privation
/praɪˈveɪʃən/noun
mass noun
1- a state in which things that are essential for human well-being such as food and warmth are scarce or lacking（吃、穿等生活必需品的）匮乏, 贫困：
years of rationing and privation
限量供应, 物质匮乏的岁月
count noun the privations of life at the front.前线匮乏困苦的生活。
1.1
- formal the loss or absence of a quality or attribute that is normally present〈正式〉丧失, 缺乏：
cold is the privation of heat.
冷就是热量的缺失。
词源
Middle English: from Latin privatio（n-），from privat 'deprived'，from the verb privare （see PRIVATE）.