| 单词 | 储备货币 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 储备货币 —reserve currencySee also:储备 n—reserve n • store n 储备 v—hold v 储备—store up 货币 n—currency n • money n 储币—savings • deposit money
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因 此，进一步的(预期)大量外汇储备的账面价值损失可能引发一 场 储备货币 的 信心 危机，这将危及全球整个金融体系。 daccess-ods.un.org | As a result, further (expected) loss of the book value of the massive foreign reserve [...] holdings could trigger a crisis of [...] confidence in the reserve currency, which would [...]put the entire global financial system at risk. daccess-ods.un.org |
不过，一些与会者指出，尽管已实施了一些具体改革，在 全球金融架构和国际储备货币问题 方面仍有许多工作要做。 daccess-ods.un.org | However, some participants noted that, although some specific reforms had already been implemented, [...] much remained to be done regarding the global financial architecture and the [...] issue of the international reserve currency. daccess-ods.un.org |
有人认为，必须开 始就国际储备货币展开讨论；这将包括扩大现有的特别提款权安排。 daccess-ods.un.org | It was considered important to start discussions on an [...] international reserve currency; this would include [...]broadening of the existing special drawing rights arrangements. daccess-ods.un.org |
除这些金融改革措施外， 还需要对全球储备系统进行深刻的改革，其方向是减少对美元作为单一主 要 储备 货币的依 赖，包括更好地集合国际储备(例如通过国际货币基金组织和区域金融 合作机制的更密切的合作)，提高特别提款权作为国际流动资金的作用，同时扩 大特别提款权的货币篮子，把主要发展中国家的货币包括在内。 daccess-ods.un.org | These sets of financial reforms will need to be complemented by deeper reforms of the global reserve systems in a direction of lesser dependence on the dollar as the single major reserve currency, including through better pooling of reserves internationally (e.g., through closer cooperation between IMF and the regional mechanisms of financial cooperation) and enhancing the role of special drawing rights (SDRs) as international liquidity, while expanding the basket of SDR currencies, including with currencies from major developing countries. daccess-ods.un.org |
必须建立有效的全球经济管理机制，其中所有机 构和行为体权责分明，确立有效的全 球 储备货币 ，严 格控制投机资本。 daccess-ods.un.org | It is important to establish an effective global economic governance mechanism, with clear powers and lines of accountability [...] involving all institutions and actors, an [...] effective global reserve currency and tight control [...]over speculative capital. daccess-ods.un.org |
欧元作为储备货币显露 出的重要性得到了 强调。 daccess-ods.un.org | The emerging importance of the [...] euro as a reserve currency was underlined. daccess-ods.un.org |
(h) 应建立一个以超国家全球储备货币及 区 域货币为基础的新的全球储备 体系。 daccess-ods.un.org | (h) A new global reserve system based on a supranational global reserve currency, as well as regional currencies, should be [...] established. daccess-ods.un.org |
亚太经社会在这方面提出的重要建议包括：建立以特别提款权为基 础的全球储备货币，以 备反周期发行；征收全球金融交易税，除了可以调节短期 [...] 资本流动，还可以筹集资源实现千年发展目标；制定国际条例遏制金融部门过度 的风险承担行为。 daccess-ods.un.org | Important proposals outlined by ESCAP in this regard include: [...] establishing a special drawing [...] rights-based global reserve currency that could be issued [...]countercyclically; a global tax [...]on financial transactions to raise resources for achieving the Millennium Development Goals, besides moderating short-term capital flows; and international regulations to curb excessive risk-taking by the financial sector. daccess-ods.un.org |
(e) 美元作为世界储备货币的作用虽然促成了危机的发生，但这一状况不可 能迅速改观。 daccess-ods.un.org | (e) While the role of the United States dollar as the world’s reserve currency had contributed [...] to the crisis, the situation was unlikely to change soon. daccess-ods.un.org |
正在讨论之中的建议包括：采用一种基于特别提款 权的全球储备货币、征 收一种减缓短期资本流动的全球金融交易税、以及 [...] 对金融业实行国际监管，以期遏制过份承担风险等。 daccess-ods.un.org | Proposals under discussion include, for example, an [...] SDR-based global reserve currency, a global tax [...]on financial transactions to moderate [...]short-term capital flows, and international regulations for the financial sector to curb excessive risk taking. daccess-ods.un.org |
此项合作能形成区域货币安排的基石，对增 加 储备货币 的 全 球性举措是一 种补充。 daccess-ods.un.org | Such cooperation can be a building block for a regional currency arrangement that would supplement global [...] initiatives to increase reserve currencies. daccess-ods.un.org |
) 的当代形式是影响到当 今货币体系的问题的关键。表明需要实行改革的另一些问题包括：调整失衡的恰 [...] 当机制缺乏和调整过程中的衰退倾向，币值波动，危机时期体系确保提供流动性 的能力有限，储备货币多样 性的机会有限，政策协调机制缺乏。 daccess-ods.un.org | Other issues reflecting the need for reform included the absence of adequate mechanisms for adjustment of imbalances and the recessionary bias in the adjustment process, the volatility of currencies, the limited capacity of the system to ensure provision of [...] liquidity in times of crisis, [...] the limited opportunities for diversification of reserve assets, [...]and the lack of mechanisms for policy coordination. daccess-ods.un.org |
77 国集团加中国还赞同加强区域和次区域的努力，例如加强次区域开发银 行、区域和次区域储备货币安排 以及区域和次区域一体化倡议，因为这些努力可 [...] 在提供流动性和发展方面发挥重要的补充作用。 daccess-ods.un.org | The G-77 and China believe also in such enhanced regional and subregional efforts as [...] subregional development banks, regional and [...] subregional reserve currency arrangements and [...]regional and subregional integration initiatives, [...]which may have an important complementary role in liquidity provision and development. daccess-ods.un.org |
实践证明，美元不是一个稳定的价值储备手段，而这是一 种 储备货币 的 必 备条件。 daccess-ods.un.org | The dollar has proved not to be a stable store of value, which is a [...] requisite for a stable reserve currency. daccess-ods.un.org |
会议鼓 [...] 励“加强区域和次区域合作，例如，通过区域和次区域开发银行、商业 和 储备货 币安排 和其他区域举措，作为对当前危机的多边应对和提高对未来潜在危机的抵 [...]抗力的贡献。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Conference encouraged “enhanced regional and subregional cooperation, for example, through regional [...] and subregional development banks, [...] commercial and reserve currency arrangements, and [...]other regional initiatives, as contributions [...]to the multilateral response to the current crisis and to improved resilience to potential future crises. daccess-ods.un.org |
但是，建立一个成熟的国际储备货币 需 要深远变革，包括 在经济政策的核心事宜上放弃国家主权，而国际社会尚未做好这种准备。 daccess-ods.un.org | The establishment of a [...] full-fledged international currency, though, requires [...]far-reaching changes, including giving up national sovereignty over key issues of economic policy, which [...]the international community is not yet ready to make. daccess-ods.un.org |
特别是， 危机表明以美元为基础的国际货币体系的不足之处， 引发了对替代性储备货币安排 和建立更为稳定的国 际货币体系的讨论，并且暴露了各国国家管制制度之 间的严重不一致，以及它们以国内利益为重和忽视其 [...] 行动对全世界的不利国际外溢影响的趋势。 daccess-ods.un.org | In particular, it has demonstrated the inadequacy of [...] the dollar-based [...] international monetary system, invigorated discussions on alternative reserve currency arrangements [...]and the creation [...]of a more stable international monetary system, and exposed important inconsistencies amongst national regulatory systems and their tendency to privilege domestic interests and ignore the adverse international spillover of their actions to the whole world. daccess-ods.un.org |
然而，为了防范商品市场和资本流动的波动，许多发展中国家在 2000 年代大量 积存这种储备货币。 daccess-ods.un.org | Nonetheless, motivated in part by needs for self-insurance against volatility in [...] commodity markets and capital flows, many developing countries accumulated vast [...] amount of such reserves during the 2000s. daccess-ods.un.org |
例如， 有人认为，虽然替代性储备货币将增 加迫使美国作出调整的压力，但对收支顺差 国的激励将不会有大的改变。 daccess-ods.un.org | For instance, it has been argued [...] that while reserve alternatives would increase pressure on the United States to adjust, incentives for the surplus countries would not [...]change much.30 Therefore, [...]along with moving towards greater reserve options, policy dialogue and cooperation aimed at more balanced and sustainable global growth will still remain indispensable. daccess-ods.un.org |
长期下降趋势产生的原因是美元发挥着世界主 要 储备货币 的 作 用以及全 球增长格局导致全球失衡。 daccess-ods.un.org | The downward trend over the longer term is [...] associated with the dollar’s role as the [...] world’s major reserve currency and the global [...]pattern of growth leading to global imbalances. daccess-ods.un.org |
一种更实际的改革途径可能是拓宽现有的特别提款权安排，随着时间的推 移，这种提款权可以演化为一种被广泛接受的世 界 储备货币。 daccess-ods.un.org | A more realistic way of reform may be to broaden existing [...] arrangements for special drawing rights (SDRs) which could over time evolve into a widely [...] accepted world reserve currency. daccess-ods.un.org |
鼓励加强区域和次区域合作，包括通过区域和次区域开发银行、商业安 排和储备货币安排 以及其他区域和次区域举措加强这种合作 daccess-ods.un.org | Encourages enhanced regional and subregional cooperation, including through regional [...] and subregional development banks, [...] commercial and reserve currency arrangements [...]and other regional and subregional initiatives daccess-ods.un.org |
一个选择方案是，采取与一些 储备货币 、 而 不是仅仅是与美元 挂钩的一揽子等值货币，并制订一套共用的权重，此种权重将根据其在经 [...] 济贸易中所占的份额来确定。 daccess-ods.un.org | One option would be a basket parity relative to a [...] number of reserve currencies instead of [...]the United States dollar alone, and a common [...]set of weights that is determined by regional trade share. daccess-ods.un.org |
(i) 更广泛地利用区域或次区域储备安排以及关于多 边 储备货币 安 排 的潜 在优势和弊端的进一步分析工作，包括评估这些安排如何才能配合各国的自保 daccess-ods.un.org | (i) A wider use of regional or subregional reserve arrangements and further analytical work on the [...] potential advantages and drawbacks of [...] multilateral reserve currency arrangements, [...]including assessing how they can complement States’ selfinsurance daccess-ods.un.org |
18要让 特别提款权成为有吸引力的储备货币 单 位 ，还需要具有深度和流动性的特别提款 权要求市场，以及运转良好的结算制度，以便将特别提款权要求直接兑换成所有 组成货币，其中应包括发达国家和发展中国家的货币单位。 daccess-ods.un.org | There have also been suggestions [...] for SDR allocations [...] to be made in cases of crisis, with appropriate assurances that these resources will be used only to deal [...]with the crisis and [...]will not become a permanent transfer, and/or with clear, predetermined criteria to cancel the SDRs once the crisis has passed and the Fund has been repaid.18 Making SDRs an attractive unit also requires deep and liquid public and private markets in SDR claims, in addition to a well-functioning settlement system to facilitate the direct exchange of SDR claims into all constituent currencies, which should include monetary units of both developed and developing countries. daccess-ods.un.org |
金融危机再次暴露出以美元为基础的国际货币体系的缺陷，并且，伴随着关 于如何改进现有机制的建议，关于替代 性 储备货币 安 排的讨论重新恢复。 daccess-ods.un.org | The financial crisis has once again brought to the fore the shortcomings of the dollar-based international monetary system and, along [...] with suggestions for how to improve existing mechanisms, revived discussions on [...] alternative reserve currency arrangements. daccess-ods.un.org |
一些与会者敦促考虑改革现有的 储备货币 制度 ，因为这种制度基本上以一个国家的货币即美元为基础。 daccess-ods.un.org | Some participants urged that consideration be given to reforming the existing reserve currency system which was based essentially on one national currency, the United States dollar. daccess-ods.un.org |
每个月，15个表现最佳的份额22,000 储备货币 ， 钱 存入帐户RTFX与获奖者将真实的投资，成为抽出的利润。 fxpips.com | Each month, the 15 best performers share € 22,000 in reserve money, money credited to an account in RTFX with which the winners will invest for real, the profits made becoming withdrawable. fxpips.com |
基金组织把这项工作的重点定为外部稳定和汇率评估。这种 做法已证明无法有效防止近期的全球危机，一个原因是现行机制并不区别各国对 [...] 体系稳定影响力的大小，也就是说，没有对发行主 要 储备货币 的 国 家进行更为严 格的监测。 daccess-ods.un.org | It did not prove effective in preventing the recent global crisis, in part because the existing mechanism did not differentiate among countries in terms of their influence on [...] systemic stability — that is to say, surveillance was not more rigorous for [...] countries issuing major reserve currencies. daccess-ods.un.org |
其他需要解决 [...] 的问题包括：改革国际货币基金组织往往是顺周期的附加条件，以及按照中国 和俄罗斯联邦的提议，以特别提款权为基础设计新的全 球 储备货币 体 系。 daccess-ods.un.org | to be procyclical, and the design of a new global [...] reserve currency system—based on special [...]drawing rights—as proposed by China and the Russian Federation. daccess-ods.un.org |
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