alienation
/ˌeɪljəˈneɪʃən/noun
mass noun
1
- the state or experience of being isolated from a group or an activity to which one should belong or in which one should be involved离间, 疏远：
unemployment may generate a sense of political alienation.
失业可能产生政治上的隔离感。
1.1
- loss or lack of sympathy; estrangement不同情; 疏远：
public alienation from bureaucracy.
公众对官僚机构的疏远。
1.2
- (in Marxist theory) a condition of workers in a capitalist economy, resulting from a lack of identity with the products of their labour and a sense of being controlled or exploited（马克思主义理论）异化感（资本主义经济下工人的一种状况, 源于对其劳动成果缺少认同感, 也源于一种被控制感和被剥削感）。
1.3
- Psychiatry a state of depersonalization or loss of identity in which the self seems unreal, thought to be caused by difficulties in relating to society and the resulting prolonged inhibition of emotion【精神病学】情感性精神错乱。
1.4
- a type of faulty recognition where familiar situations or people appear unfamiliar生疏, 疏远。比较DÉJÀ VU.
1.5
- （亦作alienation effect）Theatre an effect, sought by some dramatists, whereby the audience remains objective and does not identify with the actors【戏剧】间离效果, 陌生化效果。
2
- Law the transfer of the ownership of property rights【律】转让, 让渡。
词源
late Middle English: from Latin alienatio （n-）, from the verb alienare 'estrange'， from alienus （see ALIEN）. The term alienation effect (1940s) is a translation of German Verfremdungseffekt.