| 释义 |
Qing proper noun, singular—Examples:Hundred Days Reform (1898), failed attempt reform the Qing dynasty—autumn exam (triennial provincial exam during Ming and Qing)—Earl George Macartney (1737-1806), leader of British mission Qing China in 1793—Grand Prince Yixin (1833-1898), sixth son of Emperor Daoguang, prominent politician, diplomat and modernizer in late Qing—Treaty of Nerchinsk (1698) between Qing China and Russia—Feng Doubo or Feng Wu (1672-), calligrapher of the Ming-Qing transition—word for Western natural sciences during late Qing—Green standard army, standing infantry during Qing dynasty, originally formed from Ming and other Chinese army units—Li Hung-chang or Li Hongzhang (1823-1901), Qing dynasty general, politician and diplomat—Yuan Shikai (1859-1916), senior general of late Qing, subsequently warlord and self-proclaimed emperor of China—Wang Daiyu (1584-1670), Hui Islamic scholar of the Ming-Qing transition—New Armies (modernized Qing armies, trained and equipped according Western standards, founded after Japan's victory in the First Sino-Japanese War in 1895)—the Treaty of Beijing of 1860 between Qing China and Tsarist Russia—the final years of the Ch'ing or Qing dynasty—Xue Fucheng (1838-1894), Qing official and progressive political theorist—xiaolian, two examination subjects in Han, later a single subject in Ming and Qing—official seal (esp. military seal during Qing and Ming times)—treaty port, forced on Qing China by the 19th century Great Powers—Manchurian Qing (refers the Qing dynasty, esp. at its decline, or as an anti-Qing slogan)—Wang Fuzhi (1619-1692), wide-ranging scholar of the Ming-Qing transition—Zhang Zhidong (1837-1909), prominent politician in late Qing—Li Yu (1611-c. 1680), late Ming and early Qing writer and dramatist—inspector-general of province in Ming and Qing times—the triennial provincial imperial exam during the Ming and Qing—Zou Rong (1885-1905), a martyr of the anti-Qing revolution, died in jail in 1905—prefectural magistrate (during Tang Qing times)—Pu Yi, personal name of the last Qing emperor (reigned as child 1909-1911), the subject of Bertolucci's biopic The Last Emperor—Lu Rongting (1858-1928), provincial governor of Guangxi under the Qing, subsequently leader of old Guangxi warlord faction—Xiao Yishan (1902-1978), Modern historian of the Qing dynasty—the foreign learning or Westernizing faction in the late Qing—office set up in 1914 compile official history of the Qing dynasty—the Manchu Han imperial feast, a legendary banquet in the Qing dynasty—autumn trial (judicial hearing of capital cases during Ming and Qing)—Triad Society (early Qing anti-Manchu secret society)—reign name of second Qing emperor (1644-1662)—Xinhai Revolution (1911), which ended the Qing Dynasty—Qiu Jin (1875-1907), famous female martyr of the anti-Qing revolution, the subject of several books and films—refers many different areas during late Qing, foreign occupation, warlord period and Nationalist government—Ever Victorious Army (1860-1864), Qing dynasty army equipped and trained jointly with Europeans and used esp. against the Taiping rebels—Qing Dynasty General Supervisory and Military Command—foreign religion (esp. Western Christianity in Qing China)—Treaty of Aigun, 1858 unequal treaty forced on Qing China by Tsarist Russia—family of a functionary (i.e. educated middle class in Qing times)—seat of prefectural government (from Tang Qing times)—Qing historical archive, currently 4484 scrolls—Make the country wealthy and the military powerful, slogan of modernizers in Qing China and Meiji Japan (Japanese pronunciation: Fukoku kyōhei)—Robert Hart (1835-1911), Englishman who served 1863-1911 in Qing dynasty customs office—the Qing order all men to shave their heads but keep a queue, first ordered in 1646—cap badge (official sign of rank in Qing dynasty)—Qing emergency cabinet set up in May 1911 confront the Xinhai rebels—Support the Qing, annihilate the West! (Boxer rebellion slogan)—reign name of penultimate Qing emperor Guangxu or Guang-hsu (1875-1908)—provincial imperial examination graduate who ranked 1st in metropolitan examination (in Ming and Qing dynasties)—Deng Shichang (1849-1894), Qing dynasty naval specialist, founded naval dockyards and two naval colleges, died heroically in action against the Japanese—princess (loanword from Manchu, used in the Qing Dynasty)—modern history (for China, from the Opium Wars until the fall of the Qing Dynasty, i.e. mid-19th early 20th century)—draft unequal treaty of Livadia (Crimea) of 1879 between Russia and Qing China, subsequently renegotiated—Giuseppe Castiglione (1688-1766) Jesuit who served as Qing court painter for 50 years—semi-feudal and semi-colonial (the official Marxist description of China in the late Qing and under the Guomindang)—Heshen (1746-1799), Manchu official of the Qing Dynasty who openly practiced various forms of corruption on a grand scale—Manchu household register (during the Qing Dynasty)—name of Qing dynasty province covering south Jiangsu, south Anhui and north Zhejiang provinces, with capital at Nanjing— |