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- a large African antelope with a long head and sloping back, related to the gnus麋羚。
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- Genera Alcelaphus, Damaliscus, and Sigmoceros, family Bovidae: three or four species, in particular the red hartebeest (A. buselaphus), which typically has a reddish-brown coat.麋羚属、南非大羚羊属和利氏麋羚属, 牛科：3或4种, 尤指红麋羚, 多有红棕色皮毛。
词源
late 18th cent.: from South African Dutch, from Dutch hert 'hart' + beest 'beast'.
- S. African (of a house, hut, or shelter) simply constructed, typically with a thatched roof and walls made of reed or wattle and daub.〈南非〉简易房屋（通常为茅草屋顶、芦苇及灰泥篱笆墙）。
词源
a loan translation of South African Dutch hardebies "hard reed". Folk etymology connects the shelter with hartebeest hunting.