| 单词 | 中气层 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 中气层 —mesosphereupper atmosphereExamples:中气层顶—mesopause • top of mesosphere See also:中层 adj—middle adj 中层 n—mid-level n 中层—middle-ranking
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水蒸汽 温室气体中最大量的是大气层中以气 态 呈 现的 水。 on-the-move.org | The most abundant greenhouse gas, it is the water [...] present in the atmosphere in gaseous form. on-the-move.org |
大气层试验是指在大气层中或大气层 以上发生的爆炸。 un.org | Atmospheric testing refers to explosions which take place in or above the atmosphere. un.org |
我们现在必须接受这样一个令人不安的现实：大 气层中存在如此多二氧化碳，严重影响现在已不可避 免，我们必须做好准备。 daccess-ods.un.org | We must now come to terms with an unsettling reality: there is so much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere that serious impacts are now unavoidable, and we must prepare. daccess-ods.un.org |
第三、应该有必要提到在大气层中造 成 环境损害的不同方式；第一个方式是“在 大 气层中 引 入 (有害)物质”，另一个 方式是“大气层中组成平衡的交替”。 daccess-ods.un.org | Third, it should be necessary to refer to the different [...] modalities of the environmental [...] damage in the atmosphere; one is the introduction of (deleterious) substances into the atmosphere and another the alternation in the balance of composition of the atmosphere. daccess-ods.un.org |
达到峰 值后降到极低水平，到 21 世纪中期降到远远低于 2000 [...] 年水平的一半以下，这样才 能使温室气体在大气层 中的浓度稳定在气专委迄今在其设想 情 [...]景 中所估 定的最低 水平上。 daccess-ods.un.org | global emissions of GHGs need to peak in the next 10–15 years13 and be reduced to very low levels, well below half of levels in 2000 by the middle of the twenty-first [...] century in order to stabilize their [...] concentrations in the atmosphere at the lowest [...]levels assessed by the IPCC to date in its scenarios. daccess-ods.un.org |
虽然报告的损失量并不大，但这种概念不符合《议定书》的环保目标：如果 不计算弥补损失的产量，CFC 生产厂家就不会有减少这种损失的积极性，从而不会减少大 气层中的 CFC 排放量。 multilateralfund.org | Although the loss reported was insignificant, the concept did not promote the environmental goal of the Protocol: if filling losses were not accounted for, [...] there would be no incentive to CFC producers to [...] reduce such losses and thereby reduce emissions of CFCs into the atmosphere. multilateralfund.org |
有些与会者认为消耗臭氧层物质的处置问题对于第 5 条缔约方处理有可能被排放到 大气中的无用的消耗臭氧层物质 极其重要。 multilateralfund.org | The ODS disposal issue was considered by [...] some as crucial for Article 5 countries in dealing with [...] unwanted ODS that might otherwise be released into the atmosphere. multilateralfund.org |
由于长期工作方案规划组在整个五年期所开展的工作，委员会决定在其长 期工作方案中纳入以下专题：“习惯国际法的形成与证据”，“保护 大 气层 ”， “条约的临时适用”，“国际投资法 律 中 的 公 正和公平待遇标准”，及“武装冲 突所涉及的保护环境问题”(第十三章，A.1 节)。 daccess-ods.un.org | As a result of the work undertaken throughout the quinquennium by the Working Group on the Long-Term Programme of Work, the Commission decided to include in its long-term programme of work the following topics: “Formation and evidence of [...] customary [...] international law”, “Protection of the atmosphere”, “Provisional application of treaties”, “The fair and [...]equitable treatment [...]standard in international investment law”, and “Protection of the environment in relation to armed conflicts” (chap. XIII, sect. A.1). daccess-ods.un.org |
(d) 绘制太阳风与行星磁层之间磁层互感作 用时间变化图 对行星高层大气中的积能的有关机 制进行研究 以求更好地了解地球的大气层现象和 磁层现象 neutrino.aquaphoenix.com | (d) To produce a time chart of magnetospheric interactions [...] between the solar wind and planetary [...] magnetospheres, as well as to investigate the associated mechanisms for deposition energy in the upper atmospheres of the planets, [...]leading to a better understanding [...]of atmospheric and magnetospheric phenomena on Earth neutrino.aquaphoenix.com |
为一个新的有效载荷进行导弹再入大 气层 飞 行 器重新设计活动，该载荷 被评定属于核的性质：开展涉及将常规高能炸药有效载荷从“流星-3” 型导弹中移出并用球形核有效载荷取而代之的设计工作和模拟研究。 daccess-ods.un.org | Missile re-entry vehicle [...] redesign activities for a new payload assessed as being nuclear in nature: conducting design work and modelling studies involving the removal of the conventional high explosive payload [...]from the warhead of [...]the Shahab-3 missile and replacing it with a spherical nuclear payload. daccess-ods.un.org |
利用特别数据（美国国家海洋与大 气层 管 理 局高分辨图像传送卫星的热成 像）、空中测量 数据（使用热像仪获取的热成像）和陆上测量数据（使用红外热 温度计对红外热辐射温度进行点测量，并使用接触式探头进行表层温度测量）， [...] 以及使用热像仪获取关于地面和主要高度的热成像，已经确定了最低温度，通 [...] 过空间区划拟订了专题图（空间图），从而能够对与旱灾和森林火灾有关的不同 现象加以研究，对土地覆盖的物理特征的变化情况进行量化和监测。 daccess-ods.un.org | With the use of special data (thermal images from the NOAA High Rate Picture Transmission (HRPT) [...] satellites), aerial data (thermal images [...]obtained with thermovisors) and land-based data (point measurements of infrared (IR)-thermal radiation temperature taken with IR-thermal thermometers and surface temperature measurements taken with contact probes) and thermal images obtained with thermovisors from the ground and dominant heights, the lowest-level temperature has been determined and, by means of spatial zoning, a thematic map (space map) has been elaborated, which will make it possible to study, inter alia, dissimilar phenomena associated with drought and forest fires and to quantify and monitor changes in the physical characteristics of the land cover. daccess-ods.un.org |
与“IGBP-IHDP-WCRP 全球碳项目”合办了一个试办项目，来开发一个海洋碳活动网 [...] 络中央信息系统，以及共同筹备和举办国际研讨班，目的是收集有关当前和未来海洋碳研究 和观测活动的资料，对海洋碳研究中 的 工作空白或重复劳动以及需要更多地开展适当的 大气 层及/或陆地碳研究的领域做出综合评估，并对如何优化国际海洋碳研究与观测提出建议， 来达到根据这些综合评估所制定的科学和观测目标。 unesdoc.unesco.org | A pilot project collaboration was launched with the IGBP-IHDP-WCRP Global Carbon Project to develop a central web-based system of information about ocean carbon activities, and to jointly develop and implement international workshops to gather information about ongoing and planned ocean carbon research and observation activities, to produce syntheses of gaps and duplications in ocean carbon [...] activities and areas [...] requiring increased integration with appropriate atmospheric and/or terrestrial carbon activities, and to produce [...]recommendations [...]to optimize international ocean carbon research and observations to meet scientific and observational objectives based on these syntheses. unesdoc.unesco.org |
有意见认为，应进一步强调质量和可靠性保证，包括飞行任务的保证，避 免载人空间系统在轨道运行时和载人空间系统的运载火箭升空阶 段 中 发 生 在轨 碰撞；加强空间物体再入大气层时的 地面安全；共享有关清除碎片的知识；推 广空间环境监测、建模和预报网络；并开发设计技术。 daccess-ods.un.org | The view was expressed that quality and reliability assurance, including mission assurance, should be further emphasized, as well as avoidance of in-orbit collision during orbital operation and during the ascent phase of launch vehicles for manned space systems; increasing ground safety with regard to re-entering objects; sharing knowledge on debris removal; promoting networks for monitoring, modelling and forecasting the space environment; and the development of design technologies. daccess-ods.un.org |
这些最新研 究 表明，能源系 统 需要实现一次大的转型 ，以实现将大气层 中的温室气体稳 定在 550ppm。 daccess-ods.un.org | These recent studies demonstrate that a major transition in the energy system is needed to achieve stabilization of GHGs in the atmosphere at 550 ppm. daccess-ods.un.org |
组织法》还规定，禁止向大气层释放 有毒气体、烟雾、废物、烟尘和其他 任何化学物质，并禁止在水以及可能威胁公共卫生的任何地点和生物资 源 中倾 弃、消除和浸入任何化学物质(第 88 和 89 条)。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Organic Law goes further by prohibiting release into the atmosphere of poisonous gases, smoke, waste, soot, dust and any other chemical substances in an illegal manner, together with prohibiting [...] dumping, eliminating and immersing [...]any chemical substance in water and in any other place where it may threaten general health and biological resources (articles 88 and 89). daccess-ods.un.org |
它们是：大气中四氯化碳浓 2 度的测量，多数在低层大气（对流层 ） ，在 高 层大气 （平流层下部）有 一 些辅助测量；《 蒙 特利尔议定书》第 7 条下提供的关于国家四氯化碳消费量的报告，以及来自行业来源和国 家与执行机构提交给秘书处的项目数据中包含的行业生产量和使用量的报告。 multilateralfund.org | They are: measurements of CTC [...] concentrations in the atmosphere, largely in the lower atmosphere (troposphere) with some supporting measurements in the upper atmosphere (lower stratosphere); reports [...]on national CTC consumption [...]provided under Article 7 of the Montreal Protocol, and; reports of 2 industrial production and use, available from industry sources and also contained in project data provided to the Secretariat by countries and implementing agencies. multilateralfund.org |
大多数缔约 方提到气专委所设想的稳定化情景， 其 中 最 常提到的是能够将 大 气层 温 室 气体浓度 限制在 450ppm 的情景。 daccess-ods.un.org | Most Parties referred to the IPCC stabilization scenarios, with most frequent references to the scenario that would limit greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations in the atmosphere at 450 ppm. daccess-ods.un.org |
该代表忆及，在主题为“为子孙后代保 护大气层”的 研讨会上已经强调控制氢氟碳化合物的重要性，因此也表示强烈 支持将该项目留在议程中，并召开一次非正式联络小组会议予以讨论。 conf.montreal-protocol.org | Recalling that the importance of [...] control of HFCs had been underscored during the seminar on protecting our atmosphere for generations to come, the representative also expressed strong support [...]for maintaining the [...]proposed amendments on the agenda and discussing them in a formal contact group. conf.montreal-protocol.org |
食物垃圾分解时产生甲烷，其在大 气层中 捕 获 的热量至少是二氧化碳的 21 倍，是非常有害的温室气体。 emerson.com | As food waste decomposes, it [...] emits methane, a greenhouse gas that’s at [...]least 21 times more harmful than CO2 in trapping heat in the atmosphere. emerson.com |
尽管《联合国气候变化框架 [...] 公约》的《京都议定书》为控制温室气体作了规定，但 大 气层中 氢 氟 碳化合物 的浓度在大幅升高，威胁着业已取得的气候惠益。 conf.montreal-protocol.org | Despite the regulation of greenhouse gases under the [...] Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework [...] Convention on Climate Change, the concentration [...]in the atmosphere of one, hydrofluorocarbons [...](HFCs), was rising dramatically, threatening the climate benefits already gained. conf.montreal-protocol.org |
采 用Catapac，床层中的粒径分布比布袋装填以及其它密相装填 方法更均匀，因此避免了催化剂床 层中 出 现压力梯度（这会导 致结焦或产生气体）。 china.axens.net | With Catapac, particle distribution in the bed is more homogeneous than with sock and other [...] dense loading [...] methods, thereby avoiding pressure gradients in the catalyst bed, which could lead to coking [...]or gas production. japan.axens.net |
虽然“污染者必须赔偿”的原则已经在许多国家的环境立 法 中 被 赋 予法律的 效力，但来自大气层、土 壤和水的各种环境服务仍然主要被人视为全球共有的一 部分“免费物品”，既没有定价，对环境和社会造成损害的代价也还没有纳入生 [...] 产成本和价格之中。 daccess-ods.un.org | Although the Polluter Pays Principle has been given legal force in environmental [...] legislation in many [...] countries, environmental services from the atmosphere, soil and water are still mainly [...]regarded as part of the [...]global commons of “free goods” that are not priced and the costs of damage to the environment and society are still not integrated into production costs and prices. daccess-ods.un.org |
大气层中的碳 可通过自然流程被吸收：花草树木可 通过光合作用吸收碳，而海洋则可吸收溶解的二氧 [...] 化碳。 teebweb.org | Atmospheric carbon is sequestered [...] through natural processes; plants and trees take up carbon through the action of photosynthesis [...]whilst the oceans soak up carbon dioxide in a dissolved form. teebweb.org |
该协议必须包括从现在到 2012 年及其 [...] 后的一揽子缓解活动，规定从长远上将 大 气层中 温室 气体的浓度稳定在远低于百万分之 [...]350 的二氧化碳当 量水平；以工业化前的水平为基准，将全球平均地表 温度的升幅控制在远低于 1.5 摄氏度的范围内；并规 [...]定全球温室气体排放量于 2015 年达到峰值，其后逐 年下降。 daccess-ods.un.org | Such an agreement must include a package of mitigation activities now, up to and beyond [...] 2012 that provides for the long-term [...] stabilization of atmospheric greenhouse gas [...]concentrations at well below 350 parts [...]per million carbon dioxide-equivalent levels; limits global average surface temperature increases to well below 1.5 degrees centigrade above pre-industrial levels; and provides for global greenhouse gas emissions to peak by 2015 and decline thereafter. daccess-ods.un.org |
面对这种威胁，近年来，《蒙特利尔议定书》 [...] 缔约方和多边基金加紧努力，防止这些无用消耗臭氧层物质释放到 大 气层中。 multilateralfund.org | In responding to this threat, the Parties to the Montreal Protocol [...] and the MLF have in the recent years increased their efforts to prevent releases of these [...] unwanted ODS to the atmosphere. multilateralfund.org |
虽然上述协议是直线前进的惰性条件下，一些常见故障排除程序是：（一）确保焦磷酸钾，脱气和干，（b）如钐金属有长期暴露在 空 气中 ， 它 可能有一个 外 层 氧 化，用研钵和pestal清洁的金属表面暴露的金属研磨，（三）火焰干燥所有玻璃器皿和冷却的氩气下，（四）随着氮，优选氩气惰性气氛中作为购买已被证明与该金属相互作用，（e）在存在下，过量的金属的Sm-有助于保持SMI的浓度如图2所示 [...] ，（六）resublime的碘晶体。 jove.com | While the above protocol is straight forward when done under inert conditions, some of the common troubleshooting [...] procedures are: (a) make sure the THF is [...] properly degassed and dry, (b) if Sm metal has had prolonged exposure to air it could have an oxidized outside layer, grind the metal [...]with a mortar and pestal [...]to expose the clean metal surface, (c) flame-dry all glassware and cool under argon, (d) argon is preferred inert atmosphere over Nitrogen, as the later has been shown to interact with the metal, (e) The presence of excess Sm-metal helps to maintain the concentration of SmI2, (f) resublime the iodine crystals. jove.com |
我们的气候是由不同气体之间的平衡掌控着，这些气体吸收 大 气层中 的 热 量，如水蒸气、燃烧燃料排 放的二氧化碳及甲烷。 on-the-move.org | Our climate is regulated by a balance of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere such as water vapour, carbon dioxide and methane. on-the-move.org |
公司主要生产全棉、CVC、T/C、T/R、人棉、涤纶、莫代尔、竹纤维、天丝……原料的汗布、氨纶汗布、鱼鳞布、氨纶鱼鳞布、珠地网眼、单面小提花、双面平布、 空 气层 、 健 康布、罗马布、网眼布、华夫格、法式罗文、斜纹布、氨纶 空 气层 、 氨纶平布、粗细针、小提花布、罗纹布、毛巾布、天鹅鹅绒、摇粒绒、蚂蚁布、不倒绒、金光绒、珊瑚绒、羊羔绒、长毛绒......其产品远销北美、欧洲 、 中 东 、 东南亚等30多个国家。 lizhongda.com | The company mainly produces cotton, CVC, T / C, T / R, were cotton, polyester, modal, bamboo fiber, Tencel ... ... raw [...] material cloth, spandex [...] cloth, scale cloth, spandex Ichthyosis cloth, beads to the mesh, one-sided small jacquard, two-sided plain cloth, air layer, health cloth,Rome cloth, mesh cloth, Howard Lattice, French Luo, twill cloth, spandex air layer, spandex plain cloth, needle size, small jacquard fabrics, rib fabrics, towel cloth, swan goose, polar fleece, ant [...]cloth, will not be brought [...]down velvet, golden velvet, coral velvet, lamb, plush ...... its products are exported to North America, Europe, Middle East, Southeast Asia more than 30 countries. lizhongda.com |
由于这些变化，海岸与海洋栖息地发生显著改 变，陆地与海洋物种的中毒率上升， 大 气中 氮 及甲 烷浓度增加，大量臭氧层遭到 破坏，气温异常上升， 重大洪水及自然灾害日益频繁，热带雨林被严重破 坏。 daccess-ods.un.org | Those changes led to dramatic coastal and marine habitat alteration, significant increases in rates of intoxication of terrestrial and marine species, increased nitrogen [...] and methane concentration [...] in the atmosphere, significant loss of the ozone layer, unusual increase in temperature, [...]greater [...]frequency of major floods and natural disasters and significant loss of tropical forests. daccess-ods.un.org |
除了生成地球大气层中一半 的氧气外，海洋浮游 植物还产生有机物质，这些有机物质决定着生态系统 的承载能力，维系着到鱼类和海洋哺乳动物以及最终 到人类消费这一食物链。 daccess-ods.un.org | In addition to producing half the oxygen in the Earth’s atmosphere, marine phytoplankton produce the organic matter that determines the carrying capacity of the ecosystem sustaining the food web to fish and marine mammals, and ultimately human consumption. daccess-ods.un.org |
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