| 单词 | 以言代法，以权压法 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 以言代法，以权压法 —substitute one's words for the law and abuse power to crush |
废除所有压制言论自由和集会自由的 刑 法 条 款 ， 以 遵 从 国际 人 权 标准 (斯洛伐克) daccess-ods.un.org | Repeal all criminal provisions dealing with [...] freedom of expression and freedom of assembly to comply with international human rights standards (Slovakia) daccess-ods.un.org |
在同次会议上，智利代表代表里 约集团 发 言 ： 重 申里约集团支持阿根廷在 与联合王国的主权争端中的合法权利 ； 回顾了 2010 年 2 月 22 日和 23 日拉丁 美洲和加勒比国家元首和政府首脑在墨西哥举行的团结峰会上通过的关于在 群岛周围大陆架勘探矿物燃料问题的宣言和特别公报；反对大不列颠及北爱尔 兰联合王国在群岛的军事活动，这些军事活动违背了该区域寻 求 以 和 平 手段解 决争端的政策；还回顾了 2010 年 10 月在圣地亚哥就该问题通过的声明(见 A/C.4/66/SR.2)。 daccess-ods.un.org | At the same meeting, speaking on behalf of the Rio Group, the representative of Chile: reiterated the Group’s support for the legitimate rights of Argentina in the sovereignty dispute with the United Kingdom; recalled its declaration and special communiqué on the exploration for fossil fuels on the continental shelf around the Islands, adopted by the Heads of State and Government of Latin America and the Caribbean gathered at the Unity Summit held in Mexico on 22 and 23 February 2010; [...] rejected the military activities [...]of the United Kingdom in the Islands, which ran counter to the region’s policy of seeking a solution to the dispute through peaceful means; and also recalled the declaration on that matter that had been adopted in Santiago in October 2010 (see A/C.4/66/SR.2). daccess-ods.un.org |
被侵犯的权利 包括但 不 限 [...] 于 ： 免 受 歧视权，生 命和人身 安 全权， 人 类尊严权，免 受 酷 刑 、不人道 或 有 辱 人格待遇的自由 ，法律面前 人格获 得 承 认 的权利 ， 免 受任意 拘压的权利 ， 诉 诸司法、法律援助和 代 理的权利 ，法律上 享有 平等保护的权利 ， 获 得 赔偿和有效补救的权利 ， 无 条 件 协 助 的权利 ， 隐 私权，自 由流动权，信息和言论自 由 权、结社自由 权，倾 诉 权，不被 使用为奴隶和 免 受 强 迫或强制 劳 动的权利 ，享有公 正 和有利就业条 件 的权利 ， 获 取 薪 酬 的权利 ，同工 同酬的权利，结婚权，健康权，身体完整权，生殖自决权，性别平等权。 daccess-ods.un.org | The rights violated include, but are not limited to: the right to freedom from discrimination, right to life and security of person, right to human dignity, freedom from torture, inhuman or degrading treatment, right to recognition as a person before the law, right to freedom from arbitrary detention, [...] right to access to [...] justice, legal aid and representation, right to equal protection before the law, right to compensation and effective remedy, and right to non-conditional assistance, right to privacy, right to freedom of movement, right to information and freedom of expression, right to [...]freedom of association, [...]right to be heard, right not to be held in slavery and freedom from forced or compulsory labour, right to just and favourable conditions of employment, right to remuneration, right to equal pay for equal work, right to marry, right to health, right to bodily integrity, right to reproductive self-determination, right to gender equality. daccess-ods.un.org |
1.62 特别代表的任务要点是：(a) 担任保护受武装冲突影响的儿童及其福祉的道 义 代言 人 和 独立倡 导者；(b) 倡导、宣传并突出受武装冲突影响的儿童 的 权 利 及 对他们的保护；(c) 与各个伙伴 合作，提出意见和办法，以加强 对儿童的保护，并促进采取更协调一致的保护对策；(d) 采取 人道主义和外交举措，以便利业务行为体在实地开展工作。 daccess-ods.un.org | 1.62 Key elements of the mandate of the Special [...] Representative are: (a) to [...] serve as a moral voice and independent advocate for the protection and well-being of children affected by armed conflict; (b) to advocate for, build awareness about and give prominence to the rights and protection of children affected by armed conflict; (c) to work with partners to propose ideas and approaches to enhance the [...]protection of children [...]and to promote a more concerted protection response; and (d) to undertake humanitarian and diplomatic initiatives to facilitate the work of operational actors on the ground. daccess-ods.un.org |
在千年发展目标议程中，《千年宣言 》 中 的几个核心价值观未得到足够重视：解 决不平等的问题(“平等”)；谋求环境的可持续性，粮食和营养安 全 以 及 获 得可 持续能源(“尊重自然”)；解决人口 压 力 (“ 团结”)； 人 权 和 良好治理(“自由” 和“容忍”)；确保和平、安全与可持续全球发展(“分担责任”)。 daccess-ods.un.org | Several core values and [...] objectives of the Millennium Declaration did not receive sufficient emphasis in the Millennium Development Goals agenda in addressing inequalities (“equality”), pursuing environmental sustainability, food and nutrition security, and sustainable energy access (“respect for nature”), addressing demographic pressures (“solidarity”), human rights and good governance (“freedoms” [...]and “tolerance”), [...]and ensuring peace, security and sustainable global development (“shared responsibility”). daccess-ods.un.org |
整个 2008 年里，转变阿富汗社会的努力由于武装冲突的加紧 ， 法 治 的日 益削弱，普遍的滥用权力， 对妇女的暴 力 以 及 持 续地排挤妇女，和严 重 压 制 言论 自由等现象而受到严重损害。 daccess-ods.un.org | Throughout 2008, efforts to transform Afghan society were seriously undermined by the [...] intensification of the armed [...] conflict, growing lawlessness, widespread abuse of power, violence against women and their persistent marginalization, and a significant clampdown on freedom of expression. daccess-ods.un.org |
此外，许多代表团以宗教诽谤 为论据或依据《公民及政治权利国 际公约》第 20 条 的规定来压制言论自 由，而不是致力于维护《世界 人权宣言》所规定的自由和权利。 daccess-ods.un.org | Moreover, many delegations used the argument of “defamation of religion” or proceeded on the basis of article 20 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights in order to stifle freedom of speech rather than focusing [...] on defending the freedoms [...]and rights set forth in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. daccess-ods.un.org |
在随后的对话中，下列人士做了发言 ： 法 国 、德国、乌拉圭、俄罗斯联邦、 美利坚合众国、智利(代表里约集团)、澳大利亚、委内瑞拉玻利瓦尔共和国、摩 洛哥、马来西亚、大韩民国、比利时、日本、土耳其、危地马拉、蒙古、巴西和 大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国的代表 ， 以 及 西 班牙(代表欧洲联盟)、也门(代表 77 国集团加中国)、尼泊尔(代表最不发达国家集团)、古巴、哥伦比亚、墨西哥 和萨尔瓦多的观察员。 daccess-ods.un.org | In the ensuing dialogue, interventions were made by the representatives of France, Germany, Uruguay, the Russian Federation, the United States of America, Chile (on behalf of the Rio Group), Australia, the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, Morocco, Malaysia, the Republic of Korea, Belgium, Japan, Turkey, Guatemala, Mongolia, Brazil and the United [...] Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland [...]and by the observers for Spain (on behalf of the European Union), Yemen (on behalf of the Group of 77 and China), Nepal (on behalf of the Group of Least Developed Countries), Cuba, Colombia, Mexico and El Salvador. daccess-ods.un.org |
此外，以色列针对和平示威者的政策暴露了其自私自 利的压迫政策，剥夺了巴勒斯坦人言 论 自 由与和平抗议占领国的 非 法压 迫 和 奴役 的基本人权和政治权利。 daccess-ods.un.org | Furthermore, Israel’s policy of targeting peaceful protesters [...] exposes [...] a cynical, oppressive policy that denies Palestinians their basic human and political rights to freedom of expression and to peacefully protest against the occupation’s illegal oppression and subjugation. daccess-ods.un.org |
鉴于经费有限，必须提出一些节省措施，如缩短会议日程、共同提供资金、减少 工作语言、压缩文件长度、取消代表 的差旅免费待遇等。 unesdoc.unesco.org | However, given the limited funds, saving measures had to be proposed which include a reduction in length of the meetings, [...] co-funding, reduction [...] of working languages, reduction of the length of documents, and the elimination of complimentary delegates’ travel, etc. unesdoc.unesco.org |
若干代表团介绍了为在亚太区域推动 以权 利 为 本的包容残疾人的发展 而在最近采取的各种政策和方案，包括通过了反歧 视 法 、 官 方承认和推广手 语、扩大为有听力障碍人提供的教育，努力为贫困残疾人提供现金补助、以 及提供全面的医疗和康复服务。 daccess-ods.un.org | Several delegations reported on newly introduced policies and programmes to enhance rights-based disability-inclusive development in the region, including the introduction of anti-discrimination laws, official recognition [...] and promotion [...]of sign language, the expansion of education for persons with hearing impairment as well as efforts to provide cash transfers to persons with disabilities living in poverty and comprehensive medical and rehabilitation services. daccess-ods.un.org |
1994 年，大会第四十九届会议在题为“国际法委员会第四十六届会议工作报 告”的项目下，决定设立一个特设委员会，负责审查委员会拟订的国际刑事法院 规约草案所引起的主要问题，并审议召开国际 全 权代 表 会 议 以 期 缔 结一项设立国 际刑事法院的公约的各种安排(第 49/53 号决议)。 daccess-ods.un.org | At its forty-ninth session, in 1994, the General Assembly, under the item entitled “Report of the International Law Commission on the work of its forty-sixth session”, decided to establish an ad hoc committee to review the major issues arising out of the draft statute for an international criminal court prepared by the Commission, and to consider arrangements for the convening of [...] an international [...] conference of plenipotentiaries to conclude a convention on the establishment of such a court (resolution 49/53). daccess-ods.un.org |
2001 年，大会第五十六届会议在题为“国际法委员会第五十三届会议工作报 告”的项目下审议了委员会的报告第四章，其中载有关于国家对国际不法行为的 责任的条款草案，并建议大会注意到条款草案并在稍后阶段考虑是否可能召开一 次全权代表国 际会议，审查关于国家对国际 不 法 行 为的责任条款草案 ， 以 期 就此 专题缔结一项公约。 daccess-ods.un.org | At its fifty-sixth session, in 2001, the General Assembly, under the item entitled “Report of the International Law Commission on the work of its fifty-third session”, considered chapter IV of the report of the Commission, which contained the draft articles on responsibility of States for internationally wrongful acts, together with a recommendation that the Assembly take note of the draft articles and that it consider, at a later stage, the possibility of [...] convening an international [...] conference of plenipotentiaries to examine the draft articles on responsibility of States for internationally wrongful acts with a view [...]to concluding a convention on the topic. daccess-ods.un.org |
虽然委员会 根据所收到的证据，认为没必要在审议案情时讨论这一可能的违约问题，但宣布 来文可以受理 表明委员会准备考虑提交人的这些说法，并反映了 当 代 国 际 人 权法 中的 一种趋势，即不再假定地、人为地把各种权利分为不同“类别”，而认为所 有人权都是普遍的、相互依存的。 daccess-ods.un.org | While in this case the Committee, on the basis of the evidence before it, did not find it necessary to address this possible violation in its consideration of the merits, the declaration of admissibility shows that the Committee is [...] prepared to consider [...] such arguments and reflects the trend in contemporary international human rights law away from the fictitious and artificial [...]division of rights [...]into “categories” and towards the view that all human rights are universal and interdependent. daccess-ods.un.org |
他们还表示欢迎并注意到旨在帮助非洲实现千年发展目标并促进 可持续的高增长率的其他拟议倡议：“教育非洲”，以帮助非洲教育体系实现 现代 化； “培训非洲”，以发展职业教育体系，并帮助纠正非洲劳动力市场的重大供需 不匹配；“让非洲发声”，以帮助增加非洲在国际机构和论坛、主要国家集团的发 言权和参与，并以此在 全球经济政策制定中促进非洲利益。 daccess-ods.un.org | They also welcomed and took note of other proposed initiatives to help Africa to achieve the Millennium Development Goals and promote high sustainable [...] growth rates: “Educate [...] Africa”, to help to modernize education systems in Africa; “Train Africa”, to promote vocational education systems and help close a significant supply-demand mismatch in Africa’s labour markets; and “Voice Africa”, to help increase Africa’s voice and representation in international bodies and forums, main country groups, and in promoting African interests in formulating global [...]economic policies. daccess-ods.un.org |
大会第六十三届会议决定根据联合国人权事务高级专员办事处所作评价，在 大会第六十五届会议上评估关于委员会会期的情况，同时考 虑 以 更 全 面的 办 法解 决人权条约机构的积压问题和人权公约缔约国报告数量增加的问题(第 63/244 号 决议)。 daccess-ods.un.org | At its sixty-third session, the General Assembly decided to assess the situation regarding the meeting time of the Committee at its sixty-fifth session on the basis of an evaluation made by the Office of the [...] United Nations High [...] Commissioner for Human Rights, taking into account a more comprehensive approach towards the backlog of human rights treaty bodies [...]and the increasing [...]number of reports of States parties to the human rights conventions (resolution 63/244). daccess-ods.un.org |
代理主席，以上是本人謹代表法案委 員會的陳辭 ， 以 下 是 本人代表自由 黨的發言，以說出 自由黨對條例草案的立場。 legco.gov.hk | Deputy President, I have made the above remarks on behalf of the Bills Committee. I will now speak on behalf of the Liberal Party [...] to state our position in respect of this Bill. legco.gov.hk |
这些权利包 括：个人的生命权、人身自由与安全权和享有财 产 权 ， 以 及 除 了通过正 当 法 律程 序之外，这些权利不得被剥夺的权利；法律面前人人平等和受法律保护的权利； 尊重私人生活和家庭生活的权利；在公共权力机构行使职能时获得平等待遇的权 利；参加政治党派、发表政治观点的权利；父母或监护人访问为子女或受监护人 的教育自己选定的学校的权利；行动自由；良知自由和宗教信仰与实践自由；思 想和言论自 由；结社和集会自由；以及新闻自由。 daccess-ods.un.org | These are the right of the individual to life, liberty, security of the person and enjoyment of property and the right not to be deprived thereof except by due process of law; the right of equality before the law and the protection of the law; the right of respect for private and family life; the right of equality of treatment from any public authority in the exercise of any functions; the right to join political parties and to express political views; the right of a parent or guardian to access [...] a school of his own choice for the education [...]of his child or ward; freedom of movement; freedom of conscience and religious belief and observance; freedom of thought and expression; freedom of association and assembly; and freedom of the press. daccess-ods.un.org |
以色列 指出，阿拉伯利比亚民众国应履行大会第60/251 号决议规定的成员 标准，在保护人权方面做出表率； 而在现实中，其在理事会中的成员资格起到 了掩盖其在法律上和实践中一贯系统 镇 压 基 本 权 利 和 自由的作用。 daccess-ods.un.org | Israel noted that The Libyan Arab Jamahiriya should live up to the membership standards set forth in General Assembly resolution 60/251 and serve as a model in the protection of human rights; while, in reality, its membership in the Council served to cover the ongoing systemic suppression, in law and in practice, of fundamental rights and freedoms. daccess-ods.un.org |
由人权事务高级专员办事处编写的报告，载有对人权条约机构利用额外会议 时间的评估，同时考虑到以更全面办 法 处 理 人 权 条 约 机构工作 积 压以 及 各 人权公 约缔约国所提交报告日益增加的问题。 daccess-ods.un.org | Report prepared by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights containing an evaluation of the use of [...] additional meeting [...] time by the human rights treaty bodies, taking into account a more comprehensive approach to the backlog of treaty bodies [...]and the increasing [...]number of reports of States parties to the human rights conventions daccess-ods.un.org |
鉴于科学进步和技术对个人和群体日常生活的巨大影响，必须结合下述权 利来理解科学权：言论自 由，包括跨越国界寻求、接收和发出信息及各种主张的 自由；14 每个人直接或通过自由选择的代表参 与公共事务 的 权 利 ； 15 以及所有 人民的自决权利。16 还必须考虑到的是发展权( 其目的是“在全体人民和所有个 人积极、自由和有意义地参与发展及其带来的利益的公平分配的基础上，不断改 善全体人民和所有个人的福利” 的确，科学权的一个方面关系到给予个人和人民在考虑科学进步可提供的 改善及其可能的副作用或危险利用之后作出决策的机会。 daccess-ods.un.org | Given the enormous impact that scientific advances and technologies have on the daily lives of individuals and peoples, the right to science must be read in conjunction with freedom of expression, including the freedom to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers,14 the right of everyone to take part in the conduct of public affairs, directly or through freely chosen representatives,15 and the right of all peoples to self-determination.16 The right to development as the “constant improvement of the well-being of the entire population and of all individuals on the basis of their active, free and meaningful participation in development and in the fair distribution of benefits resulting therefrom”17 must also be taken into consideration. daccess-ods.un.org |
此外，在“儿童代言人：儿童的声音”试点项目基础上，《家 庭法》草案规定儿童有权拥有代言人 ， 其基本目的是在父母利益与儿童利益相反 和儿童权利得不到适当保护时，保护儿童的权利。 daccess-ods.un.org | Furthermore, on the basis of a pilot project entitled “Child advocate: voice of the child”, the [...] draft Family Code [...] defined a child’s right to an advocate, whose basic purpose was to protect a child’s rights when the interests [...]of the parents [...]were contrary to those of the child and when a child’s rights could not be adequately protected. daccess-ods.un.org |
哥伦比亚代表团提请食典委注意，程序规则第 XIV 条（语言）没有对食典委的语 言作任何区分，而且提请注意 2008－2013 年战略计划中关于促进成员最大限度和有效参 与的目标 5，并重申了平等使用语言以确保法典 过 程透明和公平的必要性。 codexalimentarius.org | The Delegation of Colombia drew the attention of the Commission to Rule XIV (Languages) of the Rules of Procedure which did not make any distinction between the languages of the Commission and to Goal 5 of the Strategic Plan 2008-2013 on promoting maximum and effective participation of members, and reasserted the need for equal treatment in the use of the languages to ensure [...] transparency and fairness in the Codex process. codexalimentarius.org |
在 2009 年 3 月 5 日第 7 次会议上，行使答辩权发言 的有：印度代表(针 对巴基 斯坦代表的发言)、朝鲜民主主义人民共和国代表(针 对日本代表的发言)、 伊朗伊斯 兰 共和国代表(针 对以色列代表的发言)、巴基 斯坦代表(针 对印度代表的 发言)、以色列代表(针 对伊朗伊斯兰共和国代表的发言)和日本代表(针 对朝鲜民主 主义人民共和国代表的发言)。 daccess-ods.un.org | At the 7th meeting, on 5 March 2009, [...] statements in exercise of the right of reply were made by the representative of India, in relation to the statement of the representative of Pakistan; the representative of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, in relation to the statement of the representative of Japan; the representative of Iran (Islamic Republic of), in relation to the statement of the representative of Israel; the representative of Pakistan, in relation to the statement of the representative [...]of India; the representative [...]of Israel, in relation to the statement of the representative of Iran (Islamic Republic of); and the representative of Japan, in relation to the statement of the representative of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. daccess-ods.un.org |
同时，值得一提的是，摩尔多瓦共和国积极 派 代 表 出 席了 2007 年 5 月 20 日在哈萨克斯坦阿拉木图召开的高级别会议：“国家发展战略和预算计划所体现 的两性平等和人权” ( 会议最后签署了关于外部援助效率的《促进哈纳高级别论坛 (2008 年)宣言》)以及 2 007 年 12 月 6 至 7 日期间由欧洲委员会组织的高级别会 议：“对受暴力侵害的妇女的社会支助服务”。 daccess-ods.un.org | In the meantime, it is worthwhile [...] mentioning the active representation of the Republic of Moldova within the High Level Conferences: “Gender Equality and human rights reflected in the national development strategies and budgetary plans”, Kazakhstan, Almaty, 20 May 2007, meeting which resulted with the signature of the Declaration as Contribution [...]for the High Level Forum [...]in Hana (2008) on the efficiency of external assistance; “Services of social support of women victims of violence”, organised by the Council of Europe in the period of 6–7 December 2007. daccess-ods.un.org |
马尔代夫人权委员会在履行职责上，继续面临一些挑战，其中包括：伊斯 兰教法的某些方面与国际人权法之间 存在矛盾；缺乏马尔代夫 人 权 委 员 会可以自 动就对人权产生影响的新立法进行磋商的制度；政府部委有忽视委员会的参与和 意见的倾向；在马尔代夫人权委员会是否 可 以代 表 受 害者出庭或者甚至向法庭提 交意见上，存在法律不确定性；以及很少吸纳国家预防机制的建议。 daccess-ods.un.org | The HRCM continues to face a number of challenges in carrying out its mandate including: tension [...] between certain [...] aspects of Shari’ah law and international human rights law; lack of an established system under which HRCM is automatically consulted on new legislation impacting on human rights; tendency for government departments to ignore the Commission’s input and opinions; legal uncertainty as to whether HRCM can appear in court on behalf of victims, or [...]even submit opinions [...]to the courts; and very low take-up of NPM recommendations. daccess-ods.un.org |
不这样做就等于是接受了违 反法治和人权的做法，从而使得侵略和族裔清洗的结 果合法化， 或者换句话说，就等于表明武力 可 以压倒 正义。 daccess-ods.un.org | To proceed otherwise would be tantamount [...] to accepting the consequences of breaches of the rule of law and human rights and thus legitimizing the results of aggression and ethnic cleansing or, [...]in other [...]words, would be the illustration of the prevalence of force over justice. daccess-ods.un.org |
在过渡时期，社会有意识地努力以较 民 主的制度 取 代压 迫 制 度，这提供了 将国际人权标准纳入国内制度的机会。 daccess-ods.un.org | Transition periods, where societies make a [...] conscious effort to replace a repressive system with a more democratic one, offer windows of opportunity to incorporate international human rights standards into domestic [...]systems. daccess-ods.un.org |
她承认，埃塞俄比亚政府可以做更 多工作 来巩固对于人权的尊重，但政府出于其他目的制订立 法，例如打击恐怖主义，并不是为了将法律作为破坏 民主和法治的手段，或是作为压制人民人权的工具。 daccess-ods.un.org | While she acknowledged that her [...] Government could do more to consolidate respect for human rights, it did not introduce legislation for other purposes — such as for combating terrorism — as an instrument to undermine democracy and the rule of law, or to suppress the human rights of its people. [...] daccess-ods.un.org |
确保新《刑法》保 障伊朗作为签署国的《公 民 权 利 和政 治 权 利 国际公 约》所保障的各项权利，尤其是界定或消除可受政治操纵的各种罪行，如所 谓的“危害国家和国际安全罪”这一目前被用 于 压 制 言 论 、集会和结社自由 的罪名(联合王国) daccess-ods.un.org | Ensure that the new Penal Code safeguards the rights guaranteed by ICCPR, to which Iran is a signatory, in particular by defining or removing offences open to political manipulation, such as so-called “offences against national and international security”, currently used to curtail freedom of expression, assembly and [...] association (United Kingdom) daccess-ods.un.org |
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