| 单词 | 冷战以后 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 冷战以后 —post-Cold WarSee also:冷战—cold war • (colloquial) shiver • shudder 战后—post-war • after the war 以后 adv—after adv • afterwards adv 以后—following • in the future • later on
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在被占领的西岸所谓“暂 停兴建定居点 10 个月”的规定过期后，以色列 官员，包括政府的高级成员，便 几次发表挑战性言 论，包括在正式访问非法定居点时发表这种言论，反映了他们 决心继续在包括东耶路撒冷在内 的巴勒斯坦被占领土上殖民，全然不顾这种行为 显然违反国际人道主义法的事实，也全然不顾这种行为对重新开始的和平进程以 及对国际社会所有成员在这方面作出的一致而崇高的努力和美利坚合众国带头 作出的努力的严重影响。 daccess-ods.un.org | As the so-called “10-month moratorium” on settlement construction in the Occupied West Bank expired, Israeli officials, including senior members of government, have proceeded to make several provocative statements, including in the context of official visits to illegal settlements, in a reflection of their determination to continuing colonizing the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, regardless of the fact that such actions constitute clear breaches of international humanitarian law and regardless of the gravely detrimental impact on the newly resumed peace process and the concerted and noble efforts being exerted in this regard by all members of the international community and led by the efforts of the United States of America. daccess-ods.un.org |
开发署从 1970 年代开始提供援助，以加强选举程序 ， 冷战 结 束 后 大 幅度增 加了这种援助，当时许多国家开始举行多党选举。 daccess-ods.un.org | UNDP support to strengthening electoral processes started in the 1970s and [...] expanded significantly after the end of the Cold War, when many countries [...]first began to organize multiparty elections. daccess-ods.un.org |
该决议草案的序言部分强调了几个重要理念和 原则，如：军备控制在促进和平与安全方面的关键作 用；冷战后时代 对和平的威胁大多源于地处同一区域 或次区域的国家之间；最低军备水平有助于和平与稳 定；在尽可能低的军备和军事力量水平上加强区域和 平与安全的协议的目标；军事大国和军事力量较强的 国家在促成这种区域和平与安全协议方面负有特别 责任；以及防止出现出其不意发动军事袭击的可能性 和避免侵略的目标。 daccess-ods.un.org | The preambular part of the draft resolution highlights several important concepts and principles, such as the crucial role of arms control in peace and security; the threats to peace in the post-Cold War era, arising mainly among States in the same region or subregion; the lowest level of armaments as a contributing factor to peace and stability; the objective of agreements on strengthening [...] peace and security at the lowest [...]possible levels of armaments and military forces; the special responsibility of militarily significant States and States with larger military capabilities in promoting such agreements for regional peace and security; and the objective of preventing the possibility of surprise military attacks, as well as avoiding aggression. daccess-ods.un.org |
2007 年期间：（a）1 月在内罗毕举办的世界社会论坛；（b）3 月在印度孟买举行 的主题为“印美核交易：印度、南亚、不结盟运动和全球秩序”国际研讨会；（c） 关于不结盟运动今后的作用和亚非人民团结组织五十周年纪念的国际会议；（d） 8 月在布鲁塞尔举行的联合国民间社会支持 巴 以 和 平国际会议；（e）9 月在德黑 兰举行的不结盟运动人权和文化多样性问题部长级会议；（f）9 月在伦敦举行的 主题为“美国导弹防御：陷入新的 冷战 ” 的会议；（g）9 月在河内举行的南南团 结协调会议。 daccess-ods.un.org | During 2007: (a) World Social Forum, in January in Nairobi; (b) international seminar on “Indo-United States Nuclear Deal: India, South Asia, NAM and the Global Order” in March in Mumbai, India; (c) [...] international conference on the future role of NAM and the commemoration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Afro-Asian Peoples’ Solidarity Organization (AAPSO); (d) [...] United Nations International Conference of the Civil Society in Support of Palestinian-Israeli Peace, in August in Brussels; (e) NAM ministerial meeting on human rights and cultural diversity, in September in Tehran; (f) conference on “US Missile Defense: Towards a New Cold War”, in September in London; (g) South-South Solidarity Coordinating Meeting, in September in Hanoi. daccess-ods.un.org |
这些组织的发展以及伊斯兰极端主义 的传播使得世俗民主化势力边缘化，在齐亚·哈克将军的军人政权期间得到促进 (该政权推翻了以布托 女士父亲为首的民选政府 ， 后 来 处 决了他)；三军情报局最 初在冷战和 1980 年代的反苏战争中，后来在 支持克什米尔叛乱分子的过程中， 发展了这些关系。 daccess-ods.un.org | The development of these organizations and the spread of Islamist extremism, which marginalized secular democratizing forces, was promoted during the General Zia ul Haq military regime (which overthrew the civilian government headed by [...] Ms. Bhutto’s father and [...] later executed him); the ISI cultivated these relationships, initially in the context of the Cold War and the anti-Soviet war in Afghanistan in the 1980s and later in support [...]of Kashmiri insurgents. daccess-ods.un.org |
大会第六十六届会议强调指出继续对《关于进一步执行小岛屿发展中国家可 持续发展行动纲领的毛里求斯战略》 的 后 续 行 动和执行情况进行实质性审议的重 要性，并决定在其第六十七届会议上审议为第六十六届会议印发的秘书长关于更 好地执行《小岛屿发展中国家可持续发展的行动纲领》和《关于进一步执行小岛 屿发展中国家可持续发展行动纲领的毛里求斯战略》的具体建议的报告 (A/66/278)以及秘 书长关于审查联合国系统对小岛屿发展中国家支持情况的报 告(A/66/218)(第 66/198 号决议)。 daccess-ods.un.org | At its sixty-sixth session, the General Assembly stressed the importance of the continued substantive consideration of the follow-up to and implementation of the Mauritius Strategy for the Further Implementation of the Programme of Action for the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States and decided to consider at its sixty-seventh session the reports of the Secretary-General on concrete recommendations [...] to enhance the implementation of [...]the Barbados Programme of Action for the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States and the Mauritius Strategy for the Further Implementation of the Programme of Action for the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States (A/66/278) and on the review of United Nations system support to small island developing States (A/66/218), issued for the sixty-sixth session (resolution 66/198). daccess-ods.un.org |
建设和平”在 1946 年弥合了冷战初期意识形态上的分歧，如今它已经让 位于促进不同文明之间对话与和平文化 ； 以 及 支 援冲 突 后 国 家 和受灾国家，例如通过在武装 冲突期间保护妇女和女童的人权。 unesdoc.unesco.org | Thus “peace-building” in 1946 bridging [...] ideological divides in the [...] early years of the Cold War has given way to promoting a dialogue among civilizations and a culture of peace; and supporting countries in post-conflict and disaster [...]situations, for [...]example by protecting the human rights of women and girls during armed conflicts. unesdoc.unesco.org |
冷战的结束催生了新的合作机会，自 1998 年以来加空间局、欧空 局、日本宇宙航空研究开发机构、美国航天局和俄航天局这五大空间机构（代 表比利时、加拿大、丹麦、法国、德国、意大利、日本、荷兰、挪威、俄罗斯 [...] 联邦、西班牙、瑞典、瑞士、联合王国和美国这 [...]15 个国家）协力开发、发射和 运行国际空间站，合作由此达到巅峰。 daccess-ods.un.org | With the end of the cold war, a new opportunity for cooperation emerged, culminating [...] in the combined effort of the five [...]space agencies CSA, ESA, JAXA, NASA and Roscosmos (representing 15 countries: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, the Russian Federation, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States) to develop, launch and operate the International Space Station (ISS) since 1998. daccess-ods.un.org |
在访问期间，工作组发现，非洲人后 裔 在葡萄牙面临的 挑 战 主 要 涉及他们 作为一个特定群体在葡萄牙国家政策和立法框架中得不到承认；其在历史上对 该国的建设和发展作出积极贡献得不到承认；没有按种族或族裔分列的定性和 定量的分类数据；贫困、获得教育、公共服务和就业机会不平等，以及在行政 和司法制度运作方面的歧视，形成恶性循环；存在种族貌相和警察暴力；在政 治和体制决策进程中代表不足，以及 葡 萄牙缺少针对非洲 人 后 裔 或 其他少数群 体的具体措施或扶持行动政策。 daccess-ods.un.org | During their visit, the [...] Working Group found that the challenges faced by people of African descent in Portugal related mainly to their lack of recognition as a specific group in the national policy and legal framework; the lack of recognition of their positive contribution throughout history to the construction and development of the country; the lack of qualitative and quantitative disaggregated data by racial or ethnic origin; the existence of a circle of poverty, unequal access to education, public services, employment, as well as discrimination in the administration and functioning of the justice system; existence of racial profiling and police violence; underrepresentation in political [...]and institutional decision-making processes, as well as the lack of special measures or affirmative action policies in Portugal for people of African descent or other minorities. daccess-ods.un.org |
冷战时代结束之后，19 90 年代，公共部门和学术 界自然转而指望国际机构和国际法提供解决办法。 daccess-ods.un.org | Following the Cold War era, in the 1990s [...] both public and scholarly circles naturally turned to international institutions [...]and international law to provide solutions. daccess-ods.un.org |
又严重关切特别是占领国以色列继续进行建立非法定居点的活动，包括所谓 的“E-1 计划”，在东耶路撒冷城内和周围修建隔离墙，对出入和居住在东耶路撒 冷实行限制，进一步将该城与巴勒斯坦被占领土的其他地区相隔绝，对巴勒斯坦 人的生活产生不利影响，并可能会预先限定有关耶路 撒 冷 的 最 后 地 位 协定， 还严重关切以色列 继续摧毁巴勒斯坦人的家园并将为数众多的巴勒斯坦家 庭赶出东耶路撒冷居民区以及在 城内的其他挑衅和煽动行为，包括以色列定居者 实施的此类行为 daccess-ods.un.org | Expressing its grave concern also, in particular, about the continuation by Israel, the occupying Power, of illegal settlement activities, including the so-called E-1 plan, its construction of the wall in and around East Jerusalem, its restrictions on access to and residence in East Jerusalem and the further isolation of the cit y from the rest of the Occupied [...] Palestinian Territory, which [...] are having a detrimental effect on the lives of Palestinians and could prejudge a final status agreement on Jerusalem, Expressing its grave concern further about the continuing Israeli demolition [...]of Palestinian [...]homes and the eviction of numerous Palestinian families from East Jerusalem neighbourhoods, as well as other acts of provocation and incitement, including by Israeli settlers, in the city daccess-ods.un.org |
尽管现在已无须借助禁产条约来停止冷战时期的军备竞赛，但它应当能够巩 固自冷战结束以来取 得的军备控制成就。 daccess-ods.un.org | Although an FMCT is now no longer needed to halt the cold war arms race, it would consolidate the arms [...] control gains made since the end of the cold war. daccess-ods.un.org |
深信常规军备控制主要应在区域和次区域范围内进行，因为 在 冷战后 时 期， 对和平与安全的大多数威胁主要发生在同一区域或次区域的国家之间 daccess-ods.un.org | Convinced that conventional arms control needs to be pursued primarily in the regional and subregional [...] contexts since most threats to peace and [...] security in the post-cold-war era arise mainly [...]among States located in the same region or subregion daccess-ods.un.org |
越来越多的国际积极干预行动也意味着， 与 冷战 时 期相比，70%的国内冲突 现在都不是通过一方的军事胜利，而是通过谈判达成协议， 随 后 由 安全理事会承 诺授权建立维持和平特派团协助执行该协议而得到解决的。 daccess-ods.un.org | Increasing international activism has [...] also meant that, in [...] contrast to the cold war period, 70 per cent of all intra-State conflicts are now resolved through a negotiated agreement, rather than a military victory for one side, followed by a Security [...]Council commitment [...]to authorize a peacekeeping mission to help implement the agreement. daccess-ods.un.org |
这一审议 将在《条约》生效 40 年及冷战结束 20 年之后进行 ， 重要的是为下一次审议大会达成一项关于推进彻底 消除核武器的目标的共同协议。 daccess-ods.un.org | With the review [...] coming 40 years after the entry into force of the Treaty and 20 years after the end of the cold war, it will be important [...]to leave the next [...]Review Conference with a common agreement on advancing the goal of the total elimination of nuclear weapons. daccess-ods.un.org |
大会在 2009 年 12 月 2 日题为“区域和次区域两级的常规军备控制”的第 64/42 [...] 号决议中表示，深信常规军备控制主要应在区域和次区域范围内进行，因 为在冷战后时期 ，对和平与安全的大多数威胁主要发生在同一区域或次区域的国 [...] 家之间；决定紧急审议区域和次区域两级的常规军备控制所涉及的各种问题；请 [...] 秘书长征求各会员国对这一主题的意见并向大会第六十五届会议提出报告。 daccess-ods.un.org | In its resolution 64/42 of 2 December 2009, on conventional arms control at the regional and subregional levels, the General Assembly, convinced that conventional arms control needed to be pursued primarily in the regional and subregional [...] contexts since most threats to peace and [...] security in the post-cold-war era arose mainly among [...]States located in the same region [...]or subregion, decided to give urgent consideration to the issues involved in conventional arms control at the regional and subregional levels, and requested the Secretary-General to seek the views of Member States on the subject and to submit a report to the Assembly at its sixty-fifth session. daccess-ods.un.org |
冷战时期 的磨难既然已经过去，核大国的安全 理论继续以先发制人策略为基础，在道义或政治上都 是站不住脚的。 daccess-ods.un.org | Having overcome the tribulations of the Cold War, there is no moral or political justification [...] for the security doctrines [...]of the nuclear Powers to continue to be based on the first-use approach. daccess-ods.un.org |
一条道路是，大胆地从根本上改变 冷战 思 维，放弃不合时宜的对朝鲜民主主 义人民共和国政策，以此为 朝鲜半岛的和平与安全作出贡献，为确保自身的安全 创造条件。 daccess-ods.un.org | One path is to make [...] bold and fundamental change in its Cold War mindset to renounce its anachronistic policy towards the Democratic People’s [...]Republic of Korea, [...]and thus contribute to the peace and security in the Korean peninsula and pave the way for ensuring its own security. daccess-ods.un.org |
冷战的结 束宣告了一个国际和平与安全新时代 的开始，但随后出现了新形式的冲突。 daccess-ods.un.org | The end of the cold war announced a new era of international peace and security, but since then new forms of [...] conflict have appeared. daccess-ods.un.org |
讨论的重点是冲突后恢复治理和公共行政的三个关键方面： (a) 冲突后重建公共服务部门中面临的挑 战以 及 公 共服务部门在通过有效地提 供服务加强社会和谐方面的作用；(b) [...] 冲突后重建政府的前景，重点是为建设和 平实行分权治理，以及(c) 在分裂的社会中如何改变政府和民间社会领导人的心 [...] 态，以使他们能有效地为实现发展而共同努力。 daccess-ods.un.org | It focused on three essential aspects of post-conflict [...] reconstruction of governance [...] and public administration: (a) the challenges of reconstructing the public service [...]after conflict and [...]the role of the public service in building social cohesion through the effective delivery of services, (b) the prospects for reconstructing government after conflict, with emphasis on decentralization for peacebuilding, and (c) how to transform the mindset of government and civil society leaders in divided societies to enable them to work effectively together to achieve development. daccess-ods.un.org |
在冷战正酣之时，美国和中国共同努力，建立相互信任，该信任为有意义的战略合 作 以 应 对 共同安全挑战奠定了基础。 embassyusa.cn | At the height of the Cold War, the United States and China worked together to build mutual trust, a trust that formed the basis [...] for meaningful strategic [...]cooperation to address common security challenges. eng.embassyusa.cn |
最后，我 们谨重申，必须加强受影响国家、区域 组织和联合国各机构之间合作与互动，以解决迫切的 人道主义援助需求和许多与安全和有组织跨国犯罪 有关的社会经济挑战以及迅速加剧的青年失业问题。 daccess-ods.un.org | In conclusion, we would like to reiterate how important it is to strengthen cooperation and the interaction among affected States, regional organizations and the various United Nations bodies to address the urgent needs for humanitarian aid and the many security-related, social and economic challenges linked to organized [...] transnational crime, [...]as well as the rapidly increasing youth unemployment. daccess-ods.un.org |
经讨论后，联络小组组长告知，经与泰国政府代表协 商 后 ， 就 制 冷 和 空 调组成部分 的削减后的预 算、决定的补充文字和对《协定》作些许修 改 以 支 持 采用全球变暖潜能值低 的替代品问题达成了共识。 multilateralfund.org | Following the discussions, the convenor of the contact group, advised that following consultation with the representatives of the Government of Thailand, consensus was reached on a reduced budget for the RAC component, additional language to the decision and minor changes to the Agreement to support the introduction of lower GWP alternatives. multilateralfund.org |
面对这样的团结互助，独立专家认为，索马里存在着民族团结的基本要素， 可以 用来在战前和战后开展国家建设。 daccess-ods.un.org | In the face of such solidarity, the independent expert felt that the [...] basic ingredients of national unity are there in Somalia to be [...] put to use for nation-building before and after the war. daccess-ods.un.org |
表 4 说明了产生差额的一些原因：2003 年的一些核定资金被转移到了 2004 年；工发 组织的一览表中没有反映期票的情况；有必要把执行机构收到的一些利息考虑在内；第 41/65 号决定只为中国的制冷战略提 供了一半资金；期票的撤销；过早归还的结余；杂项 收入支出和货币升值以及 2002 年对账产生的收入。 multilateralfund.org | Table 4 demonstrates some of the reasons for the differences: some approved funds in 2003 were transferred in 2004, promissory notes were not reflected in UNIDO’s schedules; some interest received by [...] implementing agencies needed [...] to be taken into account; Decision 41/65 funding half of a refrigeration strategy for China; the revocation of promissory notes; balances returned [...]prematurely; [...]miscellaneous income charges and currency revaluation; and income from the 2002 reconciliation. multilateralfund.org |
加勒比共同体(加共体)中等收入国家的特征 是贫穷水平高居不下并且严重依赖商品出口，有一 [...] 种情况更加剧了这一特征，即小岛屿发展中国家容 易受到包括自然灾害在内的范围广泛的环境 挑 战以 及气候变化负面后果的影响。 daccess-ods.un.org | The persistently high poverty levels and heavy dependence on commodity exports which characterized middle-income countries in the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) were compounded by the fact that, as small island developing States, [...] they were vulnerable to a [...] wide range of environmental challenges, including natural disasters, [...]and to the negative effects of climate change. daccess-ods.un.org |
委员会在其第四十五届会议报告(A/60/16 和 Corr.1)第 237 段中建议大 会请秘书长向委员会第四十六届会议提交报告并 且 以后 每 年 提交报告，说明进展 情况，包括问题、障碍和挑战，以及 在 向新伙伴关系提供支助方面联合国系统要 实现的目标。 daccess-ods.un.org | In paragraph 237 of its report at its forty-fifth session (A/60/16 and Corr.1), the Committee recommended that the Assembly request the Secretary-General to report to the Committee [...] at its forty-sixth [...] session, and annually thereafter, on the progress, including problems, obstacles and challenges, as well as the goals [...]of the United Nations [...]system, to be achieved in support of NEPAD. daccess-ods.un.org |
转型期经济体在二战后的几十年间局部地与全球经济分离，由于 加入世界贸易组织(世贸组织)的进程缓慢，自 1990 年以来在获得正常关税待遇 方面遇到很多困难，2010 年的世界出口占额为 4.1%。 daccess-ods.un.org | The economies in transition, which [...] became partially segmented from the rest of the global economy in the decades after the Second World War and since 1990 have encountered problems in obtaining normal [...]tariff treatment [...]owing to slow progress in obtaining accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO), accounted for 4.1 per cent of world exports in 2010. daccess-ods.un.org |
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