| 单词 | 南沙群岛 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 南沙群岛 —Spratly islands, disputed between China, Malaysia, the |
这包括同日本合作来训练和装备菲律宾海岸护卫队， 韩国为菲律宾军队现代化提供援助，以及澳大利亚为菲 律宾在南沙群岛声索 主权提供外交支持。 crisisgroup.org | This includes cooperation with Japan to train and equip the [...] Philippine coast guard, [...] assistance from South Korea to modernise its military, and diplomatic backing from Australia on its territorial claims in the Spratlys. crisisgroup.org |
1988 年，解放军海军同越南海军在 南沙群岛 发 生 赤瓜礁 前哨战，双方均损失惨重。 crisisgroup.org | In 1988, the PLAN clashed with its Vietnamese counterpart in [...] the Johnson South Reef Skirmish in the Spratlys with both [...]navies sustaining heavy casualties. crisisgroup.org |
中国政府在回复中重申中国对南沙群岛 及附近水域拥有不可争辩的主权。 crisisgroup.org | Beijing replied by reiterating that China has indisputable [...] sovereignty over the Spratlys and the adjacent waters. crisisgroup.org |
与照会一同呈交的还有一份地图，地图上含九段 线，将包括西沙和南沙群岛在内 的大部分南海圈定 在内。 crisisgroup.org | Although regional dynamics are a major factor in [...] Chinese policy on the South China Sea, this report [...]does not include discussion of these issues as they will be the subject of a separate paper. crisisgroup.org |
这一范围包括北到鸭绿江江口，东至冲绳岛，南抵曾 母暗沙的整个海域，同时包括的地标性岛屿有苏岩礁、 钓鱼群岛、黄岩群岛和南沙群岛。 crisisgroup.org | This could potentially include the entire nine-dashed line region, thus causing further confusion and anxiety among the other claimants. crisisgroup.org |
美国国务院，《美国对南沙群岛及南海 的政策》，每日新闻发布会，1995 年 5 月 10 日。 crisisgroup.org | U.S. Department of State, [...] “U.S. Policy on Spratly Islands and South China Sea”, Daily [...]Press Briefings, 10 May 1995. crisisgroup.org |
赋予南沙群岛中每 个岛屿 200 海里的专属经济区不太 可行，因为这将与其它国家的区域发生重叠。 crisisgroup.org | It would also be impossible to award the full 200 nm EEZ [...] to each of the Spratly Islands since [...]this would overlap with other nations’ zones. crisisgroup.org |
自 2009 年以来，中国渔政指挥中心下属的南海区渔政 局已经向南沙群岛附近 西南方向的捕鱼区派遣了 10 艘巡 逻舰保卫中国渔船。 crisisgroup.org | Since 2009, the South Sea Region Fisheries Administration under the China Fisheries Law Enforcement Command has sent more [...] than ten fisheries [...] patrol boats into the south west fishing area near Spratly Islands to safeguard Chinese [...]fishing boats. crisisgroup.org |
如果中国的意图是将南沙群岛周 边 海域划为全权专属经济区(EEZs)，那么它将与菲 律宾、文莱、马来西亚和越南所声索的专属经济区 [...] 大幅重叠，因而可能产生深远后果。 crisisgroup.org | The former’s [...] claim to the Spratly Islands may have far-reaching [...]consequences if it intends to claim full exclusive economic [...]zones (hereafter EEZs) around those islands, which would then overlap significantly with the EEZs claimed by the Philippines, Brunei, Malaysia and Vietnam. crisisgroup.org |
中国渔船自 1994 年起开始在南沙群岛周围 巡逻，但仅 在最近几年才有足够的大型船只进行全天候巡逻。 crisisgroup.org | Fisheries vessels started annual [...] patrols around Spratly Islands from 1994, but there [...]were not enough large vessels to conduct [...]all-weather patrol until recent years. crisisgroup.org |
虽然 毗临各国海岸线的海域并非这一争端的焦点，但各 国在南沙群岛和西 沙群岛等远离海岸地区和数个珊 瑚礁和海域所声索的范围大幅重叠。 crisisgroup.org | While the areas along the coastlines of these countries are not the focus of this dispute, the various claims overlap significantly further off shore in areas such as the Spratly and Paracel Islands, and in a number of coral reefs and maritime zones.1 In addition to a desire to protect [...] sovereign territorial integrity, much of [...] the attention on the South China Sea stems from the [...]region’s abundant natural resources [...]and strategic location.2 The sea accounts for approximately 10 per cent of the annual global fisheries catch, making it extremely important to the fishing industries of nearby countries.3 The region as a whole is also rich in both oil and natural gas, which has led to speculation that the disputed territories could crisisgroup.org |
3 月 24 [...] 日，外交部发言人姜瑜就菲律宾的抗议做出答 复，她宣称：“中国对南沙群岛及其 附近海域拥有无可争 辩的主权。 crisisgroup.org | On 24 March, the foreign ministry spokesperson, Jiang Yu, responded to [...] Philippines’ protests by declaring, “China owns indisputable [...] sovereignty over the Nansha Islands and their adjacent waters. crisisgroup.org |
15 在 2012 年 2 月 29 日的声明中，外交部发言人洪磊也区别对待 “ 南沙 群岛岛屿 和海礁领土主权的争端”和就海域划分的 争端，暗示中国的声索目标主要为岛屿地标及周遭 领海、经济专属区和大陆架。 crisisgroup.org | While China has some justification for these historical claims, it ratified the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) in 1996, which compels states to surrender the majority of their historical maritime claims in favour of the maritime zones awarded under the convention. crisisgroup.org |
中国在南海问题（尤其是南沙群岛） 上的立场的一 个关键组成部分是“搁置争议，共同开发”。 crisisgroup.org | ment as well as resolving other internal social and political problems. crisisgroup.org |
自上个世纪 80 [...] 年代起，在各省的教科书 中就有章节介绍中国“美丽的 南沙群岛 ”。 crisisgroup.org | Chen Aizhu, “China’s CNOOC to sink [...] first deepsea well in Deccember/Jananuary”, Reuters, 6 December 2011. crisisgroup.org |
由于南沙群岛的海岸线总长度非常短，而且许多岛屿在 地理上接近菲律宾、越南和其它国家，即使中国对这些 [...] 岛屿建立了主权，东南亚声索国要求将大部分重叠海域 划归本国专属经济区的提法也会很有说服力。 crisisgroup.org | Since the [...] coastlines of the Spratly Islands are very short [...]in overall length, and since many of the islands are geographically [...]closer to the Philippines, Vietnam and other countries, even if China established its sovereignty over the islands, the South East Asian Page 17 crisisgroup.org |
其它东南亚国家之间的边界争端包括柬埔寨和越南 （Dak Jerman/Dak Duyt，Dak Dang/Dak Huyt，德浪河谷 地区和 Baie 岛屿/Koh Ta Kiev， Milieu/Koh Thmey ， Eau/Koh Ses，Pic/Koh Thonsáy 及 北部的 Pirates / Koh Po）；缅甸和泰国（Doi Lang，三塔山口）；印度尼西 亚和马来西亚（Karang Unarang ，利吉丹和西巴丹， [...] Ambalat）；印度尼西亚和东帝汶（Citrana Bijael Sunaen ，Memo 和 Pulau Batek / Fatu [...] Sinai）；马来西亚和菲律 宾（沙巴/北婆罗洲）；菲律宾和越南（马格斯菲特海 岸）；及越南，菲律宾，马来西亚和文莱 （ 南沙群岛 ）。 crisisgroup.org | Additional border disputes between South East Asian nations include Cambodia and Vietnam (Dak Jerman/Dak Duyt, Dak Dang/Dak Huyt, the La Drang area and the islands of Baie/Koh Ta Kiev, Milieu/Koh Thmey, Eau/Koh Ses, Pic/Koh Thonsáy and the Northern Pirates/Koh Po); Myanmar and Thailand (Doi Lang, Three Pagodas Pass); Indonesia and Malaysia (Karang Unarang, Ligitan and Sipadan, Ambalat); Indonesia and TimorLeste (Citrana, Bijael Sunaen, Memo and Pulau Batek/Fatu Sinai); Malaysia and the Philippines [...] (Sabah/North Borneo); Philippines and Vietnam (Macclesfield Bank); [...] and Vietnam, Philippines, Malaysia and Brunei (Spratly Islands). crisisgroup.org |
HS.TS.VN 的标志，3 者分别代表西沙群岛、南沙群岛和越 南以及组织农民抗议腐败的行动完全属于《公约》第十二、第十九和第二十二条 [...] 所分别保障的权利的范围。 daccess-ods.un.org | VN logo, which stands [...] for Hoang Sa, Truong Sa, Viet Nam; and organizing farmers [...]to protest against corruption fall squarely [...]within the scope of the rights guaranteed by articles 12, 19 and 22 of the Covenant, respectively. daccess-ods.un.org |
有关引发中国 和越南之间外交危机的西沙群岛高端旅游项目，见第 IV 章 C 节，“地方经济利益”。 crisisgroup.org | For the high-end [...] tourism projects on the Paracel Islands that caused a diplomatic crisis [...]between China and Vietnam, see Section IV. crisisgroup.org |
南海舰队总部在广东，其管辖地区为海南省西南部的 南澳岛，包括西沙和东沙群岛。 crisisgroup.org | Headquartered in Guangdong, the South [...] Sea Fleet geographically covers the region south west of [...] Hainan’s Nan Ao Island, including Paracel and Spratly Islands. crisisgroup.org |
1974 年，中国侵入西沙群岛时，中国和南 越 爆 发了战 斗。 crisisgroup.org | In 1974, fighting erupted [...] between the Chinese and South Vietnamese navies when China invaded the western Paracels. crisisgroup.org |
2009 年，海南省说服国家旅游局共同提 交另一份发展“海南国际 岛”的申请，其范围包括 西沙群岛。 crisisgroup.org | In 2009, it persuaded the National Tourism [...] Administration to jointly submit another proposal [...] to develop a “Hainan international tourism island”, including the Paracels. crisisgroup.org |
海南省 政府得以推动发展南沙和西沙群岛的 旅 游计划，并 鼓励渔民在有争议海域捕鱼。 crisisgroup.org | In an online discussion with Chinese internet users on 6 January 2012, Yu Xianliang, deputy head of the department of boundary and ocean affairs said that it was unrealistic to expect the nine-dashed line to accord with the UNCLOS as the former came into existence 35 years before the latter’s promulgation in 1982. crisisgroup.org |
海南省认为海南岛内的旅游资 源已不能满足旅游业的增长需求，并在 1994 年向 中央政府提交申请在西沙群岛开发 高端旅游项目。 crisisgroup.org | Believing that the limited tourism [...] resources of Hainan Island were no longer sufficient to meet the growing demand for tourism, the province submitted a proposal to the central government in 1994 to develop high-end tourism on the Paracel Islands. crisisgroup.org |
哈马、巴林、孟加拉国、巴巴多斯、白俄罗斯、 文莱达鲁萨兰国、布基纳法索、乍得、中国、 科摩罗、刚果、古巴、朝鲜民主主义人民共和 国、吉布提、多米尼克、埃及、加蓬、冈比亚、 印度尼西亚、伊朗伊斯兰共和国、伊拉克、约 [...] 旦、科威特、黎巴嫩、利比里亚、阿拉伯利比 [...] 亚民众国、马来西亚、马尔代夫、马里、毛里 塔尼亚、摩洛哥、尼加拉瓜、尼日尔、尼日利 亚、阿曼、巴基斯坦、卡塔尔、沙特 阿 拉伯、 塞内加尔、塞拉利昂、新加坡、所罗 门 群岛、 南非、 苏丹、斯威士兰、阿拉伯叙利亚共和国、 塔吉克斯坦、泰国、突尼斯、土耳其、乌干达、 [...] 阿拉伯联合酋长国、委内瑞拉玻利瓦尔共和国、 [...]越南、也门、赞比亚、津巴布韦。 daccess-ods.un.org | Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Brunei Darussalam, Burkina Faso, Chad, China, Comoros, Congo, Cuba, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Djibouti, Dominica, Egypt, Gabon, Gambia, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Liberia, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Nicaragua, [...] Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi [...] Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Syrian Arab Republic, Tajikistan, [...]Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe. daccess-ods.un.org |
在本届会议上，社会科学及人文科学委员会和自然科学委员会审议了 35 C/COM SC/DR.1 号文件所建议的决议（提案国：奥地利、比利时、玻利维亚多民族国、布基纳法 索、刚果、朝鲜民主主义人民共和国、丹麦、吉布提、多米尼加共和国、芬兰、冰岛、利比 亚、立陶宛、卢森堡、马达加斯加、新西兰、荷兰、挪威、帕劳、巴布亚新几内亚、波兰、 [...] 葡萄牙、萨摩亚、塞内加尔、斯洛文尼亚、瑞典、图瓦卢和乌拉圭；共同提案国：巴巴多 [...] 斯、哥斯达黎加、德国、哈萨克斯坦、拉脱维亚、黎巴嫩、马来西亚、摩纳哥、巴基斯坦、 所罗门群岛、苏里南和赞 比亚），要求总干事利用教科文组织独有的跨学科背景，加强教科 [...]文组织在气候变化问题上的专业能力。 unesdoc.unesco.org | During this session, the SHS and SC Commissions examined the resolution proposed in document 35 C/COM SC/DR.1 (submitted by: Austria, Belgium, Plurinational State of Bolivia, Burkina Faso, Congo, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Finland, Iceland, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, New Zealand, Netherlands, Norway, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Poland, Portugal, Samoa, Senegal, Slovenia, Sweden, Tuvalu, Uruguay; co-sponsored by: Barbados, Costa Rica, Germany, Kazakhstan, [...] Latvia, Lebanon, Malaysia, Monaco, [...] Pakistan, Solomon Islands, Suriname, and Zambia), [...]requesting the Director-General to [...]strengthen UNESCO’s specialized capacity on climate change, building upon UNESCO’s unique interdisciplinary profile. unesdoc.unesco.org |
阿尔巴尼亚、安哥拉、阿根廷、澳大利亚、孟加拉国、比利时、贝宁、保加利 亚、布基纳法索、布隆迪、中国、刚果、刚果民主共和国、丹麦、吉布提、多米 尼加共和国、萨尔瓦多、爱沙尼亚 、危地马拉、 冰 岛 、 印 度、爱尔兰、以色列、 意大利、日本、肯尼亚、吉尔吉斯斯坦、马里、摩洛哥、波兰、大韩民国、摩尔 多瓦共和国、罗马尼亚、卢旺达、塞内加尔、西班牙、泰国、 前 南 斯 拉 夫的马其 顿共和国、土耳其、乌克兰、美利坚合众国和津巴布韦随后加入为提案国。 daccess-ods.un.org | Subsequently, Albania, Angola, Argentina, Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Benin, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, China, Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, [...] Denmark, Djibouti, the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Estonia, Guatemala, Iceland, India, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Mali, Morocco, Poland, the Republic of Korea, the Republic of Moldova, Romania, Rwanda, Senegal, Spain, Thailand, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkey, Ukraine, the United States of America and Zimbabwe joined the co-sponsors. [...] daccess-ods.un.org |
在 7 月 28 日第 39 次会议上，圣基茨和尼维斯代表代表阿尔及利亚、安提瓜 [...] 和巴布达、中国、古巴、多米尼克、斐济、冈比亚、格林纳达、圭亚那、牙买加、 [...] 尼加拉瓜、巴布亚新几内亚、圣基茨和尼维斯、圣卢西亚、圣文森特和格林纳丁 斯、萨摩亚、塞拉利昂、所罗门群岛 、 苏 里 南 、 阿 拉伯叙利亚共和国和委内瑞拉 玻利瓦尔共和国，提出一项题为“各专门机构和与联合国有联系的国际机构支助 [...]非自治领土的情况”的决议草案(E/2009/L.26)。 daccess-ods.un.org | At the 39th meeting, on 28 July, the representative of Saint Kitts and Nevis, on behalf of Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, China, Cuba, Dominica, Fiji, the Gambia, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint [...] Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, [...] Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Suriname, the Syrian Arab [...]Republic and Venezuela (Bolivarian [...]Republic of), introduced a draft resolution entitled “Support to Non-Self-Governing Territories by the specialized agencies and international institutions associated with the United Nations” (E/2009/L.26). daccess-ods.un.org |
下列成员和准成员的代表在会上作了发言：亚美尼亚、澳大利亚、孟 加拉国、文莱达鲁萨兰国、柬埔寨、中国、朝鲜民主主义人民共和国、斐济、 [...] [...] 中国香港、印度、印度尼西亚、伊朗伊斯兰共和国、日本、哈萨克斯坦、老 挝人民民主共和国、马来西亚、蒙古、缅甸、尼泊尔、巴基斯坦、巴布亚新 几内亚、菲律宾、大韩民国、俄罗斯联邦、萨摩亚、新加坡、所罗 门 群岛、 斯 里兰卡、泰国、汤加、图瓦卢、瓦努阿图和 越 南。 daccess-ods.un.org | Representatives of the following members and associate members made statements: Armenia; Australia; Bangladesh; Brunei Darussalam; Cambodia; China; Democratic People’s Republic of Korea; Fiji; Hong Kong, China; India; Indonesia; Iran (Islamic Republic of); Japan; Kazakhstan; Lao People’s Democratic Republic; Malaysia; Mongolia; Myanmar; Nepal; Pakistan; Papua New Guinea; Philippines; Republic of [...] Korea; Russian Federation; [...] Samoa; Singapore; Solomon Islands; Sri Lanka; Thailand; Tonga; Tuvalu; Vanuatu; and Viet Nam. daccess-ods.un.org |
2009 年，南极海 生委宣布为南奥克尼群岛南部大 陆架建立一个保护区建立第一个公海海洋保护 [...] 区，养护措施 91-03 禁止所有类型的捕捞活动，包括在一个约 94 000 平方公里 的地区内禁止倾倒废物和渔船的排放。 daccess-ods.un.org | In 2009, CCAMLR declared its first high seas MPA, for [...] the South Orkney Islands southern shelf, and conservation [...]measure 91-03 prohibited [...]all types of fishing activities, including a prohibition on the dumping of waste and discharges by fishing vessels, in an area of approximately 94,000 square kilometres. daccess-ods.un.org |
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