spore
/spɔː(r)/noun
1- Biology a minute, typically one-celled, reproductive unit capable of giving rise to a new individual without sexual fusion, characteristic of lower plants, fungi, and protozoans【生】孢子; 芽孢。
1.1
- Botany (in a plant exhibiting alternation of generations) a haploid reproductive cell which gives rise to a gametophyte【植】（世代交替植物的）孢子。
1.2
- Microbiology (in bacteria) a rounded resistant form adopted by a bacterial cell in adverse conditions【微生物】（细菌的）芽孢。
词源
mid 19th cent.: from modern Latin spora, from Greek spora 'sowing, seed', from speirein 'to sow'.