Napoleon
/nəˈpəʊlɪən/1
- the name of three rulers of France法国三位统治者名字：
1.1
- NapoleonⅠ (1769-1821), emperor 1804-14 and 1815; full name Napoleon Bonaparte; known as Napoleon. In 1799 Napoleon joined a conspiracy which overthrew the Directory, becoming the supreme ruler of France. He declared himself emperor in 1804, establishing an empire stretching from Spain to Poland. After defeats at Trafalgar (1805) and in Russia (1812), he abdicated and was exiled to the island of Elba (1814). He returned to power in 1815, but was defeated at Waterloo and exiled to the island of St Helena.拿破仑一世（1769-1821,1804-1814年和1815年任皇帝, 全名拿破仑·波拿巴, 通称“拿破仑”, 1799年与人共谋推翻了督政府的统治, 成为法国的最高统治者; 1804年称帝, 建立了一个疆土自西班牙到波兰的帝国; 在特拉法尔加角失利[1805]和俄国失利[1812]后, 他退位并被流放到厄尔巴岛, 1815年重新掌权, 但在滑铁卢被击败, 并被流放到圣海伦娜岛）。
1.2
- Napoleon Ⅱ (1811-1832), son of Napoleon Ⅰ and Empress Marie-Louise; full name Napoleon François Charles Joseph Bonaparte. In 1814 Napoleon Ⅰ abdicated on behalf of himself and Napoleon Ⅱ, who had no active political role.拿破仑二世（1811-1832, 拿破仑一世和玛丽-路易丝皇后之子, 全名拿破仑·弗朗索瓦·查尔斯·约瑟夫·波拿巴; 1814年, 拿破仑一世代表自己和未起过积极政治作用的拿破仑二世退位）。
1.3
- Napoleon Ⅲ (1808-73), emperor 1852-70; full name Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte; known as Louis-Napoleon. A nephew of Napoleon Ⅰ, Napoleon Ⅲ was elected President of the Second Republic in 1848 and staged a coup in 1851. He abdicated in 1870 after defeat in the Franco-Prussian War.拿破仑三世（1808-1873,1852-1870年任皇帝, 全名查尔斯·路易·拿破仑·波拿巴, 通称“路易-拿破仑”, 拿破仑一世之侄, 1848年被选为第二共和国总统, 并于1851年策划了政变, 1870年法普战争中失败后退位）。