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External sources (not reviewed)

It was suggested, however, that the notion of “mistaken grounds”, which was not really legal terminology, be clarified by stating that the grounds in question were either attributable to an error of fact or of law, or were baseless.

The Special Rapporteur also alluded to a related aspect concerning the relationship between a State’s assertion that its official had immunity and the responsibility of that State for an internationally wrongful act in respect of the conduct which gave rise to invocation of immunity of the official, underscoring that irrespective of the waiver of immunity with regard to its official, the State of the official was not exempt from international legal responsibility for acts attributed to it in respect of any conduct that may have given rise to questions of immunity.

The new policy would focus on police control and greater control in prisons; addressing impunity for crimes committed by State agents; recovering public trust in the national police force; and the restructuring of the force, in accordance with the spirit of the peace accords.

Thus, when an enforced disappearance began before the entry into force of an instrument or before the specific State accepted the jurisdiction of the competent body, the fact that the disappearance continues after the entry into force or the acceptance of the jurisdiction gives the institution the competence and jurisdiction to consider the act of enforced disappearance as a whole, and not only acts or omissions imputable to the State that followed the entry into force of the relevant legal instrument or the acceptance of the jurisdiction.

In other words, as stated by IMF (see A/CN.4/556/sect.II.N), the identification of a certain objective by an international organization, which the member country decides to achieve by breaching its international obligations, can neither result in a breach of such obligations by the organization, nor in attribution toits responsibility.

The report also details 14 similar cases attributed to CPN (M).

(2) Where liability for any offence may be incurred without knowledge on the part of the person committing it of any particular fact or circumstance necessary for the commission of the offence, a person shall nevertheless not be guilty of conspiracy to commit that offence by virtue of subsection (1) above unless he and at least one other party to the agreement intend or know that that fact or circumstance shall or will exist at the time when the conduct constituting the offence is to take place.

Financial and material poverty, or conditions directly and uniquely imputable to such poverty, should never be the only justification for the removal of a child from parental care, for receiving a child into alternative care, or for preventing his/her reintegration, but should be seen as a signal for the need to provide appropriate support to the family.

It will be observed that many of the writers rejected in the Gelasian list lived and died in Catholic communion, but incorrectness in some part of their writings, eg the Semipelagian error attributed to Cassian and Faustus, the chiliasm of the conclusion of Victorinus'scommentary on the Apocalypse (St. Jerome issued an expurgated edition, the only one in print as yet), the unsoundness of the lost "Hypotyposes" of Clement, and so forth, prevented such writers from being spoken of, as Hilary was by Jerome, "inoffenso pede percurritur".

Many delegations attributed the failure of the Brussels Programme of Action to meet its high expectations to a lack of adequate financing for the broad agenda mandated by the agenda and asserted that financial support by all stakeholders for the Istanbul Programme of Action must be increased.

The increase in the number of security incidents in the north of the country has been attributed to a rebel group unknown until now, called the Convergence des patriots centrafricains pour la Justice et la Paix (CPJP), and Abdoulaye Miskine’s rebel group, the Front démocratique du peuple centrafricain.

[...] group of traitors “blame”theDemocratic [...][...]

These shortcomings were attributed to a variety of factors, including unfulfilled commitments on the part of least developed countries and their development partners, inadequate financial resources, particularly when set against the broad ambitions of the Brussels Programme of Action, and the limited human and institutional capacity in the least developed countries.

However, the behaviour of some lawyers, intermediaries and defendant insurers had played a part in the problems encountered.

Indeed, the cure seems likely to be worse than the disease insofar as it seeks to make accountable for their actions officials who normally either defer decisions that might cause them problems or take reprisals against colleagues who make an effort to carry out their duties and responsibilities professionally or who report irregularities, for example, by marginalizing them or even removing them by abolishing their posts, as the ADG who has just resigned recently did at the expense of a colleague who was then the Chief of the Administration and Finance Unit of the Education Sector (Chief, AO/ED).

The Committee is concerned that, in spite of the adoption of a mining code in 2002 and a mining plan in 2004, as well as the current review of all mining contracts, the illegal exploitation and mismanagement of the natural resources of the State party continue with the involvement of foreign companies.

Noise is the most frequent cause of illness; there are some isolated cases where previous exposure to asbestos has caused occupational diseases.

Although much of the inequality in Latin America can be traced to the labour market, partly explained by wide variations in productivity between sectors, the other important cause is that labour and social institutions cover only part of the workforce.

For instance, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo the civil war has resulted in 4 million deaths that can be attributed to malnutrition and disease.

The choice of terminology to report deaths on the Palestinian side as “lost their lives” and for the Israeli side as “were killed” may imply to the reader that the loss of life of the 1,300 Palestinians was simply a result of their own doing without attributing these deaths to a specific action such as killing or military aggression or violence, while it is clearly implied that those on the Israeli side were killed intentionally by the Palestinian side.

(a) The dysfunctioning of the justice system fosters impunity and interference within the military justice by military command and State authorities.

Article 14, paragraph 6, states as follows: “When a person has by a final decision been convicted of a criminal offence and when subsequently his conviction has been reversed or he has been pardoned on the ground that a new or newly discovered fact shows conclusively that there has been a miscarriage of justice, the person who has suffered punishment as a result of such conviction shall be compensated according to law, unless it is proved that the non-disclosure of the unknown fact in time is wholly or partly attributable to him.

On the other hand, any allegations concerning actions attributable to the defence or security forces that can be proved to have taken place in any other context are subject to investigation by the appropriate courts.

With the majority of human rights violations committed against indigenous peoples in the region being attributed to the extensive presence of security forces, and considering the military’s influence on civil administration and development activities in the area, this provision is seen as crucial for re-establishing normalcy in the Chittagong Hill Tracts.

UNIDO partially attributed the increased consumption to the significant improvement made in registering and reporting ODS imports through the implementation of the NPP, and to an increased demand in the building insulation applications driven by Government policies on energy efficiency in buildings.

The problem is that many people are not consuming enough of that food. They are prevented from doing so by many factors, including poverty, disasters, conflict and war, poor access to resources, lack of employment opportunities, lack of education, and underinvestment in agriculture, as well as instability in the world’s food and financial systems.

These disputes are attributable to many factors: scarcity of the land which holds the key to survival for the vast majority of Burundians; poor security of land rights under the current land certification system, which applies only to a small amount of land, located essentially in urban areas; successive conflicts since the early 1970s and their accompanying cohorts of refugees and internally displaced persons, for whom the issue of access to land (for housing and farming) arises upon their reintegration.