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单词 公共卫生
释义

See also:

公共

common (use)

共生 adj

symbiotic adj

共生

symbiosis

External sources (not reviewed)

除基础课程外,特有课程包 公共卫生 、 政治、环境、教育、社会运动、科学、商务、 体育和文化等方面的报道、媒体管理、媒体经济和媒体法律。
unesdoc.unesco.org
Specific
[...] courses include, in addition to foundation courses, covering public health, politics, environment, [...]
education, social
[...]
movement, science, business, sport and culture, media management, media economics and media law.
unesdoc.unesco.org
政府要分配充足资源来提供 基础设施、工资、人力资源和教育培训,并增 公共卫生 支 出
daccess-ods.un.org
Governments need to allocate sufficient resources to
[...]
provide the infrastructure, salaries, human resources and training for
[...] education, and increase public health expenditure.
daccess-ods.un.org
因此,这是摩尔多瓦共和 国第一次在帮助开展加公共卫生活 动的原则基础上形成的一个新视角:社会保 险、经济、生态、食品安全、推广健康的生活方式、公民平等享有优质医疗服务 等。
daccess-ods.un.org
Thus, for the first
[...] time in the Republic of Moldova a new vision was shaped over the principles of support for the activity of the consolidation of public health: insurance [...]
of social, economic, ecological,
[...]
food security, promotion of a healthy style of life and equal access to high quality health services.
daccess-ods.un.org
会议重申,确保所有缔约国之间多边合作的现有体制途径和方法需要进一
[...] 步发展,以促进在与《公约》相关的领域为和平利用开展国际合作,包括医药公共卫生、农业和环境等领域。
daccess-ods.un.org
The Conference reaffirms that existing institutional ways and means of ensuring multilateral cooperation among all States Parties need to be developed further in order to promote international cooperation for peaceful uses
[...]
in areas relevant to the Convention, including areas,
[...] such as medicine, public health, agriculture and [...]
the environment.
daccess-ods.un.org
虽然在维生素A补充剂和碘盐方面取得了重大进展,微营养素缺乏症在许多国家仍然是个主要 公共卫生 问 题
unicef.org
While significant progress has been made in relation to vitamin A
[...]
supplementation and salt iodization, micronutrient deficiencies
[...] remain significant public health problems in many [...]
countries.
unicef.org
主席建议,委员会可通过下列几种方 法做出贡献:(a) 再次请求委员会主席在年度部长级审查会议上发言,强调人口 与发展问题对于执行全公共卫生方 面 国际商定目标和承诺的贡献;(b) 邀请理 事会主席在第四十二届会议议程项目 6 下向委员会发言,以便开始讨论人口问题 与实施全公共卫生方面 国际商定目标和承诺之间的关系;(c) 请秘书处考虑是 否能在年度部长级审查会议期间组织一次会边活动,讨论人口问题与全球卫生之 间的相互关系。
daccess-ods.un.org
The Chairperson suggested that there were several ways in which the Commission could contribute: (a) by requesting, once more, that the Chairperson of the Commission make a statement at the annual ministerial review to highlight the contributions of population and development issues to the implementation of
[...]
the internationally agreed goals and commitments in regard to global public health; (b) by inviting the President of the Council to address the Commission under item 6 of its agenda for the forty-second session in order to launch a discussion on the relevance of population issues to the attainment of the goals and commitments on global public health; and (c) by requesting the Secretariat to look into the possibility of organizing a side-event at the time of the annual ministerial review that would highlight the interrelations between population issues and global health.
[...]
daccess-ods.un.org
为了履行这些义务,缔约国必须考虑以下因素,包括在必要时,对移徙者等
[...] 特定人口群体采取特别措施:(a) 提供正常运作公共卫生设施 、物品和服务以 及相关计划,(b) 设施、物品和服务的便利程度,包括实物和财务两个方面;(c) [...]
设施、物品和服务为人接受的程度,例如它们必须顾及两性平等问题,符合文化
[...]
习惯,并尊重隐私;(d) 所有保健设施、商品和服务从科学和医学角度来看都质 量良好(经济、社会和文化权利委员会第 14 条一般性意见第 12 段)。
daccess-ods.un.org
In order to comply with these obligations, States parties must consider the following elements, with the inclusion of special measures for particular population groups, such as
[...]
migrants, when needed: (a) the
[...] availability of functioning public health facilities, goods [...]
and services, as well as programmes;
[...]
(b) their accessibility, including both its physical and financial aspects; (c) their acceptability, e.g., health facilities, goods and services must be gender-sensitive, culturally appropriate and respectful of confidentiality; and (d) all health facilities, goods and services must be of good quality in scientific and medical terms (Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, general comment No. 14, para. 12).
daccess-ods.un.org
认为新的安全威胁,例如各种形式和表现形式的恐怖主义、全球性毒品和有
[...] 关犯罪问题、有组织跨国犯罪、非法贩运武器、影响公民安全的普通犯罪、对国公共卫生的威胁,尤其是艾滋病毒/艾爱滋病和甲型 H1N1 [...]
流感、自然灾害、通 过我们的水域运送放射性材料等,特别是这些威胁对美洲和加勒比的影响,必须
[...]
由主管部门和实体在尊重各国的主权、各国的国内法律和国际法的框架内有机地 加以解决。
daccess-ods.un.org
Consider that new threats to security, such as all forms and manifestations of terrorism, the global problem of drugs and related crimes, organized transnational crime, illicit arms trafficking, common crimes
[...]
that affect civic security, threats
[...] to international public health, particularly HIV/AIDS [...]
and H1N1, natural disasters, the
[...]
shipment of radioactive material through our waters, among others, and especially their effects in Latin America and the Caribbean, must be tackled by competent authorities and entities in an integral manner through effective, articulated and joint international cooperation within the framework of respect for the sovereignty of the States, each country’s internal legislation, and international law.
daccess-ods.un.org
对此项权利的行
[...] 使不得加以限制,除去按照法律以及在民主社会中为维护国家安全或公共安全、 公共秩序,保公共卫生或道 德或他人的权利和自由的需要而加的限制。
daccess-ods.un.org
No restrictions may be placed on the exercise of this right other than those imposed in conformity with the law and which are necessary in a democratic society in the interests of
[...]
national security or public
[...] safety, public order, the protection of public health or morals or [...]
the protection of the rights and freedoms of others.
daccess-ods.un.org
2009 年 3 月 26 日经济及社会理事会第 3 次全体会议决定,2009 年实质性
[...] 会议区域合作项目的主题为“从区域角度研究全球经济和金融危机,包括其对 全公共卫生的影响”。
daccess-ods.un.org
At its 3rd plenary meeting, on 26 March 2009, the Economic and Social Council decided that the theme for the item on regional cooperation of its substantive session of 2009
[...]
would be “Regional perspectives on the global economic and financial crisis,
[...] including the impact on global public health”.
daccess-ods.un.org
公共卫生部正 在制定 有关残疾和康复以及精神卫生方面的新的战略。
daccess-ods.un.org
New strategies are being developed for disability and rehabilitation as well
[...] as mental health within the [...]
Ministry of Public Health.
daccess-ods.un.org
他们还呼吁采取行动,
[...]
加快制定与贸易有关的知识产权协议方面与发展相关的任务规定,尽快落实 《多哈部长级宣言》中与执行相关的问题,特别是关于制定支持《生物多样性
[...] 公约》目标的与贸易有关的知识产权协议规则的问题,以及与贸易有关的知识 产权协议公共卫生在贸 易方面的问题。
daccess-ods.un.org
They also called for action to accelerate the work on the development related mandate concerning the TRIPS Agreement and the implementation related issues in the Doha Ministerial Declaration, especially on the issues of making intellectual property rules of TRIPS supportive of
[...]
the objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity as well as trade-related
[...] aspects of the TRIPS and Public Health.
daccess-ods.un.org
返回原籍、当地融入或另地定居的地方的条件,包括破坏程度、获得 住房、土地、谋生手段的可能性、地雷风险、就业及其他经济机会; 可以使用的公共服务(公共交通、医疗服务、教育、通信手段等);学 校、诊所、道路、桥梁公共卫生系 统 的建筑和基础设施状况;以及 从国家、国际和私营行为体可以得到的支助。
daccess-ods.un.org
The conditions in places of return, local integration or settlement elsewhere in the country, including degrees of destruction, access to housing, land, livelihoods, landmine risks, employment and other economic
[...]
opportunities; availability
[...] of public services (public transport, health care, education, means of communication, etc.); conditions of buildings and infrastructure for schools, health clinics, roads, bridges and sanitation systems; and [...]
assistance available
[...]
from national, international and private actors.
daccess-ods.un.org
他说,白俄罗斯公民可以在
[...] 任何情况下行使这些权利,只受到法律规定的以及在民主社会中为维护国家安全 或公共安全、公共秩序,保 公共卫生 或 道 德或他人的权利和自由的需要作出的 限制。
daccess-ods.un.org
He states that these rights can be exercised by a citizen of Belarus under any circumstances, subject to the restrictions that are provided in law and are necessary in a democratic society in the
[...]
interests of national security or public
[...] safety, public order, the protection of public health or morals or the [...]
protection of the rights and freedoms of others.
daccess-ods.un.org
加拿大代表团作为食品标签法规范委员会主席发言,告知食典委该问题在食品标 签法委员会会议上进行了广泛讨论,委员会考虑了世卫组织在会议期间提供的信息以
[...] 及马来西亚的发言和保留态度,同时委员会认识到反式脂肪酸在所有食典委成员国均公共卫生关切 ,因而商定添加一条关于反式脂肪酸的脚注。
codexalimentarius.org
The Delegation of Canada, speaking as Chair of the CCFL, informed the Commission that the issue had been discussed extensively in the CCFL and that the Committee had taken into account the information presented by WHO at the session as well as the intervention and reservation of
[...]
Malaysia but recognized that trans fatty
[...] acids were not a public health concern in all [...]
jurisdictions and thus had agreed to
[...]
add a footnote on trans fatty acids.
codexalimentarius.org
突出的 变动有:起草小组调整了对于人类基因数据为什么具有特殊地位这一问题的解释;修改了有 关同意的条款(包括撤销同意、对未成年人的适用问题、书面形式和改变用途);取消了关 于民事和刑事诉讼采集数据需司法裁定的要求;扩展了有关保密和同意的限制情况,这样,
[...] [...] 在符合人权方面的国际法精神的国家法律许可的情况下,不要求保密和征得同意;调整了文 本中有关销毁基因数据的规定,增加了事 公共卫生 , 公共 秩 序 和国家安全的情况,另外, 还对有关能力建设、团结互助、教育、培训和教科文组织的责任等条款的形式做了修改。
unesdoc.unesco.org
In particular, the Drafting Group refined its explanation of why human genetic data have a special status, modified articles concerning consent (including its withdrawal, its applicability to minors, its written form and change of purpose), removed the requirement of a judicial decision for collection with regard to civil and criminal proceedings, expanded the limitations to confidentiality and consent so that they will not be required when national legislation so permits in accordance with international human rights law, adapted the text’s provisions for the
[...]
destruction of genetic data to
[...] include cases in which public health, order and national [...]
security are concerned and modified
[...]
the form of the articles addressing capacity-building, solidarity, education, training and the responsibilities of UNESCO.
unesdoc.unesco.org
例如,这些法律所述的理由包括“公
[...] 共秩序”、“公共安全”、“内部和外部治安”和“内部或外部安全”,以及“公共 安宁”、公共卫生”和“公共健 康”等。
daccess-ods.un.org
Thus, reference is made to grounds of not only “public order”,
[...]
“public security”, “internal and external security”, but also
[...] “public peace”, “public hygiene”, “public health” and so forth.
daccess-ods.un.org
因此,农业生产率上升使得 卡路里摄取量增加公共卫生和获 得安全饮用水状况的改善促进了个人卫生的改 善,杀虫剂的改进,以及医疗技术的诸多突破产生了具有成本效益 公共卫生 措施和有效的治疗,这一切均有助于减少较年轻得病的发病率,并防止得病后的死亡。
daccess-ods.un.org
Thus, higher calorie intake made possible by rising agricultural productivity, better
[...]
hygiene facilitated
[...] by improvements in sanitation and access to safe drinking water, the development of insecticides, and the many breakthroughs in medical technology leading to cost-effective public health interventions and effective [...]
treatments have
[...]
all contributed to reduce the incidence of disease at younger ages and prevent death when disease strikes.
daccess-ods.un.org
自该法律实行 之日起公共卫生管理 部门就推动相关计划拆除医疗中心及医疗服务机构中对行 [...]
动不便及交流不便人群造成障碍的设施。
daccess-ods.un.org
In response, the public health administrations [...]
immediately began promoting programmes for the removal of obstructions in
[...]
health centres and services which, because of age or other factors, might render access difficult for users with mobility or communication problems.
daccess-ods.un.org
卫生部法》(1996 年)规定卫生部长的权力、责任和职能涵盖在议会管辖范
[...] 围内,涉及促进或保护加拿大人健康的所有问题,包括保护加拿大人民免受健康 风险,防止疾病蔓延以及公共卫生 进 行 调查和研究,其中也包括监测各种疾病。
daccess-ods.un.org
The Department of Health Act (1996) sets out the powers, duties and functions of the Minister which extend to all matters covering the promotion or preservation of the health of Canadians over which Parliament has jurisdiction, including the protection of the people of Canada against risks to
[...]
health and the spreading of disease, and investigation
[...] and research into public health, including the [...]
monitoring of diseases.
daccess-ods.un.org
联合国儿童基金会也正在公共卫生 和 人 口部及合作伙伴(如FONDEFH和世界粮食计划署)紧密合作,通过分发强化食品,倡导政府及其合作伙伴加大努力普及碘盐的食用,从而减少海地的碘缺乏症。
unicef.org
UNICEF is also working closely
[...] with the Ministry of Public Health and Population [...]
and partners such as FONDEFH and the World
[...]
Food Programme to reduce IDD in Haiti, through distribution of fortified foods and by advocating for an increase in commitment to universal salt iodization by the government and its partners.
unicef.org
如果指称发生使用生物或毒素武器的情况,经任何缔约国请求,提供
[...] 援助并与有关组织协调,包括提高疾病监测、检测和诊断的国家能力以及改公 共卫生系统
daccess-ods.un.org
(f) Provision of assistance and coordination with relevant organizations upon request by any State Party in the case of alleged use of biological or toxin
[...]
weapons, including improving national capabilities for disease surveillance, detection
[...] and diagnosis and public health systems.
daccess-ods.un.org
政府协调和提供公共和精神科医院服务及范围 广泛的社区公共卫生服务 ,其中包括促进健康、监测和控制传染病、防治非传 染性疾病、人口健康、环境和职业健康。
daccess-ods.un.org
Public and psychiatric hospital services and a wide range of
[...] community and public health services including health promotion, [...]
communicable disease surveillance
[...]
and control, non communicable disease control, population health and environmental and occupational health are coordinated and delivered by the Government.
daccess-ods.un.org
讲习班将侧重公共卫 生问题,还将包括空间流行病学、优 公共卫生 对 策 的空间后勤,以及利用空 间技术应用减少杀虫剂使用的可能性等方面的项目。
daccess-ods.un.org
The workshop would focus on public health problems and would include items on spatial epidemiology, spatial logistic optimization of public health response and [...]
the possibilities for
[...]
space technology applications to reduce pesticide application.
daccess-ods.un.org
公共卫生系统 应对挑战的能力,尤其是在以下问题上,如性别、土著人民 保 健、卫生和清洁、改善学校卫生条件、环境健康风 [...]
险、滥用药物、精神健康、伤 害、劳动健康和安全以及与其他部门有效协作直接应对灾害。
daccess-ods.un.org
Strengthen
[...] the ability of the public health system to deal with [...]
the challenges it faces, particularly issues of gender,
[...]
indigenous people’s health, hygiene and cleanliness, improved health conditions at schools, environmental health risks, drug abuse, mental health, injuries, labour health and safety and providing immediate response to disasters through effective collaboration and coordination with other sectors.
daccess-ods.un.org
尽 管 如此,也不得认 定 依 任何法律在其中所保有或所做 不 符 合 或 违 反 本 条 , 只 要有关
[...]
法律中有规定,例 如,那 是为下列目
[...] 的的合 理 需 要:防卫、公共安全、 公 共 秩序、公共 道 德 或体面公共卫生、城镇和 乡村规 划 、开发 和利用 自 然 资 源 ,或为增 进公共 利 [...]
益 开 发 和利用 任何财产,或者 , 那 是为下列目
[...]
的的合 理 需 要:合理增进他人的权利和自由,只要在民主社会中那是被认为合理的。
daccess-ods.un.org
This notwithstanding, nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of this article to the extent that the law in question makes provision, for example, that is reasonably required in the interest
[...]
of defence, public
[...] safety, public order, public morality or decency, public health, town and country [...]
planning, the development
[...]
and utilisation of mineral resources, or the development and utilisation of any property in such a manner as to promote the public benefit or that is reasonably required for the purpose of promoting the rights or freedoms of other persons reasonably in so far as it is reasonably justifiable in a democratic society.
daccess-ods.un.org
理 第 13 条:查询 每个人均应能随时查询自己的基因数据或蛋白质组数据,除非这些数据已被不可逆转地切断了
[...] 与其作为可识别源头之个人的关联,或国家法律出 公共卫生 、 公共 秩 序 或国家安全的考虑限 制此种查询。
unesdoc.unesco.org
No one should be denied access to his or her own genetic data or proteomic data unless such data are irretrievably unlinked to that person as the
[...]
identifiable source or unless domestic law limits such access in
[...] the interest of public health, public order or national [...]
security.
unesdoc.unesco.org
强调全球卫生也是一个涉及地方、国家、区域和国际社会的长期发展目标, 需要不断得到注意,作出承诺和加强国际合作,为此重申需要进一步加 公共卫 生领域 的国际合作,包括交流最佳做法以增 公共卫生 系 统的能力,提供财政援 助,生产负担得起的、安全、有效和高质药品并增加获得这些药品的机会,培训、 征聘和留公共卫生人员,发展基础设施和转让技术
daccess-ods.un.org
Underscoring the fact that global health is also a long-term developmental objective which is local, national, regional and international in scope and requires sustained attention, commitment and closer international cooperation, and in this regard reaffirming the need to further strengthen
[...]
international
[...] cooperation in the area of public health, inter alia, through the exchange of best practices aimed at building the capacity of public health systems, providing financial assistance, the production of and increased access to affordable, safe, effective and high-quality medicines, the training, recruitment and retention of public health personnel, the development [...]
of infrastructure
[...]
and the transfer of technology
daccess-ods.un.org
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