cooperative movement
noun
- a movement originating in the industrial areas of northern England and Scotland in the late 18th century, based on the belief that industries and commercial concerns should be owned and controlled by the people working in them, for joint economic benefit.合作运动（18世纪末发起于英格兰北部和苏格兰工业区的运动, 指导思想是： 为了共同的经济利益, 工商业应由其劳动者共同拥有和管理）。