1
- the main body or stalk of a plant or shrub, typically rising above ground but occasionally subterranean（植物、灌木的）茎, 干。
1.1
- the stalk supporting a fruit, flower, or leaf, and attaching it to a larger branch, twig, or stalk（支撑果实、花朵、叶子的）梗。
2
- a long, thin supportive or main section of something把, 柄; 干：
the main stem of the wing feathers.
翅膀羽毛的主干。
2.1
- the slender part of a wine glass between the base and the bowl（酒杯杯身与底座之间的）柄脚。
2.2
- the tube of a tobacco pipe烟斗柄。
2.3
- a rod or cylinder in a mechanism, for example the sliding shaft of a bolt or the winding pin of a watch（机械装置的）阀杆, 导杆, 棒。
2.4
- a vertical stroke in a letter or musical note（文字的）干线; （音符的）符干。
3
- Grammar the root or main part of a noun, adjective, or other word, to which inflections or formative elements are added【语法】词干。
3.1
- archaic or poetic/literary the main line of descent of a family or nation〈古或诗/文〉家谱, 系谱; 血统：
the Hellenic tribes were derived from the Aryan stem.
那些希腊部落起源于雅利安血统。
4
- the main upright timber or metal piece at the bow of a ship, to which the ship's sides are joined at the front end船头, 艏; 艏材, 艏柱。
5
- US informal a pipe used for smoking crack or opium〈美, 非正式〉鸦片烟枪。
(stemmed, stemming)
1
- no obj.
stem from
originate in or be caused by起源于： many of the universities' problems stem from rapid expansion.
大学的许多问题来源于快速扩张。
2
- with obj. remove the stems from (fruit or tobacco leaves)去掉（水果、烟叶的）干（或茎、梗）。
3
- with obj.(of a boat) make headway against (the tide or current)（船）逆流而行。
短语
from stem to stern
- from the front to the back, especially of a ship从头到尾; 从船头到船尾：
surges of water rocked their boats from stem to stern.
汹涌的潮水使船从头到尾摇晃起来。
派生词
stemless
adjectivestem-like
adjective词源
Old English stemn, stefn, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch stam and German Stamm. Sense 4 is related to Dutch steven, German Steven.
verb
stemmed, stemming
1
- with obj. stop or restrict (the flow of something)堵住, 塞住; 制止（流动）：
a nurse did her best to stem the bleeding.
那护士竭尽全力来止血。
1.1
- stop the spread or development of (something undesirable)遏制, 制止：
an attempt to stem the rising tide of unemployment.
遏制失业势头上升的努力。
2
- no obj. Skiing slide the tail of one ski or both skis outwards in order to turn or slow down【滑雪】向外转动（滑雪屐）以便转弯（或减速）。
词源
Middle English （in the sense 'to stop, delay'）：from Old Norse stemma, of Germanic origin. The skiing term （early 20th cent.） is from the German verb stemmen.