constrain
/kənˈstreɪn/verb
with obj.(常作be constrained)
1- compel or force (someone) towards a particular course of action强迫; 勉强：
with obj. and infinitive children are constrained to work in the way the book dictates.孩子们被迫按照书上规定的方式做。
1.1
- archaic bring about (something) by compulsion〈古〉以强迫方式达成（某事）：
Calypso in her caves constrained his stay.
卡吕普索强迫他留在她的洞穴中。
1.2
- usu. as adj. constrained cause to appear unnaturally forced, typically because of embarrassment（尤指因困窘）压抑, 抑制; 克制; 拘束：
he was acting in a constrained manner.
他表现得很拘束。
1.3
- severely restrict the scope, extent, or activity of限制; 约束, 束缚：
agricultural development is considerably constrained by climate.
农业发展在相当程度上受气候限制。
1.4
- poetic/literary confine forcibly; imprison〈诗/文〉关押, 禁闭, 监禁。
派生词
constrainedly
adverb词源
Middle English: from Old French constraindre, from Latin constringere 'bind tightly together'.