1
- an amount of something left over when requirements have been met; an excess of production or supply over demand剩余; 过剩：
exports of food surpluses.
出口过剩的食品。
1.1
- an excess of income or assets over expenditure or liabilities in a given period, typically a financial year（多指一个财政年的）盈余, 顺差：
a trade surplus of $1,395 million.
13.95亿美元的贸易顺差。
1.2
- the excess value of a company's assets over the face value of its stock超净资产（公司的净资产超过股本票面价值的部分）。
1
- more than what is needed or used; excess多余的; 过剩的：
make the most of your surplus cash
充分利用你的剩余现金
the firm told 284 employees that they were surplus to requirements.
公司告诉284名雇员说他们是超编人员。
1.1
- denoting a shop selling excess or out-of-date military equipment or clothing（商店）出售剩余（或过时的）军用品的：
she had picked up her boots in an army surplus store.
她从军用剩余物资商店中买了这双靴子。
词源
late Middle English: from Old French sourplus, from medieval Latin superplus, from super- 'in addition' + plus 'more'.