| 单词 | 卫生防疫 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 卫生防疫 —epidemic-preventionSee also:防疫—disease prevention • protection against epidemic 防疫 pl—vaccinations pl 防卫 n—defenceBE n • weir n 防卫 pl—defenses pl
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在村一级，设立了村卫生委员会，负责领导本村 的 卫生防疫活 动。 daccess-ods.un.org | At the village level, village health committees have been established to lead the village [...] activities on hygiene and disease prevention. daccess-ods.un.org |
工厂设施还需经过下面几个部门的审查：消 防、劳动和卫生防疫部门。 paiz.gov.pl | Factory facilities need approval by the following units: [...] fire, employment and sanitary office. paiz.gov.pl |
在原材料和动物来源产品卫生防疫和 动物疫病防治系统升级的背景下，关 于卫生防疫-动物疫病防治活动的第 221-XVI 号法律(2007 年 10 月 19 日生效)符 合相关欧洲标准，同时规定在农业和食品工业部下 设 卫生防疫 - 动 物 疫病防治与 食品安全司，负责强化和实施动物来源食品安全方面的政策和战略。 daccess-ods.un.org | In the context of [...] upgrading the system of sanitary and veterinary control of the raw material and animal origin products, the Law No. 221-XVI from 19.10.2007 on sanitaryveterinary activity was adopted which is harmonised to the EU Directives in the field and which provides for the creation of the Sanitary-Veterinary and Food Security [...]Agency, created [...]within the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry, which will be responsible for the promotion of policies and implementation of strategies in the field of animal origin food security. daccess-ods.un.org |
虽然防治霍乱的工作在继续，但重点必 须是为民众提供清洁饮用水和更好的 卫生 条 件， 以防 疫情屡发。 daccess-ods.un.org | While efforts to fight cholera continue, there is a need to focus on [...] providing clean drinking [...] water and better sanitation conditions to the population so as to avoid regular recurrences of the epidemic. daccess-ods.un.org |
监狱图书馆向外国犯人提供外文书，此外还有新书，而且所有犯人均注射 肝炎防疫针，卫生 部 为此总共开支 47,000 第纳尔。 daccess-ods.un.org | Prison libraries were supplied with foreign language titles for foreign prisoners, in [...] addition to new books, and [...] all prisoners were vaccinated against hepatitis at a total cost to the Ministry of Health of JD 47,000. daccess-ods.un.org |
它指出，加沙儿童面临着各种流行病，据世 界 卫生 组 织 称，被困的 巴勒斯坦儿童由 1 于没有接受防疫而面临着威胁。 daccess-ods.un.org | It indicated that children in Gaza are facing health epidemics and that according to [...] the World Health Organization trapped Palestinian children are at risk due to the lack of vaccination. daccess-ods.un.org |
a) 和平或战争时代的敌对或战争行为，包括阻击、抗击或防卫实际、迫近或预期的攻击； b) 和平或战争时代使用原子裂变或放射性武力的战争武器； c) 暴动、叛乱、革命、内战、篡夺权力，或者政府当局为阻击、抗击 或 防卫 这 类 事情 发 生 所 采 取的行动， 检 疫 或 海关条例规定的查封或毁灭， 政府或公共当局命令的查封或没收，禁运或非法运输或贸易的风险； d) 在重新占有或者交还保险车辆之后发生；或者 e) 在美国或加拿大境外发生。 iasdirect.com | Any loss resulting from total loss to the covered vehicle caused by or resulting from any of the following causes are specifically excluded: a) hostile or warlike action in time of peace or war, including action in hindering, combating, or defending against actual, impending or expected attack; b) any weapon of [...] war employing atomic [...] fission or radioactive force, whether in time of peace or war; c) insurrection, rebellion, revolution, civil war, usurped power, or action taken by governmental authority in hindering, combating or defending against such occurrence, seizure or destruction [...]under quarantine [...]or customs regulations, seizure or confiscation by order of any government or public authority, risks of contraband or illegal transportation or trade; d) occurring after covered vehicle has been repossessed or placed in repossession; or e) occurring outside of the United States or Canada. iasdirect.com |
会议还规定，初级保健的核心内容 是：健康教育；环境卫生，特 别是食物和水；产妇和儿童保健方案，包括接 种疫 苗和计划生育；预防流行 病，适当医治常见病和伤害；提供基本药品；宣传合理 的营养；以及中医药。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Conference also specified the core components of primary health [...] care as health [...] education; environmental sanitation, especially food and water; maternal and child health programmes, including immunization and family planning; prevention of endemic diseases, [...]appropriate treatment [...]of common diseases and injuries; provision of essential drugs; promotion of sound nutrition; and traditional medicine. daccess-ods.un.org |
免疫卫生政策围绕着防治大流行病和其他大规模疾病来开展。主要涉及疟 疾、艾滋病、结核病、心血管疾病、眼疾和癌症。 daccess-ods.un.org | Preventive care policy focuses on combating [...] pandemics and other major widespread diseases, such as malaria, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, [...]cardiovascular diseases, eye diseases and cancers86 . daccess-ods.un.org |
尼泊尔代表团要求秘书处帮助最不发达国家和内陆国家：开展关 于主要出口和进口产品的分析；采用单一窗口和开展无纸化贸易，并 推动关于执行贸易和过境便利化措施的公私营部门的对话；提供一个 [...] 讨论共同关切问题的平台，尤其将重点放在最不发达和内陆国家；促 [...] 进农业和林业产品的价值链，包括诸如“一个村庄一个产品”方案那 样的举措，以及就有机食品认证和动植 物 卫生 检 疫 标 准 领域，传播相 关信息和提供能力建设援助；加入《亚太贸易协定》；以及在总体上 [...] 援助制订适当的贸易和投资政策的努力。 daccess-ods.un.org | The delegation of Nepal requested that the secretariat help least developed and landlocked countries to conduct analyses on key export and import products; introduce single windows and paperless trade and the promotion of public-private sector dialogue on the implementation of trade and transit facilitation measures; provide a platform to discuss issues of common concern, paying particular attention to least developed and landlocked countries; promote value chains for agricultural and forestry products, including under initiatives such as “one village one product” programmes; and disseminate information and provide capacity-building [...] assistance on the certification of [...] organic foods and sanitary and phytosanitary standards, accession [...]to APTA and overall assistance [...]in the formulation of appropriate trade and investment policies. daccess-ods.un.org |
同样有关的 [...] 还有《消除对妇女一切形式歧视公约》第12条，涉及缔约国消除保健方面对妇 女歧视的义务；《残疾人权利公约》第25(b)条规定，医 疗 卫生 应 “ 提供旨在尽量 减轻残疾和预防残疾 恶化的服务，包括向儿童和老年人提供这些服务”；《公民及 [...]政治权利国际公约》第 7条禁止酷刑或残忍、不人道或有辱人格的待遇或处罚， [...] 其中包括禁止未经自由同意进行医疗或科学试验。 daccess-ods.un.org | Equally relevant are the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, article 12, concerning the obligation of States to eliminate discrimination against women in health care; the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, [...] article 25 (b), which [...] requires that health services be “designed to minimize and prevent further disabilities, [...]including among [...]children and older persons”; and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, article 7, which prohibits torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment and includes the prohibition of medical or scientific experimentation without free consent. daccess-ods.un.org |
全面的初级卫生保健办法可提供实现这些目标的灵活框 架，要做到全面，初级卫生保健 必须将基于个人和基于人群的治疗结合起来，将 临床治疗流行病的办法与防疫和宣传保健融合起来。 daccess-ods.un.org | To be comprehensive, primary health care [...] must integrate individual and population-based care, blending the clinical approach with epidemiology, preventive medicine and health promotion. daccess-ods.un.org |
观察员重点介绍了有关透明度、对《 卫生 及 植物 检 疫 措 施 协定》 实施情况的审查和技术援助方面的问题。 codexalimentarius.org | The Observer highlighted the areas related to transparency, the review of the implementation of the SPS Agreement and technical assistance. codexalimentarius.org |
应当重视提高该地区各国在以下方面 的能力：确保可持续安全饮用水的供应，城市水资源的开发和管理战略，以及与城市及其周 边排水和卫生相关 的问题，恢复恶化了的水生态系统，对正在消失的水资源进行研究、 预防 和解 决与水资源问题有关的冲突问题，建立分地区水观察站、研究某些生态系统、尤其红树 林系统的可持续性，以及利用当地知识来保护环境。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Emphasis should be placed on enhancing the capabilities of countries of the region to secure sustainable and safe drinking water supplies, urban water development and management strategies as well as issues [...] related to urban and [...] peri-urban drainage and sanitation, the rehabilitation of degraded water ecosystems, research on disappearing water resources, aspects of conflict prevention and resolution [...]in relation to water [...]issues, the creation of subregional water observatories, research in the sustainability of certain ecosystems and in particular of mangrove systems, as well as drawing on local knowledge for the protection of the environment. unesdoc.unesco.org |
虽然世贸组织部分 成员强调了私立标准对质量和高质量市场准入的积极效应，但其他许多成员表达了下列 关注：在进口环节采用私立标准造成事实上的贸易壁垒，尤其对发展中国家制造了难度； 遵守这些标准要求私立机构的多重认证，对小规模生产者成本不菲；在很多情况下私立 标准比政府标准和食典标准更具限制性和规约性且往往并没有法律依据；私立标准的制 定过程缺乏透明度和包容性；在某些情况下，这些标准不符合 《 卫生 及 植物 检 疫 措 施协 定》的要求。 codexalimentarius.org | While some WTO members had underlined the positive aspects of private standards on quality and access to high quality markets, many other members had expressed the following concerns: the application of private standards at the import stage resulted in de facto barriers to trade, and created difficulties especially for developing countries; complying with these standards required multiple certification by private bodies, with a high cost for small producers; in many cases private standards were more restrictive and prescriptive than government standards and Codex standards and often had no scientific basis; the process by which private standards were set lacked transparency and inclusiveness; and in some cases such standards did not meet the requirements of the SPS Agreement. codexalimentarius.org |
世贸组织的代表指出，对使用或不使用国际标准的监测， 是 卫生 和 植物 检 疫 措施委员会的主要议题之一，并忆及斯里兰卡对肉桂二氧化硫的食典最高含量需要表示关 注，因为它对肉桂出口产生影响； 卫生 和 植物 检 疫 措 施 委员会主席曾写信给食品法典 委员会主席提请他注意这一事项。 codexalimentarius.org | The Representative of WTO pointed [...] out that the monitoring [...] of the use or non-use of international standards was one of the main agenda items in the SPS Committee and recalled that Sri Lanka had raised its concern regarding the need for a Codex maximum level for sulphur dioxide in cinnamon, due to its implications for export of [...]cinnamon, and that the [...]Chair of the SPS Committee had written to the Chair of the Codex Alimentarius Commission to draw his attention to this matter. codexalimentarius.org |
世界动物卫生组织的观察员提请食典委注意世界动物卫生组织最近通过了关于抗 菌剂耐药性的标准，并建议交叉参考这项标准，开展互补工作，以避免世贸组 织 卫生 和植物检疫措施 协定中提及的相关组织所制定的标准之间出现重复和冲突。 codexalimentarius.org | The Observer from OIE drew the attention of the Commission to the fact that OIE had recently adopted a standard on antimicrobial resistance and proposed to cross reference this standard and work in complementary way in order to avoid duplication and conflict between the standards developed by the relevant organisations referenced under the WTO SPS Agreement. codexalimentarius.org |
食典委注意到，该系统能够更简便地 对有关世贸组织卫生及植物检疫的文 献进行索引和管理，同时也更易于粮农组织的食品 安全、动物和植物卫生国际门户网站获取世贸组织的信息。 codexalimentarius.org | The Commission noted that the system allowed for easier tracking and management of WTO SPS related documentation and that it also made it easier for the FAO's International Portal on Food Safety, Animal and Plant Health (IPFSAPH) to access WTO information. codexalimentarius.org |
在塞 内加尔，在传病媒介控制行动和防疫 运 动 的支助下利 用 卫 星 数 据监测出现动物 疾病的风险，将促成最终建立裂谷热预警系统（见 [...] A/AC.105/915，第 24-34 段）。 daccess-ods.un.org | In Senegal, the use of satellite data for monitoring the risk of the emergence of [...] zoonotic diseases, supported by [...] vector control actions and vaccination campaigns, will lead to [...]the eventual development of an [...]early warning system for Rift Valley fever (see A/AC.105/915, paras. 24-34). daccess-ods.un.org |
智利代表认为，在取消《接受程序》之后，需要监测食典标准在国家一级的使 用，并指出卫生和植物检疫措施协定框架内的通知仅适用于未与国际标准协调的那些 标准。 codexalimentarius.org | The Delegation of Chile expressed the view that, following the abolition of the Acceptance Procedure, there was a need to monitor the use of Codex standards at the national level, and noted that notification in the framework of the SPS Agreement applied only to those standards that were not harmonised with international standards. codexalimentarius.org |
发言者还提到，贸易 [...] 援助计划有助于改善莱索托的生产与营销系统，以便提高该国的能力，达到满足 卫生和植物检疫要求 以及与羊毛和马海毛出口有关的其他私人和公共标准。 daccess-ods.un.org | It was suggested that Aid for Trade could be instrumental in [...] improving Lesotho’s production and marketing systems [...]in order to enhance the country’s [...]ability to meet SPS and other private and public standards related to wool and mohair exports. daccess-ods.un.org |
统的影响”、“毒理机制和方法”(2008 [...] 年)；“产后甲醛暴露对老鼠海马状突起和 大脑半球的锥体细胞数量、细胞层体积的影响：一个体视学研究”(2007 年)；“褪 黑激素可防止甲醛诱导的老鼠前额皮层神经毒害： 免 疫 组 织 化学 和 生 物 化 学研 究”(2007 年)；“咖啡酸苯乙酯对防止老鼠因吸入香烟烟雾造成肝损伤的保护作 用”(2007 年)；“W-3 必需脂肪酸对防止甲醛诱导老鼠前额皮层神经元损伤的保 护作用”(2007 [...] 年)；“W-3 脂肪酸在老鼠脑缺血再灌注模型中的保护作用”(2007 年)。 daccess-ods.un.org | (2008); “Effects of post-natal formaldehyde exposure on pyramidal cell number, volume of cell layer in hippocampus and hemisphere in the rat: a [...] stereological study” [...] (2007); “Melatonin prevents formaldehyde-induced neurotoxicity in prefrontal cortex of rats: an immunohistochemical and biochemical study” (2007); “The protective effects of caffeic [...]acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) [...]against liver damage induced by cigarette smoke inhalation in rats” (2007); “Protective effects of W-3 essential fatty acids against formaldehyde-induced neuronal damage in prefrontal cortex of rats” (2007); “Protective effects of W-3 fatty acids in a rat focal cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion model” (2007). daccess-ods.un.org |
1990 年，加拿大设立了生物和化学防卫审 查委员会，负责每年审查国防部在 生物和化学防卫方面开展的研究、开发及培训活动，以确保这些活动属防卫性质， 以不威胁公共安全或环境的专业方式进行。 daccess-ods.un.org | In 1990 Canada [...] established the Biological and Chemical Defence Review Committee, which is mandated to review annually the research, development and training activities in biological and chemical defence undertaken by the Department of National Defence to ensure that [...]these activities are [...]defensive in nature and conducted in a professional manner with no threat to public safety or the environment. daccess-ods.un.org |
此外，食典委获知，2007 年 6 月启动了新的卫生及植物检疫信息 管理系统 （www.spsims.wto.org），该系统提供的信息包 括 卫生 及 植物 检 疫 措 施 的通知、传阅的文 件、贸易关注以及各成员的咨询点和通知部门等。 codexalimentarius.org | In addition, the Commission was informed that in June 2007 a new SPS Information Management System was launched (www.spsims.wto.org) providing information on, among others, SPS notifications, documents circulated, trade concerns and enquiry points and notification authorities of members. codexalimentarius.org |
贸 发会议根据《阿克拉协议》，继续加大努力处理发展中国家面临的市场准入方面 的问题，重点关注卫生与植物检疫措 施 以及遵守食品安全标准和质量要求，包括 遵守各种关于食品的法律和规章等问题。 daccess-ods.un.org | Pursuant to the Accra Accord, UNCTAD continues to strengthen its work on market-access [...] problems facing developing [...] countries, focusing on sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures [...]and on compliance with food safety [...]standards and quality requirements, including divergent food laws and regulations. daccess-ods.un.org |
国际标准使用情况监测：世贸组织若干成员介绍了有 关 卫生 和 植物 检 疫 措 施及国 际标准、准则和建议的一份联合呈文，对越来越多 的 卫生 和 植物 检 疫 措 施 未依照国际标 准、准则和建议或在缺乏科学依据的情况下被制定表示关切。 codexalimentarius.org | Monitoring the use of international standards: several WTO [...] members presented a joint [...] submission on SPS measures and international standards, guidelines and recommendations, raising concerns with the increase in the number of SPS measures that [...]were not based on international [...]standards, guidelines and recommendations or that had inadequate scientific justification. codexalimentarius.org |
通过技术合作， 许多国家得到了制订国家食物安全法律以 及 卫生 和 植物 检 疫 法 律 与监管框架援 助，还得到了加强地方现代化食物安全风险管理体系的帮助。 daccess-ods.un.org | Through technical cooperation, numerous countries have received assistance [...] with the development of national [...] food safety laws, sanitary and phytosanitary legal and [...]regulatory frameworks, and support [...]for the strengthening of a local, modern, risk-based management system of food safety. daccess-ods.un.org |
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