| 单词 | 不逮捕特权 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | 不逮捕特权 —the right of immunity from arrest afforded by the Taiwan ROC |
关于侵 犯言论自由和宗教信仰自由的问题，厄 立 特 里 亚 应当废除其宗教禁令 ， 不 再 逮捕 其他 宗教的信徒；不再歧视耶和华见证会。 daccess-ods.un.org | Regarding the violation of freedom [...] of opinion and worship, Eritrea should repeal its ban [...] on religions, cease its practice of arresting individuals who meet and practise [...]other [...]faiths, and end discrimination against Jehovah’s Witnesses. daccess-ods.un.org |
除其他外，《基本法》做出以下规定：不得侵犯任何人的生命、身体或尊 严；不得侵犯他人财产；所有人都有权享有对其生命、身体和尊严的保护 ； 不得 以监禁、逮捕、引 渡或其他方式剥夺或限制他人自由(除非法律另有规定)；不得 违犯本《基本法》规定的各项权利， 除非经由 为 特 定 目 的颁布的符合以色列国价 值观的法律，且不得超过所需程度。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Basic Law stipulates, inter alia, the following: There shall be no violation of the life, body or dignity of any person as such; There shall be no violation of the property of a [...] person; All persons are entitled to protection of their life, body and dignity; There shall be no deprivation or restriction of the liberty of a person by [...] imprisonment, arrest, extradition or otherwise (unless as provided by law); There shall be no violation of rights under this Basic Law except by a law befitting the values of the State of Israel, enacted for a proper [...]purpose, and to an extent no greater than is required. daccess-ods.un.org |
这些原则和准则并不核可任何特定的 模式，而是鼓励各国保障被拘留者、 被逮捕者a 或被监禁者、涉嫌b 或被控告或被指控刑事犯罪的人获得法律援助的基 本权利， 同时将法律援助扩大为列入与刑事司法系统有所接触的其他人并以多 种方式提供法律援助计划。 daccess-ods.un.org | The Principles and Guidelines do not endorse any specific model but encourage States to guarantee the basic right to legal aid of persons detained, arresteda or imprisoned, suspectedbor accused of, or charged with [...] a criminal offence, while expanding [...]legal aid to include others who come into contact with the criminal justice system and diversifying legal aid delivery schemes. daccess-ods.un.org |
新《宪法》(2008 年 8 月 7 日获得批准)保证公民权利、政治权利和基本自 由。除其他外，其中包括：生命权； 不 受 歧视的权利；公正和公开审判权 ； 不受 任 意拘留的权利；保释权；免于被迫招供权利；获得法律援助的权利；禁止酷刑 或有辱人格的待遇；上诉权利； 因为遭受非 法 逮捕 或 拘留而获得赔偿 的 权 利 ； 投 票(投票年龄降至 18 岁)和担任公职的权利；见解和言论自由；隐私权；知情 权；结社自由；集会自由；移徙自由；以及向包括儿童、青少年、老年人及 有特 需的人在内的弱势群体提供特别保护。 daccess-ods.un.org | The new Constitution (ratified on 7 August 2008) guarantees civil and political rights and fundamental freedoms including, inter alia: the right to life; right to nondiscrimination; right to fair and public trials; protection from [...] arbitrary detention; right to bail; freedom [...] from forced confession; right to legal aid; prohibition of torture or degrading treatment; right to appeal; access to compensation for unlawful arrest or detention; right to vote (voting age reduced to 18) and to hold public office; freedom of opinion and expression; right to privacy; right to information; freedom of association; freedom of assembly; freedom of movement; and provision of special protection to vulnerable groups, including children, adolescents, elders, and people with special needs. daccess-ods.un.org |
他还对以下问题表示关切：依靠特殊 权 力 逮捕 和 拘 留的 恐怖主义嫌犯，然后被纳入反恐法律普通刑罚体系，采 用 不 经 审 讯进行行政拘留 这一违反国际规范的做法，使用非正式的拘留设施，恐怖主义嫌犯遭受酷刑的风 险大，以及缺乏调查和问责。 daccess-ods.un.org | He also expressed, inter alia, concern about relying on exceptional powers in relation to arrest and detention of terrorist suspects that were then inserted [...] into the ordinary penal [...]framework of an anti-terrorism law, the practice of administrative detention without trial in violation of international norms and the use of unofficial detention facilities, the daccess-ods.un.org |
类似问题也出现在逮捕做法上，特别 是 由于规则执 行 不协 调。 daccess-ods.un.org | Similar problems are [...] present in the practice of arrest, especially due to the uncoordinated implementation [...]of rules. daccess-ods.un.org |
然而，若考虑行使普遍管辖权的国家刑事司法当局有 重大理由认为，嫌疑人或受害者的领土国和国籍国显然不愿意或无能力起诉嫌疑 人，而且嫌疑人是行使代表国家职能的外国国家官员，则国家刑事司法当局应设 法下达出庭传票，或采取同等措施， 而 不 是 下 达 逮捕 令 ， 以便嫌疑人能够出庭， 并在律师协助下，提供一切其掌握的证明无罪的证据。 daccess-ods.un.org | However, where the national criminal justice authorities considering exercising universal jurisdiction have serious reasons to believe that the territorial State and the State of nationality of the suspect or the victims are manifestly unwilling or unable to [...] prosecute the suspect, and the suspect [...] is a foreign State official exercising a representative function on behalf of his or her State, they should seek and issue a summons to appear or equivalent measure, rather than an arrest warrant, to enable the suspect to appear before the court and to produce, with the assistance of counsel, any exculpatory evidence in his or her possession. daccess-ods.un.org |
各缔约国应界定并限制私营军事和保安公司的活动范围，并明确禁止将被定 义为国家固有职能的职能外包给私营军事和保安公司，这些职能包括：直接参与 [...] 敌对行动；发动战争和/或作战行动；接收囚犯；制定法律；间谍；情报；转让 [...] 有军事、安全和治安用途的知识；使用大规模毁灭性武器及其他有关活动；警察 的权力，特别是逮捕或拘 留的权力，包括审问被拘留者的权力；以及缔约国视为 国家固有职能的其他职能。 daccess-ods.un.org | Each State party shall define and limit the scope of activities of PMSCs and specifically prohibit the outsourcing to PMSCs of functions which are defined as inherently State functions, including direct participation in hostilities, waging war and/or combat operations, taking prisoners, law-making, espionage, intelligence, knowledge transfer with military, security and policing application, use of and other activities related to [...] weapons of mass destruction, [...] police powers, especially the powers of arrest or detention including [...]the interrogation of [...]detainees, and other functions that a State party considers to be inherently State functions. daccess-ods.un.org |
这些职能 包括：直接参与敌对行动、发动战争和(或)作战行动、接收囚犯、制定 [...] 法律、间谍、情报、转让有军事、安全和治安用途的知识、大规模毁灭 性武器的使用及其他有关活动、警察 的 权 力( 特 别 是 逮捕 或 拘 留的权力， 包括审问被拘留者的权力)，以及缔约国视为国家固有的其他职能。 daccess-ods.un.org | Among such functions are direct participation in hostilities, waging war and/or combat operations, taking prisoners, law-making, espionage, intelligence, knowledge transfer with military, security and policing application, use of and other activities related to [...] weapons of mass destruction and [...] police powers, especially the powers of arrest or detention including [...]the interrogation of [...]detainees and other functions that a State Party considers as inherently State functions. daccess-ods.un.org |
根据这些条 款，除非依法规定的情形和条件，任何 人 不 得 被 拘留 、 逮捕 或 剥 夺自由，或其个 人自由受到任何形式的限制；如果面临监禁措施、住院决定或者旨在限制个人自 由的任何其他措施的人认为措施是非法的，那么他/她 有 权 在 整个刑事诉讼期间 依法诉诸相关法庭；任何人在刑事诉讼期间被非法或不公正地剥夺自由，或者他 /她的自由遭到限制，都有权依法获得有效补救。 daccess-ods.un.org | According to those articles no person [...] can be retained, arrested or deprived of liberty or submitted to any form of restraint of his/her individual freedom except according to the cases and conditions stipulated by the law; if a person subject to confinement measures, to a decision of hospitalization or any other measure aimed at restraining the individual freedom considers that the measure is illegal, he/she has the right, during the entire [...]proceedings of the criminal [...]trial, to address the competent instance, according to the law; any person, who during a criminal trial, has been illegally or unjustly deprived of his/her freedom or whose freedom has been restrained, has the right to effective remedy, as stipulated by the law. daccess-ods.un.org |
双方限制及侵犯了多项权利和自由，其中包括生命权、见解和言论自由、 [...] 担任公职权、自由结社权、和平集会权、个人生活受到尊重的权利、享有自由和 人身安全的权利、不被任意逮捕或拘 留的权利、免受任意或非法干涉私人事务、 家庭事务、住宅或书信的权利、免遭酷刑或侵犯人的尊严的有辱人格待遇的权利、 [...] 接收和传输信息的权利以及新闻自由的权利。 daccess-ods.un.org | Both sides curtailed and infringed several rights and freedoms, including the right to life; the right to freedom of opinion and expression; the right to assume public office; the right to freedom of association; the right of peaceful assembly; the right to [...] respect for private life; the right to liberty and security of [...] person; the right not to be subjected to arbitrary arrest or detention; the [...]right not to be subjected [...]to arbitrary or unlawful interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence; the right not to be subjected to torture or to degrading treatment that violates human dignity; the right to receive and impart information; and freedom of the press. daccess-ods.un.org |
(b) 根据其国际义务，采取一切必要步骤，确 保 因刑事罪名被逮捕或羁押的 人有权迅速面见法官或法律授权行使审判权力的其他人员，并确保在合理时间内 出庭受审或获释，并在这方面采取一切必要步骤，确保因 被 逮捕 或 羁 押而被剥夺 自由者不论在何处被捕或被羁押，均 有 权 向 法 院提起诉讼，以便法院从速决定对 其羁押是否合法并在羁押行为不合法的情况下命令将其释放 daccess-ods.un.org | (b) To take all steps necessary to ensure the right of anyone arrested or detained on a criminal charge to be brought promptly [...] before a judge or other officer authorized by law [...] to exercise judicial power, and the right to trial within a reasonable time or release, and in that regard to take all necessary steps to ensure the right of any person deprived of liberty by arrest or detention, regardless of the place of arrest or detention, to bring proceedings before [...]court, [...]in order that the court may decide without delay on the lawfulness of his or her detention and order his or her release if the detention is not lawful, in accordance with their international obligations daccess-ods.un.org |
(b) 确保现有法律不以歧视性方式得以执行，不导致基于宗教或信仰的歧 视，确保各自管辖范围内无人因宗教或信仰而被剥夺生命权、人身自由或人身安 全权利，确保无人因此遭受酷刑或其他残忍 、 不 人 道 或有辱人格的待遇或处罚， 或被任意逮捕或拘 留，并将所有侵犯这 些 权 利 的行为人绳之以法 daccess-ods.un.org | (b) To ensure that existing legislation is not implemented in a discriminatory manner or does not result in discrimination based on religion or belief, that no one within their jurisdiction is deprived of the right to life, liberty or security of person because of [...] religion or belief and [...] that no one is subjected to torture or other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, or arbitrary arrest or detention on that account and to bring to justice all perpetrators of violations of these rights daccess-ods.un.org |
尽管 2009 年 1 月逮捕劳伦 特·恩孔 达将军使全国保卫人民大会内部出 现 不 合 ， 但所有前全国保卫人民大会 军官都承认他们有共同利益，因此达成和解，在有关方面 2010 年 9 月首次试图 将其军官和部队部署到南北基伍以外时，反对这样做。 daccess-ods.un.org | Laurent Nkunda, all ex-CNDP officers acknowledged their common interest and reconciled in opposition to redeployment [...] of their officers [...]and troops outside the Kivus since the first attempts to do so in September 2010. daccess-ods.un.org |
任意逮捕和拘禁特别令 人关切，因为它通常是进一步侵犯 人 权 行 为 的先兆。 daccess-ods.un.org | Arbitrary arrest and detention is of particular concern, since it is often a precursor for further human rights violations. daccess-ods.un.org |
(a) 确保不逮捕和/ 或拘留非法入境/ 滞留和在庇护程序结束之前实际上有权 在缔 约国寻求庇护和滞留的无陪伴儿童、难民和寻求庇护儿童 daccess-ods.un.org | (a) To ensure that unaccompanied children, [...] refugees and asylum-seeking [...] children are not arrested and/or detained because of illegal entry/stay and have effectively the right to seek asylum and [...]to stay in the State [...]party until the end of asylum procedures daccess-ods.un.org |
巴西承认朝鲜与世界粮食计划 署的合作，承认朝鲜采纳了开发署的建议，但是认 为无论如何，朝鲜的人权状况 仍旧令人担忧，尤其 是以下问题：非法逮捕、不人道 的监禁条件、公开 执行死刑、强迫劳动、不尊重言论和结社自由。 daccess-ods.un.org | Brazil recognized that the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea was cooperating with the World Food Programme and had renewed its contacts with the United Nations [...] Development Programme [...] (UNDP), but the human rights situation in that country was still a matter of concern, especially the arbitrary arrests, inhumane conditions [...]of detention, public [...]executions, forced labour and lack of respect for the freedom of expression and association. daccess-ods.un.org |
但是，尽管作出这些姿态，邦 特兰沿海的海盗活动仍有增无减，海盗的高级头目仍逍遥法外，显 然 不 惧 遭 到逮 捕，邦特兰当局在有些情况下还为海盗民兵提供保护。 daccess-ods.un.org | In spite of these gestures, however, pirate activity off the coast of Puntland has increased, senior pirate leaders [...] remain at liberty and without [...] apparent fear of arrest, and in some cases the Puntland authorities [...]have extended protection to pirate militias. daccess-ods.un.org |
该协会还提到 任意逮捕和拘留巴特瓦人以及不熟悉 现有法律救济的问题。 daccess-ods.un.org | Arbitrary arrest and detention of Batwa, as well as the lack of [...] awareness of existing legal remedies, were also mentioned by the Association. daccess-ods.un.org |
3 月 29 日，西蒙娜·巴博的一名律师 被科特迪瓦当局逮捕，后 来被指控威胁国 家 权 力 、 阴谋破坏国家权力及威胁国家 领土完整，并于 4 月 17 日被移交到阿比让主要监狱。 daccess-ods.un.org | On 29 March, one of [...] the lawyers of Simone Gbagbo was arrested by Ivorian authorities and subsequently [...]charged with threatening State authority, plotting against State authority and threatening the integrity [...]of national territory, and transferred to the main Abidjan prison on 17 April. daccess-ods.un.org |
绝食者勇敢 地呼吁关注以色列的一切非法和滥权 行 径 以及非法的行政拘留做法，并敦促国际 社会采取行动，迫使占领国以色列停止这些令人悲叹的做法并释放数以千计被非 人道地关押在监狱和拘留中心的巴勒斯坦平民，包括儿童、妇女和民选官员，由 于以色列日夜不停的逮捕行动 ，他们的人数每一天都在增加。 daccess-ods.un.org | The hunger strikers are bravely aiming to call attention to all of these illegal, abusive Israeli practices along with the illegal practice of administrative detention and to urge the international [...] community to take action to compel Israel, [...] the occupying Power, to cease these deplorable practices and to release the thousands of Palestinian civilians, including children, women and elected officials, that it is inhumanely holding in captivity in its prisons and detention centres, and to whose ranks Israel continues to add every single day with its ongoing arrest campaign. daccess-ods.un.org |
以下各种权利也遭到了侵犯：生命权 ； 不 遭 受任 意 逮捕 和 拘 留的 权利； 不遭受酷刑和其他残忍、不人道或有辱人格的待遇或处罚的权利；不被剥 夺遭受严重侵犯人权行为后获得有效补救的权利。 daccess-ods.un.org | Other violations relate to: the right to life; [...] the right not to be subjected to arbitrary arrest and detention; the right not to be [...]subjected to torture and [...]other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment; and the right not to be denied effective remedy for serious violations of human rights. daccess-ods.un.org |
法律程序确保公平，比如尊 重被告的法律决定，被告有辩护权， 有 权 在 逮捕 、 调 查和复查各阶段挑选律师， 检察官有权在初步调查、审判和上级法院最后裁决期间对裁决提出抗辩，以及可 撤消逮捕令、推迟逮捕、在特殊情 况下对少年犯罪撤案和一贯坚持无罪推定等手 段。 daccess-ods.un.org | Legal proceedings, such as legal decisions by the [...] accused and regulations such as the right of defense and to select a lawyer in [...] different stages of arrest, investigations and review and the right to protest decisions by Prosecutor Office during initial investigations, during trial and final ruling by the higher courts, and having such tools as suspension of arrest warrant, delaying the arrest, expunging the case under special circumstances for [...]minor offences and always [...]assuming presumption of innocence are ways to ensure fairness. daccess-ods.un.org |
评注指出，使用火器是极端措施，应该仅限于“除非嫌疑犯进行 武装抵抗或以其他方式威胁到他人生命，而其他较不极端的措 施 不 足 以 制服 或逮 捕嫌疑犯”的特殊情况。 daccess-ods.un.org | It states that the use of firearms is an extreme measure and is to be limited to the exceptional circumstances where “a suspected offender offers armed resistance or otherwise [...] jeopardizes the lives of others and less extreme [...] measures are not sufficient to restrain or apprehend the suspected offender”. daccess-ods.un.org |
/ 或战斗行动，逮捕囚犯，制定法律，间谍，情报，具有军事、 安全和警务用途的知识转让，与大规模毁灭性武器有关的活动，警 察 权 力 ， 特别 是逮捕或拘留权，包括审讯被拘留者。 daccess-ods.un.org | Among such functions, consistent with the principle of State monopoly on the legitimate use of force, are the direct participation in hostilities, waging war and/or combat operations, taking prisoners, law-making, espionage, intelligence, knowledge transfer with military, security and policing application, use of, and other activities related to, [...] weapons of mass destruction [...] and police powers, especially the powers of arrest or detention including [...]the interrogation of detainees. daccess-ods.un.org |
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