- each of the small, thin horny or bony plates protecting the skin of fish and reptiles, typically overlapping one another鱼鳞; 鳞甲。
- something resembling a fish scale in appearance or function, in particular鱼鳞状物, 尤指：
- a thick dry flake of skin（皮肤的）鳞屑。
- a rudimentary leaf, feather, or bract鳞叶; 鳞苞; 鳞羽。
- each of numerous microscopic tile-like structures covering the wings of butterflies and moths（蝴蝶、蛾子等翅膀上细小的）鳞片。
- mass noun a flaky deposit, in particular片状沉淀; 尤指：
- a white deposit formed in a kettle, boiler, etc. by the evaporation of water containing lime（水壶、锅炉等的） 水垢。
- tartar formed on teeth牙垢。
- a coating of oxide formed on heated metal（加热后金属上形成的）氧化皮。
- with obj. remove scale or scales from刮去…的鳞：
he scales the fish and removes the innards.
他刮去鱼鳞, 掏掉鱼的内脏。
- remove tartar from (teeth) by scraping them除去牙垢。
- no obj. [often as noun scaling](especially of the skin) form scales（尤指皮肤）生成鳞屑：
moisturizers can ease off drying and scaling.
润肤霜既能减轻皮肤干燥, 又能去除皮屑。
- come off in scales or thin pieces; flake off（成片状）脱落, 剥落：
the paint was scaling from the brick walls.
油漆正从砖墙上剥落。
the scales fall from someone's eyes
- someone is no longer deceived（某人）不再受骗。
- ORIGIN: with biblical reference to Acts 9:18.
scaled
adjective粗鳞鱼。
scaleless
adjectivescaler
noun- an instrument for weighing, originally a simple balance (a pair of scales) but now usually a device with an electronic or other internal weighing mechanism天平; 磅秤。
- （亦作scale pan）either of the dishes on a simple balance天平盘。
the Scales
the zodiacal sign or constellation Libra天秤（星）座。
- S. African a large vessel for beer or other liquor; a measure for drink〈南非〉大（啤）酒杯; （酒的）量器。
- weigh a specified weight称得重量为：
some men scaled less than ninety pounds.
某些男人体重不足90磅。
throw something on（或into）the scale
- emphasize the relevance of something to one side of an argument or debate使在辩论中起重要作用; 使在辩论中成为有利因素：
we should have thrown on the other scale all that was moderate in the Liberal Party as well.
我们本来还应该突出自由党温和的一面, 以取得优势。
tip（或turn）the scales
- 见
TIP2 .
- a graduated range of values forming a standard system for measuring or grading something等级; 级别：
company employees have hit the top of their pay scales
公司雇员已拿到工资的最高级别了
figurative 〈喻〉two men at opposite ends of the social scale.
处在社会等级两端的两个人。
- a series of marks at regular intervals in a line used in measuring something刻度, 标度：
the mean delivery time is plotted against a scale on the right.
平均发货时间按右面的分级表标出。
- a device having such a series of marks有刻度的量具：
she read the exact distance off a scale.
她从刻度表上读出精确的距离。
- a rule determining the distances between such marks标尺, 刻度尺：
the vertical axis is given on a logarithmic scale.
纵轴用对数尺标示。
- in sing. the relative size or extent of something规模; 程度; 范围：
no one foresaw the scale of the disaster
无人预见到灾难的程度
everything in the house is on a grand scale.
房子里的所有东西都是大号的。
- often as modifier a ratio of size in a map, model, drawing, or plan比例, 比例尺：
a one-fifth scale model of a seven-storey building
五分之一比例的七层楼房模型
an Ordnance map on a scale of 1:2500.
1:2500的军用地图。
- （全称scale of notation）Mathematics a system of numerical notation in which the value of a digit depends upon its position in the number, successive positions representing successive powers of a fixed base【数】进位制：
the conversion of the number to the binary scale.
把数转换成二进制。
- Photography the range of exposures over which a photographic material will give an acceptable variation in density【摄】影调范围。
- Music an arrangement of the notes in any system of music in ascending or descending order of pitch【乐】音阶：
the scale of C major.
C大调。
- climb up or over (something high and steep)攀登; 翻越：
thieves scaled an 8 ft high fence.
窃贼翻过了八英尺高的栅栏。
- represent in proportional dimensions; reduce or increase in size according to a common scale（按比例）绘制; （按比例）缩小（或放大）：
as adj. scaled scaled plans of the house.按比例绘制的房屋图纸。
- no obj.(of a quantity or property) be variable according to a particular scale（数量, 财产） 按一定比例调节。
- N. Amer. estimate the amount of timber that will be produced from (a log or uncut tree)〈北美〉估算（树木的）产木材量; 量（圆木的）材积。
play（或sing 或practise）scales
- Music perform the notes of a scale as an exercise for the fingers or voice【乐】练指法; 吊嗓子。
to scale
- with a uniform reduction or enlargement按相同比例缩小（或放大）：
it is hard to build models to scale from a drawing.
很难根据图片按比例制作模型。
in scale
- (of a drawing or model) in proportion to the surroundings（图, 模型）（与环境）协调, 成比例。
scaler
nounscale something back
- chiefly US reduce something in size, number, or extent〈主美〉相应缩减：
in the short term, even scaling back defense costs money.
在短期内, 即使缩减防御也要花费很多开支。
scale something down（或scale down）
- reduce something (or be reduced) in size, number or extent相应缩减：
manufacturing capacity has been scaled down
制造能力已经相应缩减
his whole income scaled down by 20 per cent.
他的全部收入减少了20%.
scale something up（或scale up）
- increase something (or be increased) in size or number相应增加（或扩大）：
one cannot suddenly scale up a laboratory procedure by a thousandfold.
我们不可能将实验过程一下子扩大1,000倍。