redundancy
/rɪˈdʌndənsɪ/noun
(pl. -ies)［mass noun］
1- the state of being no longer needed or useful过剩, 剩余：
the redundancy of 19th-century heavy plant machinery.
19世纪重型成套机械的过剩。
1.1
- chiefly Brit. the state of being no longer in employment because there is no more work available〈主英〉（因劳动力过剩的）解雇, 失业：
the factory's workers face redundancy
工厂的工人们面临失业
count noun the car giant is expected to announce around 5,000 redundancies.汽车巨头将宣布裁员5,000人左右。
1.2
- Engineering the inclusion of extra components which are not strictly necessary to functioning, in case of failure in other components【工程】组件重复, 组件重复设置：
a high degree of redundancy is built into the machinery installation.
该机械装置有大量重复组件。