在颜色感知的研究中，CIE 1931 XYZ色彩空间（也叫做CIE 1931色彩空间）是其中一个最先采用数学方式来定义的色彩空间，它由国际照明委员会（CIE）于1931年创立。

CIE XYZ色彩空间是从1920年代后期W. David Wright（Wright 1928）和John Guild（Guild 1931）做的一系列实验中得出的。他们的实验结果合并到了CIE RGB色彩空间的规定中，CIE XYZ色彩空间再从它得出。本文即阐述这两种色彩空间。

The CIE 1931 color spaces are the first defined quantitative links between physical pure colors (i.e. wavelengths) in the electromagnetic visible spectrum, and physiological perceived colors in human color vision. The mathematical relationships that define these color spaces are essential tools for color management. They allow one to translate different physical responses to visible radiation in color inks, illuminated displays, and recording devices such as digital cameras into a universal human color vision response. CIE 1931 RGB color space and CIE 1931 XYZ color space were created by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) in 1931. The CIE XYZ color space was derived from a series of experiments done in the late 1920s by William David Wright and John Guild. Their experimental results were combined into the specification of the CIE RGB color space, from which the CIE XYZ color space was derived.