Gorbachev, Mikhail (Sergeevich) (b. 1931), Soviet statesman, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR 1985-91 and President 1988-91. His foreign policy brought about an end to the cold war, while within the USSR he introduced major reforms known as glasnost and perestroika. He resigned following an attempted coup and at a time of the Soviet republics' desire for autonomy. Nobel Peace Prize (1990).
戈尔巴乔夫, 米克海尔（·谢尔盖耶维奇）（生于1931年, 苏联政治家, 苏联共产党中央总书记[1985-1991], 总统[1988-1991]; 他的外交政策导致了冷战的结束, 同时在国内进行了被称为公开化和改革的重大革新; 他在一次未遂政变后辞职, 当时苏联各加盟共和国都希望自治; 1990年获诺贝尔和平奖）。