Crux simplex

Marsyas hanging from a tree to be skinned alive. Roman copy of a Greek original. 1st-2nd century CE

Assyrian impalement was a prototype of subsequent crucifixions.

Christian martyrs tortured in crux simplex (Latin Patrology) vol. 60: 1. unraveled; 2. whipped; 3. torn with hooks (uncus), tweezers (angulae), iron traces (ferrei pectines); 4. burned with hot irons in the armpits; 5. Sun posts with body smeared for attract insects (cyphonis supplicium)

The crux simplex is an instrument of torture and execution recognized by modern authors as one of the types of crosses that existed in the ancient world. In the sixteenth century the scholar Justus Lipsius (1547–1606) qualified itself in his book De cruce libri tres. Most recently as archaeologists and historians like Joe Zias, (Antiquities Museum Jerusalem) and Frederick T. Zugibe have recognized that the crux simplex, consisting of only a vertical beam without crossbar, "in fact is a kind of crucifixion". This type of cross"was the easiest available way to torture and kill criminals". Indeed it isthe most common form of crosses used by the Persians, Assyrians, Seleucids and Phoenicians.

单词	Crux simplex
释义	Crux simplex 英语百科 Crux simplex The crux simplex is an instrument of torture and execution recognized by modern authors as one of the types of crosses that existed in the ancient world. In the sixteenth century the scholar Justus Lipsius (1547–1606) qualified itself in his book De cruce libri tres. Most recently as archaeologists and historians like Joe Zias, (Antiquities Museum Jerusalem) and Frederick T. Zugibe have recognized that the crux simplex, consisting of only a vertical beam without crossbar, "in fact is a kind of crucifixion". This type of cross"was the easiest available way to torture and kill criminals". Indeed it isthe most common form of crosses used by the Persians, Assyrians, Seleucids and Phoenicians.
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