慢性粒细胞性白血病（英语：Chronic Granulocytic Leukemia, CGL），或称慢性髓细胞性白血病（英语：Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, CML），是一类白血病。这种白血病表现为人体骨髓中的主要粒细胞不受管制地增长，并在血液中积累而形成。这种获得性骨髓造血干细胞，即成熟的粒细胞（中性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞）进行恶性克隆衍生，通常并伴生一种骨髓增生性疾病。这种疾病源自一种称为费城染色体（英语：Philadelphia chromosome）的染色体易位现象（9号染色体长臂移至22号染色体短臂上）。对于慢性粒细胞性白血病的一类靶向治疗包括有伊马替尼（英语：imatinib）、达沙替尼（英语：dasatinib）和尼罗替尼（英语：nilotinib），这类靶向治疗方式对缓解治疗慢性粒细胞性白血病有非常良好的效果，患者可以获得接近一般人的生活品质及预期寿命。

Chronic myelogenous (or myeloid or myelocytic) leukemia (CML), also known as chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL), is a cancer of the white blood cells. It is a form of leukemia characterized by the increased and unregulated growth of predominantly myeloid cells in the bone marrow and the accumulation of these cells in the blood. CML is a clonal bone marrow stem cell disorder in which a proliferation of mature granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils) and their precursors is found. It is a type of myeloproliferative disease associated with a characteristic chromosomal translocation called the Philadelphia chromosome. CML is now largely treated with targeted drugs called tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) which have led to dramatically improved long-term survival rates since the introduction of the first such agent in 2001. These drugs have revolutionized treatment of this disease and allow most patients to have a good quality of life when compared to the former chemotherapy drugs. In Western countries, CML accounts for 15-20% of all adult leukemias and 14% of leukemias overall (including the pediatric population).