区。 unesdoc.unesco.org | A series of intersectoral meetings was held to define the methods and actions needed to [...] implement further a user-oriented web portal open to the communities that [...] create/use knowledge in UNESCO’s areas of mandate. unesdoc.unesco.org |
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