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External sources (not reviewed)

In this connection, the Advisory Committee recalls that, in its first report on the proposed programme budget for 2010-2011, it noted the role of the Office of Information and Communications Technology in overseeing the global management of ICT and in reviewing budgets from all funding sources for all ICT initiatives and operations of the Secretariat (A/64/7, para. 63; seealso A/62/793, para. 35 (b) and A/63/487, para. 21).

In addition, the ICBL noted that many efficiency issues they have raised touch upon the role of the United Nations and, in this regard, expressed appreciation for a constructive dialogue that has started in recent months between non-governmental organisations and the UN.

Available knowledge for policy and programme design on youth has increased, whereas awareness of the positive role of youth in national development and peace has been strengthened.

Concerning thecontribution toconflict and post-conflict areas, several Member States proposed to continue promoting the ideals of a culture of peace and to coordinate UNESCO’s action in that regard with that of other United Nations organizations, in particular as regards the reconstruction of education systems and the preservation of cultural heritage.

The Committee recommends that the Report continue to feature such elements as economic and social analysis of the impacts of disasters, descriptions of regional cooperation and analysis of the role of space applications and information and communications technology (ICT) in disaster risk reduction, in addition to new elements, such as (a) information on champions for disaster risk reduction, (b) social and psychological analysis, (c) coverage of community practices vis-à-vis global perspectives, (d) analysis of a possible linkage between the Hyogo Framework for Action and the Millennium Development Goals and (e) linkage to the Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction.

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Recommendations proposed included prioritizing least developed countries in allocations of official development assistance; implementing new and innovative sources of financing; exploring and, where possible, experimenting with new types of financial and, especially, non-financial collaboration; leveraging resources through subsidies for international private sector engagement, especially foreign direct investment, in areas of least developed country priority; strengthening least developed country capacities for commercialcontracting through greater transparency in agreements and by fostering governmental, especially parliamentary, review; increasing the participation of least developed countries in governance of the aid architecture.

The 2001 report of the Secretary-General on the prevention of armed conflict (S/2001/574 and Corr.1) went a step further in recognizing the critical importance of prevention by acknowledging that “the primary responsibility for conflict prevention rests with national Governments and other local actors” and “The role of the United Nations is principally to assist national Governments and their local counterparts in finding solutions to their problems by offering support for the development of national and regional capacities for early warning, conflict prevention and long-term peacebuilding.

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One delegation expressed some concern with the proposal to “revitalise” the Executive Committee, noting that it was already carrying out important functions and should retain its advisory role to the Commission, but should not take decisions that were the responsibility of the Commission.

It welcomed Yemen’s interest in ensuring women’s rights and its acceptance of Bahrain’s recommendation to promote the role of women in society and their access to decision-making posts, as well as of other recommendations relating to discrimination against women.

The Tribunal also exhibits several novelties from the point of view of procedure, including: (a) a Pre-Trial Judge with significant authority and responsibility; (b) a more proactive role for judges; (c) extensive victim participation in the proceedings; (d) measures alternative to detention, aimed at ensuring that freedom pending trial is the norm rather than the exception; (e) the protection of sensitive information, both to ensure the safety of witnesses and to accommodate the legitimate requests of States (including national security interests); and (f) trials in the absence of the accused under certain circumstances and with mechanisms designed to fully protect the rights of the accused.

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However, uncontrolled urbanization can be detrimental to human well-being and socio-economic development; such urbanization is a key contributor to environmental issues inside and outside the city, such as the unsustainable use of ecosystems supplying cities with resources and the contribution of cities to global issues, such as coastal/marine pollution (see figure XXVIII).

It took the view that assistance from economically developed countries and multilateral funding agencies should play a more supportive role to enable lowincome countries, especially fragile and vulnerable countries, to overcome unfavourable socio-economic conditions.

Recognizing that all States Parties have a role toplay, the Conferencestresses that those States Parties seeking to build their capacity should identify their specific needs and requirements and seek partnerships with others, and that those States Parties, in a position to do so, should provide assistance and support.

Scientists have found the Raspberry to have exceptional skin energizing and repairing properties thanks to its high content of flavonoids and Vitamin C. In its Lock-Around System ® HP, Clarins has combined it with Ascorbyl acid-2-glucoside, a new generation Vitamin C which continuously diffuses into the skin to providealong-lasting, anti-free radical and anti-melanogenesis action.

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It also noted the important role of harmonization of railway legislation in view of the establishment of a more unified Euro-Asian legal framework for smooth railway transport operations between the two regions.

The following six high-level interactive thematic debates were organized as part of the Fourth United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries: (i) Enhancing productive capacities and the role of the private sector in least developed countries; (ii) Resource mobilization for least developed countries’ development and global partnership; (iii) Harnessing trade for least developed countries’ development and transformation; (iv) Good governance at all levels; (v) Reducing vulnerabilities, responding to emerging challenges, and enhancing food security in the least developed countries; and (vi) Human and social development, gender equality and empowerment of women.

As Canada did not wish to suggest specific topics, it referred to the following indicative examples of sub-themes that could be addressed under the proposed “outward-looking” approach, bearing in mind that the number of sub-themes would have to be limited: crime, human rights and the rule of law (that would include both the role of criminal justice in protecting human rights and the role of human rights in the justice system, and the role of the rule of lawin both);crime and international peace, security and reconstruction (post-conflict and post-disaster situations); crime and technological change, including cybercrime, as well as the use of technologies by organized criminal groups and for trafficking, among other crimes; and crime and trade, commerce and the global economy (that could cover specific areas of economic crime and possibly corruption).

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