| 单词 | 分子遗传学 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 分子遗传学 —molecular geneticsSee also:分子 adj—molecular adj • intellectual adj 遗传—inheritance 遗传 v—transmit v 遗传 adj—inherent adj
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脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)的多态性的发现为整个人类遗传学带来真正革命性的改变 ， 分子遗传学 亦 因 此而诞生。 shawprize.org | The discovery of DNA polymorphism has [...] truly revolutionized the entire field of human genetics and was directly [...] responsible for the birth of molecular genetics. shawprize.org |
在生长受限大鼠胰腺，肌肉，肝脏和脂肪组织中的缺陷进行了研究，以确定这些变化如 表 遗传学 改 变 的作用 的 分子 机 制。 zh-cn.mccarrisonsociety.org.uk | Defects in the pancreas, muscle, liver and adipose tissue in growth [...] restricted rats are studied [...] to determine the molecular mechanisms underlying these changes such as the role of epigenetic alterations. mccarrisonsociety.org.uk |
从分子层面到种群层面研究生命， - 包括营养学，生物学，植物学，动物 学 ， 遗传学 ， 微生 物 学 和 分子 生 物 学。 university-list.net | Study of life, from molecules to populations - includes nutrition, biology, botany, zoology, genetics, microbiology and molecular biology. university-list.net |
在确定其工作内容时，中心将寻求与相关教科文组织合作伙伴建立伙伴关系并与之合 作，其中包括国际遗传工程 和生物技术中心、国际生物 化 学 和 分子 生 物学联合会及第三世界 科学院，并建立教科文组织教席和第 2 类中心及其他专门机构网络和尤其在非洲的示范中心 [...] 网络。 unesdoc.unesco.org | In the elaboration of its work, the Centre will seek to build partnerships with and collaborate with relevant UNESCO partners among [...] these, the [...] International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the [...]Academy of Sciences for the Developing [...]World, as well as the network of UNESCO chairs and category 2 centres and other specialized institutions and networks of excellence, particularly in Africa. unesdoc.unesco.org |
建议在以下一些具体领域继续合作和进一步加强工作关系：环境教育，人力资源的开 发，水资源管理，海洋方面的活动，科学技术能力的培养，加强世 界 遗 产 与旅游业之间的联 系，普及信息传播技 术方面的基础知识和建立多媒体学习中心，全民信息计划（IFAP）和 信息管理资料包（IMRK）电子学习活动。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Continued collaboration and a further strengthening of working relationships were proposed for a number of specific areas, such as environmental education, human resources development, water resources management, oceanographic activities, capacity-building in science and technology, [...] development of [...] linkages between world heritage and tourism, ICT literacy and the creation of multimedia learning centres, the Information for All Programme (IFAP) and the Information Management Resource Kit (IMARK) e-learning initiative. unesdoc.unesco.org |
分子变异分析（AMOVA）显示， 分子遗传 变 异 主要来自种群内(58.53％)和地理区内种群间(42.84％)。 actazool.org | Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that most of the genetic variation resides [...] within populations (58.53%) and [...]among populations within a geographic region (42.84%). actazool.org |
各国代表团尤其重点提及以下实际措施：促进 海洋科学研究 ；制订研究活动的行为守则；进行环境影响评估，包括在一般环境影 响评估的框架内制订评估对海洋遗传 资 源 的影响的准则；建立合作 和 分 享 海 洋 遗传 资源 研究产生的信息和知识的机制，包括让发展中国家的研究人员更多地参加相关 研究项目；建立海洋保护区；讨论分享惠益的可行方案，包括协助获取样本的方案； 审议国家管辖范围以外区域海洋遗传资源涉及的知识产权问题(A/65/68，第73段)。 daccess-ods.un.org | Notably, delegations highlighted the following [...] practical measures: the [...] promotion of marine scientific research; the development of codes of conduct for research activities; environmental impact assessments, including the development of guidance on assessments of impacts on marine genetic resources within the general environmental impact assessment process; the establishment of mechanisms for cooperation and the sharing of information and knowledge resulting from research on marine genetic resources, including [...]by increasing the [...]participation of researchers from developing countries in relevant research projects; the establishment of marine protected areas; discussions on practical options for benefit-sharing, including options for facilitating access to samples; and consideration of the intellectual property aspects of marine genetic resources beyond areas of national jurisdiction (A/65/68, para. 73). daccess-ods.un.org |
本计划将与其他项目开展合作，包 括计划 1（专利法）、计划 3（版权及相关权）、计划 4（传统知识、传统文化表现形式和 遗传资源 ）、计划 5（PCT 体系）、计划 6（马德里、海牙和里斯本体系）、计划 9（非 洲、阿拉伯、亚洲和太平洋、拉丁美洲和加勒比国家、最不发达国家）、计划 10（与欧洲 和亚洲部分国家的合作）、计划 11（WIPO 学院）、计划 19（交流）、计划 20（对外联 系、合作伙伴和驻外办事处）、计划 27（会务与语文服务）和计划 30（中小企业与创 新）。 wipo.int | This Program will cooperate with other Programs, including Program 1 (Patent Law), Program 3 (Copyright and Related Rights), Program [...] 4 (Traditional [...] Knowledge, Traditional Cultural Expressions and Genetic Resources), Program 5 (The PCT System), Program 6 (Madrid, Hague and Lisbon Systems), Program 9 (Africa, Arab, Asia and the Pacific, Latin America and the Caribbean Countries, Least Developed Countries), Program 10 (Cooperation with Certain Countries in Europe and Asia), Program 11 (The WIPO Academy), Program 19 (Communications), [...]Program [...]20 (External Offices and Relations), Program 27 (Conference and Language Services) and Program 30 (SMEs and Innovation). wipo.int |
经合组织简要说明能够适用或涉及规范遗传隐私权和不歧视领域的法律文 书清单，包括《保护隐私权和个人数据跨界流通准则》、《 遗 传学 发 明 许可证制度 准则》、《分子遗传检测质量保证准则》和《人类生物库和遗传研究数据库准则》。 daccess-ods.un.org | OECD has indicated a list of legal instruments that can be applied or are relevant to the regulation of the area of genetic privacy and non-discrimination. These include the Guidelines on the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data, [...] the Guidelines for the [...] Licensing of Genetic Inventions, the Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Molecular Genetic Testing and [...]the Guidelines on Human [...]Biobanks and Genetic Research Databases. daccess-ods.un.org |
理事会在 2010 年实质性会议上决定，将有关遗传隐 私 权和不歧视项目的审 议推迟到其 2011 年实质性会议，以便受益于从会员国进一步收集的更实质性的 信息、机构间生物伦理委员会的分析 结果以及联合国机构和其他政府间组织关于 这一问题的进一步交流；又决定鼓励机构间委员会推进其在这一领域的工作；并 请联合国教育、科学及文化组织总干事就此向理事会 2011 年实质性会议提出报 告(理事会第 2010/259 号决定)。 daccess-ods.un.org | At its substantive session of 2010, the [...] Council decided to defer its [...] consideration of genetic privacy and non-discrimination until its substantive session of 2011 so as to benefit from further, more substantive information collected from Member States, from the results of analysis by the Inter-Agency Committee on Bioethics and from further exchanges among United Nations agencies and other intergovernmental organizations on the issue; also decided to encourage the Inter-Agency Committee to further its work in that field; and requested the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural [...]Organization to report [...]thereon to the Council at its substantive session of 2011 (Council decision 2010/259). daccess-ods.un.org |
分子变异 分析和系统重建结果也表明，各地理单元之间不存在共享的单倍型，YN (云南地理单元) 与XL (相岭地理单元) 和QL (邛崃地理单元) 之间存在着显著的遗传分化， FST分别为0336和0351 (P<0001), 其余地理种群之间分化不明显(P>005)，单倍型缺乏比较明显的地理分布格局，各地理单元中的单倍型相互散布在不同的分布群中。 actazool.org | The AMOVA and phylogenetic tree analysis demonstrated that no haplotype was shared among geographic regions, no geographic clustering was observed, there was distinctive geographic phylogeography between YN and XL, QL ( F ST was 0336 and 0351, respectively, P <0001), but no obvious subdivision among other regions ( P >005). actazool.org |
进一步分析表明黄山短尾猴与四川短尾猴之间存在着极显著 的 遗传分 化 （ FST = 0.399，P<0.001），基于最大似然法和邻接法构建的系统发生树均将两者聚为不同的类群，支持将它们归入各自的管理单元 [动 物 学 报 52 (4): 724–730, 2006]。 actazool.org | The phylogenetic tree and AMOVA analysis demonstrated that there were distinctive genetic divergences between the two Tibetan macaque populations (FST = 0.399, P<0.001), supporting the treatment of the Huangshan and Sichuan Tibetan macaque populations as two different management units [Acta Zoologica Sinica 52(4):724–730, 2006]. actazool.org |
在通过临床和遗传生物心理学调查 查明全国残疾人士及其所 在地点后，按照一个与残疾人士照顾 者 分 担 责 任的制度发放了 12 000 多张称为 Joaquín Gallegos Lara 援助赠劵的不可偿还的货币援助劵，优先照顾严重和深 度残疾者，特别注意被边缘化的农村和城市地区。 daccess-ods.un.org | Once cases of disability had been identified across the country and [...] georeferenced through [...] a clinical and genetic bio-psychosocial study, more than 12,000 non-reimbursable monetary assistance coupons, known as Joaquín Gallegos Lara Assistance Coupons, were distributed under a system [...]of shared responsibility [...]to caregivers for persons with disabilities, prioritizing those with severe and profound disabilities, paying special attention to marginalized rural and urban areas. daccess-ods.un.org |
由联合国儿童基金会（印度尼西亚）和英国文化协会提名，Stephanie 成为国际激励计划、伦敦 2012 奥运官方国际体育遗产计划的一分子。 specialolympics.org | Nominated by UNICEF Indonesia and [...] the British Council, [...] Stephanie was part of International Inspiration, the official international sports legacy programme of [...]London 2012. specialolympics.org |
2008年10月投入使用,总面为900平方米，划分 为 分子 生 物 学 实 验室、大规模哺乳动物细胞培养实验室（万级）、抗体纯化与筛选实验室，由全自 动 遗传分 析 仪 、实时荧光定量PCR仪、细胞反应器、流式细胞仪、液相色谱纯化工艺开发系统、悬浮蛋白芯片系统、全自动生物分子相互作用分析系统等核心设备搭建了生物药物开发链，提供分子生物学，生物大分子的筛选、制备和纯化服务。 biobay.com.cn | Put into operation in October 2008, with the total [...] area of 900m2, divided into the Molecular Biology Lab, Large Scale Mammalian Cell Culture Lab (Class 10,000), Antibody Purifying and Screening Lab; established the biopharmaceuticals development chain integrating the fully-automatic genetic analyzer, real [...]time fluorescence ration [...]PCR instrument, cell reactor, flow cytometry, liquid chromatograph purifying process development system, suspension protein chip system, fully-automatic bio-molecular interaction analysis system and other core equipment; to provide the bio-molecular and large biological molecule screening, preparation and purification services. en.biobay.com.cn |
根据《突尼斯信息社会议程》，教科文组织被指定为以下六项信息社会世界首脑会议行动方针 的协调人：获取信息和知识（C3）； 电 子 学 习 （C7）； 电 子 科 学 （ C7 ） ； 传 媒 （ C9）；文化多样性 和特性、语言多样性和当地内容（C8）；以及信息社会的伦理方面（C10）。 unesdoc.unesco.org | In accordance with the Tunis Agenda for the Information Society, UNESCO was designated facilitator for the following six WSIS Action Lines: Access to information and knowledge (C3); E-learning (C7); E-science (C7); Media (C9); Cultural diversity and identity, linguistic diversity and local content (C8); and Ethical dimensions of the Information Society (C10). unesdoc.unesco.org |
两族科学工作队在塞浦路斯神经学和 遗传学 研 究 所进行 了 1 280 份样本的基因分析，包括在本报告所述期间被送还的 15 人在内，已有 278 人的遗骸被送还给各自的家人。 daccess-ods.un.org | Following the genetic analysis of 1,280 samples by a bicommunal team of scientists at [...] the Cyprus Institute of Neurology and [...]Genetics, the remains of 278 individuals have been returned to their respective families to date, including 15 during the reporting period. daccess-ods.un.org |
为了扩大教科文组织有关不同文明之间对话的活动，战略规划编制局开展了许多活 动，其中包括：建立一个全球（互联网基的电子）网络，使各主管组织、研究机构以及研究 人员、哲学家和知识分子都参 与进来；出版科学论文及政策论文和在教科文组织的“系列对 话”中的发言；在各种国际会议上介绍教科文组织参与不同文明之间对话的情况；共同组织 和主办关于不同文明之间对话方面的会议和活动（见文件 [...] 166EX/5，第一部分：决定 164EX/7.1.3- 《总干事关于教科文组织参与实施不同文明之间对话全球议程情况的报 告》）。 unesdoc.unesco.org | In order to broaden the basis of UNESCO’s activities pertaining to the dialogue among civilizations, a number of activities were undertaken by BSP, including: the setting up of a global [...] (electronic, [...] Internet-based) network, involving competent organizations and research institutions as well as individual researchers, philosophers and intellectuals; the publication of scientific and policy-relevant [...]papers and [...]speeches in UNESCO’s “Dialogue Series”; presentations at international conferences and meetings on UNESCO’s involvement in the dialogue among civilizations; and the co-organization and sponsorship of international conferences, meetings and events on the dialogue among civilizations (see document 166 EX/5, Part I: 164 EX/Decision 7.1.3 – Report by the Director-General on UNESCO’s contribution to the implementation of the Global Agenda for Dialogue among Civilizations). unesdoc.unesco.org |
生命科学与医学奖平均颁予法国斯特拉斯堡大学教授朱尔斯•霍夫曼 (Jules A [...] Hoffmann)、美国耶鲁大学大卫．华莱士 (David W Wallace) 免疫学讲座教授鲁斯兰•麦哲托夫 (Ruslan M Medzhitov) 和美国加州拉霍亚 (La Jolla) 的斯克利普斯研究所 (The Scripps Research Institute) 遗传学学系主 任布鲁斯•比尤特勒 (Bruce A Beutler)，以表彰他们发现先天性免疫系统 的 分子 机 制 ，解开了抵抗病原体的首道防线之谜。 shawprize.org | Awarded in equal shares to Professor Jules A Hoffmann, University of Strasbourg, France, Professor Ruslan M Medzhitov, David W Wallace Professor of Immunobiology, Yale [...] University, New Haven, [...] Connecticut, USA and Professor Bruce A Beutler, Chairman of the Department of Genetics, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA for their discovery of the molecular mechanism of innate [...]immunity, the first [...]line of defense against pathogens. shawprize.org |
各位部长认识到，必须加强生物多样性的保护和可持续利用，以及建立一 种公平公正的获取和惠益分享国际机制，尊重各国对其自然资源的主权权利， 以及在《生物多样性公约》和其他相关国际文书框架内公正和公平 地 分 享 利用 遗传资源 和相关传统知识而产生的惠益。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Ministers recognized the importance of Strengthening the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and the establishment of an a fair and just international regime on access and benefit sharing that respect the sovereign rights, of States over their natural resources and [...] promotes the fair and [...] equitable benefit sharing from the utilization of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge [...]in the framework of [...]the Convention on Biological Diversity and other related international instruments. daccess-ods.un.org |
学员们认识到空间科学领域具有多学科性， 因为它涉及电子、传感装 置和成像、信息技术、 万维网技术、基础科学、分析技 术等现代技术。 neutrino.aquaphoenix.com | Participants recognized that the area of space science was of a multidisciplinary nature, [...] since it involved modern [...] technologies in electronics, sensor devices and imaging, information technologies, World Wide Web-based technologies, basic science, analytical techniques and so on. neutrino.aquaphoenix.com |
会议提出了许多其它建议，诸如确保数 字 遗 产 得到保护，包括把档案和图书馆作为 “世界记忆计划”的组成部分；制订儿童和成人媒体教育计划；根据信息社会世界首脑会议 的精神，特别在知识社会和知识经济的背景下，推广普及使用信 息 传 播 技 术。 unesdoc.unesco.org | A range of other suggestions was put forward, such [...] as: to ensure the preservation of digital heritage, including archives and libraries as a component of the “Memory of the World Programme”; to develop media education programmes for children and adults; and to increase familiarity with the use of ICTs, especially within the framework of the knowledge society and knowledge economy, in light of the outcomes of the World Summit on the Information Society. [...] unesdoc.unesco.org |
对话的主要目的是为弥补对其它文明、文化和社会了解的不足，为开展建立在 [...] 普遍承认的价值观基础上的对话打下基础，并在对话的激励和推动下，开展教育、文化多样 性、遗产、科学、传播和 媒体等方面的具体工作。 unesdoc.unesco.org | A principal objective of a dialogue is to bridge the gap in knowledge about other civilizations, cultures and societies, to lay the foundations for dialogue based on universally shared values and to undertake concrete activities, inspired and driven by [...] dialogue, especially in the areas of education, [...] cultural diversity and heritage, the sciences and communication [...]and media. unesdoc.unesco.org |
Tollefsbol的生物系，老龄化中心，综合癌症中心，营养肥胖研究中心和位于伯明翰的阿拉巴马大学的综合糖尿病中心，AL 35294，USA）37的章节，在几乎所有的药品和医疗科学，包括遗传学，心理学，精神病学，环境生物学和进化的表 观 遗传学分 支。 zh-cn.mccarrisonsociety.org.uk | Handbook of Epigenetics: The New Molecular and Medical Genetics (edited by Trygve O. Tollefsbol of the Department of Biology, the Center for Aging, the Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Nutrition Obesity Research Center and the Comprehensive Diabetes Center at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, USA) has 37 chapters on virtually every branch of medicine and medical science including genetics, psychology, psychiatry, environmental biology and evolutionary Epigenetics. mccarrisonsociety.org.uk |
此外，应建立具有法律约束力的国际制度，规 定遗传资源的获取以及公平公正地分 享 利 用 遗传资 源 产生的惠益，这对于打击生物技术剽窃、保护传 统知识和促进哥伦比亚等国家的生物多样性遗产至 [...] 关重要。 daccess-ods.un.org | It was also necessary to adopt a legally binding [...] international regime [...] on access to genetic resources and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits [...]derived from their use, [...]which was crucial for combating bio-piracy, protecting traditional knowledge and promoting the biodiversity heritage of countries like Colombia. daccess-ods.un.org |
然而，由于得到政府和其他国际国内 [...] 机构的资助以及居民外出务工获得一些收入，干旱对居民粮食安全以及良种基 地、饲料基地和动物遗传基地 所造成的 部 分 负 面影响得以消除。 daccess-ods.un.org | Nevertheless, due to the financial support from the Government and other states and international bodies, as well as due to the income obtained by residents who work outside the country, the negative impact of the drought on the food [...] security of the population, maintenance of the seeds base, [...] forage base and the animal genetic base was partially stopped. daccess-ods.un.org |
为了有效吸纳有特殊教育需要的学生，实施了必要的支助制度和服务(例 如，电子学习， 课堂上使用助教，社会和 宣 传 支 助 服务，学习支持，心理咨询， 言语治疗专家的服务，在课堂上使用手势语等等)。 daccess-ods.un.org | For effective inclusion of pupils with special [...] educational needs, the necessary support systems and services are implemented (e.g. e-learning, use of assistant teachers in classroom, social and pedagogical support service, learning support, [...]psychological counselling, [...]service of a speech therapist, opportunity to use sign language in classroom, etc). daccess-ods.un.org |
对面向包括广大公众、专业人员、高级 研究人员、学者和 决策者在内的各种目标群体的国际水文计划出版物的日益增加的要求，促 使通过光盘和水网站增加了数字和电 子传 播 方 法的利用。 unesdoc.unesco.org | The growing demand for IHP publications, addressing various [...] target groups including the [...] broad public, professionals, high-level researchers and academicians and policy-makers, has led to an increasing use of digital and electronic dissemination through CDs and the water portal. unesdoc.unesco.org |
其中包括：乌兹别克斯坦 共和国妇女委员会；“乌兹别克斯坦文化艺术论坛”基金会；乌兹别克斯坦共和 国非商业性非政府组织国家协会；乌兹别克斯坦工会联合会理事会；国际文化中 心；支持和发展乌兹别克斯坦独立报刊和新闻机构公共基金会；国家 电 子传 媒协 会；乌兹别克斯坦律师协会；“Ijtimoiyi fikr”公共舆论研究中心；“Kamolot” 青年社会活动；乌兹别克斯坦儿童基金；“你并不孤单”基金会；“为了健康的 一代”基金会；“Makhallya”基金会；“家庭”实用 科 学 中 心；“Ecosan”国际 基金会；乌兹别克斯坦生态运动；乌兹别克斯坦残疾人协会；法律问题研究中 心；公民倡议支持中心。 daccess-ods.un.org | They included the Women’s Committee of Uzbekistan; the Forum of Culture and Arts of Uzbekistan Foundation; the National Association of Non-Governmental Non-Profit Organizations; the Trade Union Federation Council; the Inter-ethnic Cultural Centre; the Foundation for the Support and Development of [...] Independent Print Media and News Agencies of Uzbekistan; the National Electronic Media Association; the Chamber of Lawyers; the Izhtimoi fikr Centre for Public Opinion Studies; the Kamolot youth movement; the Children’s Foundation; the Sen elgiz emassan Foundation; the Soglom Avlod Uchun Foundation; the Makhalla Foundation; the Oila Centre for Applied Research; the Ekosan International Foundation; the Environmental Movement of Uzbekistan; the Society for the Disabled; the Centre for Legal Studies; and the Centre for Support of Civic Initiatives. [...] daccess-ods.un.org |
英汉双解词典包含2273206条英汉词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。