temperament
/ˈtempərəmənt/noun
1
- a person's or animal's nature, especially as it permanently affects their behaviour气质; 性情, 性格, 禀赋：
she had an artistic temperament.
她有艺术气质。
1.1
- mass noun the tendency to behave angrily or emotionally急躁脾气; 容易兴奋（或激动）的性格; 易变的性情：
he had begun to show signs of temperament.
他开始显露出急躁的脾气。
2
- mass noun the adjustment of intervals in tuning a piano or other musical instrument so as to fit the scale for use in different keys; in equal temperament, the octave consists of twelve equal semitones.调（音）律（在平均律中, 8度音阶包含有12个均等的半音程）。
词源
late Middle English: from Latin temperamentum 'correct mixture', from temperare 'mingle'. In early use the word was synonymous with the noun TEMPER.