1
- an additional charge or payment额外费用：
we guarantee that no surcharges will be added to the cost of your holiday.
我们保证不会额外增加你们假日的花费。
1.1
- a charge made by assessors as a penalty for false returns of taxable property（评税员对不如实申报课税财产者的）附加罚款。
1.2
- Brit. an amount in an official account not passed by the auditor and having to be refunded by the person responsible〈英〉超额（正式账项中审计员不予通过的项目, 须由负责人安排退款）。
1.3
- the showing of an omission in an account for which credit should have been given指出对方在贷方漏记一笔账。
2
- a mark printed on a postage stamp changing its value（邮票上的）改值加盖。
with obj.
1
- exact an additional charge or payment from向…收取额外费用：
retailers will be able to surcharge credit-card users.
零售商可以向信用卡用户收取额外费用。
2
- mark (a postage stamp) with a surcharge在（邮票上）加盖改值印记。
词源
late Middle English (as a verb)： from Old French surcharger （see SUR-1, CHARGE ）. The early sense of the noun （late 15th cent.） was 'excessive load'.