berm
/bɜːm/noun
1- a flat strip of land, raised bank, or terrace bordering a river or canal沿河狭长平地（或沿河高岸、沿河阶地）。
1.1
- a path or grass strip beside a road大路旁边的小径（或草径）, 路肩。
1.2
- an artificial ridge or embankment, such as one built as a defence against tanks（反坦克工事等的）人工脊突, 护堤, 护坡道。
1.3
- a narrow space, especially one between a ditch and the base of a parapet（尤指沟渠与护墙墙脚之间的）狭窄空地。
词源
early 18th cent. (denoting a narrow space)： from French berme, from Dutch berm.