让-巴蒂斯特·拉马克（Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, Chevalier de Lamarck，1744年8月1日－1829年12月18日），法国人，1809年发表了《动物哲学》（Philosophie zoologique，亦译作《动物学哲学》）一书，系统地阐述了他的进化理论，即通常所称的拉马克学说。书中提出了用进废退与获得性遗传两个法则，并认为这既是生物产生变异的原因，又是适应环境的过程。达尔文在《物种起源》一书中曾多次引用拉马克的著作。

Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, Chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (/ləˈmɑːrk/; French: [lamaʁk]), was a French naturalist. He was a soldier, biologist, academic, and an early proponent of the idea that evolution occurred and proceeded in accordance with natural laws. He gave the term biology a broader meaning by coining the term for special sciences, chemistry, meteorology, geology, and botany-zoology.