stigma
/ˈstɪgmə/noun
(pl. stigmas 或stigmata /-mətə/［尤用于义项2］)
1
- a mark of disgrace associated with a particular circumstance, quality, or person耻辱, 污名：
the stigma of mental disorder
精神错乱的污名
to be a non-reader carries a social stigma.
文盲的社会名声不好。
2
stigmata
(in Christian tradition) marks corresponding to those left on Christ's body by the Crucifixion, said to have been impressed by divine favour on the bodies of St Francis of Assisi and others（基督教传统中的）圣痕（状如耶稣被钉死后留在身上的伤痕, 传说是因神的恩宠而在阿西西的圣佛兰西斯和其他人身上烙下的伤痕）。
3
- Medicine a visible sign or characteristic of a disease【医】（病的）外在特征（或特点）。
3.1
- a mark or spot on the skin（皮肤上的）斑点, 小斑。
4
- Botany (in a flower) the part of a pistil that receives the pollen during pollination【植】（花的）柱头。
词源
late 16th cent. (denoting a mark made by pricking or branding)： via Latin from Greek stigma 'a mark made by a pointed instrument, a dot'; related to STICK1.